Test Bank For Porths Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th Edition
By Tommie Norris 9781975107192 | Chapter 1-52 | All
Chapters with Answers and Rationals
A 25-year-old female client exhibits exophthalmos of both eyes. The health care provider recognizes
this as a manifestation of: - ANSWER: Graves disease
When educating a client with possible glucocorticoid dysfunction, the nurse will explain that the CRH
controls the release of ACTH. The best time to perform the blood test to measure peak ACTH levels
would be: - ANSWER: 06:00 to 08:00 AM
Which test can the nurse prepare the client for to determine the differentiation between a benign
and a malignant thyroid disease? - ANSWER: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy
A parent arrives in the endocrinology clinic with her 8-year-old son, concerned about his rapid
development and tall stature. What significant assessment finding does the nurse recognize is
important to report to the physician related to the development of precocious puberty? - ANSWER:
Significant genital enlargement
The nurse is caring for a 42-year-old male client who is admitted for treatment of heart failure. He has
abnormally large hands and feet and a broad face with a protruding jaw. Based on these signs and
symptoms, the nurse identifies which of the following endocrine disturbances as the most likely cause
for these physical changes? - ANSWER: Acromegaly
The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client with Graves' disease who has
ophthalmopathy. What should the nurse be sure to include in the instructions to decrease
exacerbation of this clinical manifestation? - ANSWER: The client should be strongly urged not to
smoke.
The nurse is providing education to a client with Addison's disease who has been treated for
hyponatremia and hypoglycemia related to the disease. What should the nurse inform the client
should be done to ensure control of these conditions? - ANSWER: The client should eat and exercise
on a regular schedule.
A client with severe hypothyroidism is presently experiencing hypothermia. What nursing
intervention is a priority in the care of this client? - ANSWER: Slow rewarming of the client to prevent
vasodilation and vascular collapse
The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with Addison disease about the importance of lifetime oral
replacement therapy. Select the pharmacologic agent that would be prescribed. - ANSWER:
Hydrocortisone
A client is diagnosed with adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency (ACTH) and is to begin
replacement therapy. Regarding which type of replacement will the nurse educate the client? -
ANSWER: Cortisol replacement therapy.
When the nurse is performing a health history for a client who is being admitted for hyperthyroidism,
what symptoms does the client report that the nurse would find associated with this disorder? -
ANSWER: Increase in appetite
A newborn is screened for congenital hypothyroidism and is found to have the disorder. When
educating the mother about the importance of the infant's taking thyroid hormone supplement, what
should be included in the education? - ANSWER: The infant will have dosage levels adjusted as he
grows.
, Which medication order should the nurse question for a client with hyperthyroidism who is
experiencing signs of impending thyroid storm? - ANSWER: Aspirin
The nurse is performing an assessment for a client who has hyperthyroidism that is untreated. When
obtaining vital signs, what is the expected finding? - ANSWER: Heart rate 110 and bounding
A client who has just undergone a thyroidectomy is experiencing high fever, tachycardia, and extreme
restlessness. The nurse would interpret these manifestations as: - ANSWER: Thyroid crisis
The nurse is working in a pediatric clinic. Which of the following children would the nurse recognize as
having isosexual precocious puberty? - ANSWER: A 5-year-old African-American female with
developing breasts and pubic hair
A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and is exhibiting weight loss, diarrhea, and tachycardia.
What does the nurse understand that these clinical manifestations are related to? - ANSWER: A
hypermetabolic state
A woman who is exhibiting clinical manifestations of a pituitary adenoma will likely complain of:
Select all that apply. - ANSWER: • Cessation of menses
• Unusual milk secretion unrelated to pregnancy
• Infertility
A lung cancer client with small cell carcinoma may secrete an excess of which hormone causing an
ectopic form of Cushing syndrome due to a nonpituitary tumor? - ANSWER: ACTH
The newborn-nursery nurse is obtaining a blood sample to determine if a newborn has congenital
hypothyroidism. What long-term complication is the nurse aware can occur if this test is not
performed and the infant has congenital hypothyroidism? - ANSWER: Cretinism
A client with a pituitary adenoma has had a transsphenoidal removal, successfully. What statement
made by the client after education by the nurse indicates the client understands pharmacological
treatment? - ANSWER: "I will need to take my medication for about 6 to 12 months, or until my
adrenal function returns."
The nurse is reviewing the assessment data of four clients. Select the client who would be diagnosed
with precocious puberty. - ANSWER: A 7-year-old female with early menarche
After receiving change-of-shift report about the following four patients, which patient should the
nurse assess first? - ANSWER: 70-year-old returning from PACU following partial thyroidectomy who is
extremely agitated, has an irregular pulse rate of 134, and an elevated temperature of 103.20 F
An elderly woman is brought to the emergency department by her family. They relate to the nurse
that the client has had mental status changes and cannot remember her grandchildren's names. They
go on to say that she is intolerant of cold and is lethargic. On physical examination, the nurse notes
that the client has a husky voice, her face is puffy around the eyes, and her tongue appears to be
enlarged. What diagnosis would the nurse suspect? - ANSWER: Myxedema
Hyperthyroidism that is inadequately treated can cause a life-threatening condition known as a
thyroid storm. What are the manifestations of a thyroid storm? (Select all that apply.) - ANSWER: •
Tachycardia
• Delirium
• Very high fever
A client comes to the clinic with fatigue and muscle weakness. The client also states she has been
having diarrhea. The nurse observes the skin of the client has a bronze tone and when asked, the
client says she has not had any sun exposure. The mucous membranes of the gums are bluish-black.
