Test Bank for Pediatric Physical Examination: An Illustrated
Handbook, 3rd Edition by Duderstadt, 9780323476508,
Covering Chapters 1-20 | Includes Rationales
A newborn has just been delievered via C-Section with a myelomeningocele which was detected pre-
natally via amniocentecic. The child is scheduled to have surgery within the first 48 hours. Which of
the following nursing actions is appropriate?
A. Place child in semi-fowlers position to decrease pressure on the spinal cord
B. Apply heat lamp to facilitate drying and toughening of the sac
C. Apply soft restraints to prevent disruption of the sac
D. Assess head circumference and fontenals for signs of ICP. - ANSWER: D
A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneuomonia. The nurse
should plan which priority intervention when caring for this child?
A. Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimim
B. Communicate at child;s level and maintain eye contact
C. Use therapeutic touch to calm child with procedures
D. Switch from one assessment activity to another quickly? - ANSWER: A
A child is admitted with acute glomerularnephritis. The nurse would expect the UA during this acute
phase to show which of the following?
A. Bacteruria, hematuria
B. Hematuria, proteinuria
C. Bacteruria, increase specific gravity
D. Proteinuria, decreased specific gravity - ANSWER: B
A child has been admitted to the pedatric unit with suspected meningitis. The CSF aanalysis reveals
the following: Apperance: Clear, WBC: within normal limits, Protein: within normal limits, Glucose:
within normal limits, Culture: negative. Based on the results, the nurse suspects that the child has:
A. Bacertial Meningitis
B. Meningococcal meningitis
C. Viral meningitis
D. Hydrocephalous - ANSWER: C
A two year old has had one bout of nephrosis (nephrotic syndrome) His mother suspected a
recurrence when she observed swelling around his eyes. The nurse helps to confirrm the condition by
recognizing what additional sympton?
A. Blood presssure 140/90
B. Marked proteinuria
C. Tea colored urine
D. A history of positive strep infections - ANSWER: B
The mother of a 1 month old infant tells the nurse she worries that her baby will get meningitits like
her oldest son did when he was an infant. The nurse should base her response on which statement?
A. Meningitis rarely occurs during infancy, however after the first year of life, it is more common.
B. Often a genetic predisposition to meningitis is found and family members are more likely to get it.
C. Vaccination to prevent all types of meningitits is now avaliable and should be administered at 6
months.
D. Vaccination to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitits has decreased the frequency of
this disease in children. - ANSWER: D
, A six week old infant is brought to the pediatricians office for a well-baby visit. During examinations
the physcian displaces the femoral head and reduces it back into place by manipulation of the thighs
and hips. The nurse recognizes that the physcian is assessing:
A. Barlow and ortalani tests for developmental dysplasia of the hip
B. Gower test for developmental dysplasia of the hip
C. Pavlik test for developmental dysplasia of the hip
D. Trendelenburg test for developmental dysplasia of the hip - ANSWER: A
A 10 year old is admitted with possible appendicitis. The doctor's history and physical indicates a WBC
count of 17,000, increased segmented neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes, and 6% bands. The
patient complains of abdominal pain, localized at Mcberney's point. Which statement most accurately
describes the data?
A. Lab work revels a left shift and pain localized in the right lower quadrant
B. Lab work reveals a right shift and pain localized in the left upper quadrant
C. Lab work reveals normal findings with pain localized in the epigastric area.
D. Lab work reveals a possible viral infection with pain localized in the left upper quadrant. - ANSWER:
A
A nurse is caring for a boy with probable intusseception. He had diarrhea before admission but while
waiting for administration of air pressure to reduce the intusseception he produced a normal brown
stool. Which nursing action is the most appropriete.
A. Notify practitioner
B. Measure abdomnial girth
C. Auscultate for bowel sounds
D. Take vital signs, including blood pressure. - ANSWER: A
The nurse is evaluating a child who is being treated for nephrotic syndrome. Which observation
indicated successful treatment of nephrosis?
A. Diuresis and weight loss
B. improved appetitie and weight gain
C. Increase in urine specific gravity
D. Return of temperature and pulse to normal - ANSWER: A
A young child is brought to the emergency room with suspected meningitis. Blood work with cultures,
a urine specimen with a culture and sensitivity, and the spinal tap were completed in the ER and he is
being admitted to the pedatric unit for continued care. Which of the following is a major priority of
nursing care?
A. Encourage oral intake of clear liquids. Progress diet as tolerated
B. Inititate isolation procedure if warranted after the CSF analysis is completed.
C. Inititate isolation procedire immediatly and administer ordered antibiotics
D. Administer sedatives/analgesic on a prescribed schedule to manage pain. - ANSWER: C
The nurse is caring for a 4-year old child immobilized by a fractured leg. Which complication should
the nurse monitor related to the childs immobilzation status.
A. The metabolic rate increases.
B. Increased joint mobility leading to contractures
C. Hypocalcemia due to release of excess calcium
D. Venous stasis leading to thrombi or emboli formation. - ANSWER: D
An adolescent who has chronic SCFE (slipped capital femoral epiphysis) sustains a fall during gym class
andis transported to the hospital with severe pain. Which is the most appropriate explanation for
what happened.