By Tommie Norris 9781975107192 | Chapter 1-52 | All
Chapters with Answers and Rationals
A 25-year-old female client exhibits exophthalmos of both eyes. The health care provider recognizes
this as a manifestation of: - ANSWER: Graves disease
When educating a client with possible glucocorticoid dysfunction, the nurse will explain that the CRH
controls the release of ACTH. The best time to perform the blood test to measure peak ACTH levels
would be: - ANSWER: 06:00 to 08:00 AM
Which test can the nurse prepare the client for to determine the differentiation between a benign
and a malignant thyroid disease? - ANSWER: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy
A parent arrives in the endocrinology clinic with her 8-year-old son, concerned about his rapid
development and tall stature. What significant assessment finding does the nurse recognize is
important to report to the physician related to the development of precocious puberty? - ANSWER:
Significant genital enlargement
The nurse is caring for a 42-year-old male client who is admitted for treatment of heart failure. He has
abnormally large hands and feet and a broad face with a protruding jaw. Based on these signs and
symptoms, the nurse identifies which of the following endocrine disturbances as the most likely cause
for these physical changes? - ANSWER: Acromegaly
The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client with Graves' disease who has
ophthalmopathy. What should the nurse be sure to include in the instructions to decrease
exacerbation of this clinical manifestation? - ANSWER: The client should be strongly urged not to
smoke.
The nurse is providing education to a client with Addison's disease who has been treated for
hyponatremia and hypoglycemia related to the disease. What should the nurse inform the client
should be done to ensure control of these conditions? - ANSWER: The client should eat and exercise
on a regular schedule.
A client with severe hypothyroidism is presently experiencing hypothermia. What nursing
intervention is a priority in the care of this client? - ANSWER: Slow rewarming of the client to prevent
vasodilation and vascular collapse
The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with Addison disease about the importance of lifetime oral
replacement therapy. Select the pharmacologic agent that would be prescribed. - ANSWER:
Hydrocortisone
A client is diagnosed with adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency (ACTH) and is to begin
replacement therapy. Regarding which type of replacement will the nurse educate the client? -
ANSWER: Cortisol replacement therapy.
When the nurse is performing a health history for a client who is being admitted for hyperthyroidism,
what symptoms does the client report that the nurse would find associated with this disorder? -
ANSWER: Increase in appetite
A newborn is screened for congenital hypothyroidism and is found to have the disorder. When
educating the mother about the importance of the infant's taking thyroid hormone supplement, what
should be included in the education? - ANSWER: The infant will have dosage levels adjusted as he
grows.
, Which medication order should the nurse question for a client with hyperthyroidism who is
experiencing signs of impending thyroid storm? - ANSWER: Aspirin
The nurse is performing an assessment for a client who has hyperthyroidism that is untreated. When
obtaining vital signs, what is the expected finding? - ANSWER: Heart rate 110 and bounding
A client who has just undergone a thyroidectomy is experiencing high fever, tachycardia, and extreme
restlessness. The nurse would interpret these manifestations as: - ANSWER: Thyroid crisis
The nurse is working in a pediatric clinic. Which of the following children would the nurse recognize as
having isosexual precocious puberty? - ANSWER: A 5-year-old African-American female with
developing breasts and pubic hair
A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and is exhibiting weight loss, diarrhea, and tachycardia.
What does the nurse understand that these clinical manifestations are related to? - ANSWER: A
hypermetabolic state
A woman who is exhibiting clinical manifestations of a pituitary adenoma will likely complain of:
Select all that apply. - ANSWER: • Cessation of menses
• Unusual milk secretion unrelated to pregnancy
• Infertility
A lung cancer client with small cell carcinoma may secrete an excess of which hormone causing an
ectopic form of Cushing syndrome due to a nonpituitary tumor? - ANSWER: ACTH
The newborn-nursery nurse is obtaining a blood sample to determine if a newborn has congenital
hypothyroidism. What long-term complication is the nurse aware can occur if this test is not
performed and the infant has congenital hypothyroidism? - ANSWER: Cretinism
A client with a pituitary adenoma has had a transsphenoidal removal, successfully. What statement
made by the client after education by the nurse indicates the client understands pharmacological
treatment? - ANSWER: "I will need to take my medication for about 6 to 12 months, or until my
adrenal function returns."
The nurse is reviewing the assessment data of four clients. Select the client who would be diagnosed
with precocious puberty. - ANSWER: A 7-year-old female with early menarche
After receiving change-of-shift report about the following four patients, which patient should the
nurse assess first? - ANSWER: 70-year-old returning from PACU following partial thyroidectomy who is
extremely agitated, has an irregular pulse rate of 134, and an elevated temperature of 103.20 F
An elderly woman is brought to the emergency department by her family. They relate to the nurse
that the client has had mental status changes and cannot remember her grandchildren's names. They
go on to say that she is intolerant of cold and is lethargic. On physical examination, the nurse notes
that the client has a husky voice, her face is puffy around the eyes, and her tongue appears to be
enlarged. What diagnosis would the nurse suspect? - ANSWER: Myxedema
Hyperthyroidism that is inadequately treated can cause a life-threatening condition known as a
thyroid storm. What are the manifestations of a thyroid storm? (Select all that apply.) - ANSWER: •
Tachycardia
• Delirium
• Very high fever
A client comes to the clinic with fatigue and muscle weakness. The client also states she has been
having diarrhea. The nurse observes the skin of the client has a bronze tone and when asked, the
client says she has not had any sun exposure. The mucous membranes of the gums are bluish-black.