A. The child has probably experienced a fracture
B. The child has expereienced an acute on chronic phenomenom
C. The child has developed idopathic avascular necrosis.
D. the child has developmental dysplasia of the hip - ANSWER: D
Handbook, 3rd Edition by Duderstadt, 9780323476508,
Covering Chapters 1-20 | Includes Rationales
A newborn has just been delievered via C-Section with a myelomeningocele which was detected pre-
natally via amniocentecic. The child is scheduled to have surgery within the first 48 hours. Which of
the following nursing actions is appropriate?
A. Place child in semi-fowlers position to decrease pressure on the spinal cord
B. Apply heat lamp to facilitate drying and toughening of the sac
C. Apply soft restraints to prevent disruption of the sac
D. Assess head circumference and fontenals for signs of ICP. - ANSWER: D
A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneuomonia. The nurse
should plan which priority intervention when caring for this child?
A. Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimim
B. Communicate at child;s level and maintain eye contact
C. Use therapeutic touch to calm child with procedures
D. Switch from one assessment activity to another quickly? - ANSWER: A
A child is admitted with acute glomerularnephritis. The nurse would expect the UA during this acute
phase to show which of the following?
A. Bacteruria, hematuria
B. Hematuria, proteinuria
C. Bacteruria, increase specific gravity
D. Proteinuria, decreased specific gravity - ANSWER: B
A child has been admitted to the pedatric unit with suspected meningitis. The CSF aanalysis reveals
the following: Apperance: Clear, WBC: within normal limits, Protein: within normal limits, Glucose:
within normal limits, Culture: negative. Based on the results, the nurse suspects that the child has:
A. Bacertial Meningitis
B. Meningococcal meningitis
C. Viral meningitis
D. Hydrocephalous - ANSWER: C
A two year old has had one bout of nephrosis (nephrotic syndrome) His mother suspected a
recurrence when she observed swelling around his eyes. The nurse helps to confirrm the condition by
recognizing what additional sympton?
A. Blood presssure 140/90
B. Marked proteinuria
C. Tea colored urine
D. A history of positive strep infections - ANSWER: B
The mother of a 1 month old infant tells the nurse she worries that her baby will get meningitits like
her oldest son did when he was an infant. The nurse should base her response on which statement?
A. Meningitis rarely occurs during infancy, however after the first year of life, it is more common.
B. Often a genetic predisposition to meningitis is found and family members are more likely to get it.
C. Vaccination to prevent all types of meningitits is now avaliable and should be administered at 6
months.
D. Vaccination to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitits has decreased the frequency of
this disease in children. - ANSWER: D
, A six week old infant is brought to the pediatricians office for a well-baby visit. During examinations
the physcian displaces the femoral head and reduces it back into place by manipulation of the thighs
and hips. The nurse recognizes that the physcian is assessing:
A. Barlow and ortalani tests for developmental dysplasia of the hip
B. Gower test for developmental dysplasia of the hip
C. Pavlik test for developmental dysplasia of the hip
D. Trendelenburg test for developmental dysplasia of the hip - ANSWER: A
A 10 year old is admitted with possible appendicitis. The doctor's history and physical indicates a WBC
count of 17,000, increased segmented neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes, and 6% bands. The
patient complains of abdominal pain, localized at Mcberney's point. Which statement most accurately
describes the data?
A. Lab work revels a left shift and pain localized in the right lower quadrant
B. Lab work reveals a right shift and pain localized in the left upper quadrant
C. Lab work reveals normal findings with pain localized in the epigastric area.
D. Lab work reveals a possible viral infection with pain localized in the left upper quadrant. - ANSWER:
A
A nurse is caring for a boy with probable intusseception. He had diarrhea before admission but while
waiting for administration of air pressure to reduce the intusseception he produced a normal brown
stool. Which nursing action is the most appropriete.
A. Notify practitioner
B. Measure abdomnial girth
C. Auscultate for bowel sounds
D. Take vital signs, including blood pressure. - ANSWER: A
The nurse is evaluating a child who is being treated for nephrotic syndrome. Which observation
indicated successful treatment of nephrosis?
A. Diuresis and weight loss
B. improved appetitie and weight gain
C. Increase in urine specific gravity
D. Return of temperature and pulse to normal - ANSWER: A
A young child is brought to the emergency room with suspected meningitis. Blood work with cultures,
a urine specimen with a culture and sensitivity, and the spinal tap were completed in the ER and he is
being admitted to the pedatric unit for continued care. Which of the following is a major priority of
nursing care?
A. Encourage oral intake of clear liquids. Progress diet as tolerated
B. Inititate isolation procedure if warranted after the CSF analysis is completed.
C. Inititate isolation procedire immediatly and administer ordered antibiotics
D. Administer sedatives/analgesic on a prescribed schedule to manage pain. - ANSWER: C
The nurse is caring for a 4-year old child immobilized by a fractured leg. Which complication should
the nurse monitor related to the childs immobilzation status.
A. The metabolic rate increases.
B. Increased joint mobility leading to contractures
C. Hypocalcemia due to release of excess calcium
D. Venous stasis leading to thrombi or emboli formation. - ANSWER: D
An adolescent who has chronic SCFE (slipped capital femoral epiphysis) sustains a fall during gym class
andis transported to the hospital with severe pain. Which is the most appropriate explanation for
what happened.
A. The child has probably experienced a fracture
B. The child has expereienced an acute on chronic phenomenom
C. The child has developed idopathic avascular necrosis.
D. the child has developmental dysplasia of the hip - ANSWER: D
