Test Bank: Toward Healthy Aging Human Needs and Nursing
Response 11th Edition by Touhy - Ch. 1-35, 9780323809887,
with Rationales
Which option refers to the highest level of human functioning according to Maslow?
a.Biological and physical integrity
b.Safety and security
c.Self-esteem
d.Self-actualization - ANSWER: ANS: D
According to Maslow, persons whose basic physical needs are met, who feel safe and secure, and who
possess self-esteem and self-efficacy can achieve self-actualization, reaching out beyond themselves
to make their lives meaningful.
Biological and physical integrity is the lowest level in Maslows hierarchy, below safety and security.
Safety and security are the second-lowest level, below self-esteem. Self-esteem is the second-highest
level, below self-actualization.
A man is terminally ill with end-stage prostate cancer. Which is the best statement about this mans
wellness?
a.Wellness is possible in the management of his medical care.
b.Wellness is unfortunately not a real option for this client.
c.Wellness is the same thing as faith healing, and if the client would be more receptive, then he could
be back at work in a few weeks.
d.Nursing interventions can help empower a client to achieve a higher level of wellness. - ANSWER:
ANS: D
Nursing interventions can help empower a client to achieve a higher level of wellness; a nurse can
foster wellness at all levels of the needs hierarchy.
Wellness is possible even if the client assists in the management of his medical care; an individual
must work hard to achieve wellness, similar to a job. Wellness is unfortunately not a real option for
this client; however, all persons, regardless of age or life-health situations, can be helped to achieve a
higher level of wellness. Wellness is the same thing as faith healing, and if the client would be more
receptive, then he could be back at work in a few weeks; biomedical approaches and other
treatments and techniques are used to achieve realistic improvements in wellness.
In differentiating between health and wellness in health care, which of the following statements is
true?
a.Health is a broad term encompassing attitudes and behaviors.
b.The concept of illness prevention was never considered by previous generations.
c.Wellness and self-actualization develop through learning and growth.
d.Wellness is impossible when ones health is compromised. - ANSWER: ANS: A
,Health is a broad term that encompasses attitudes and behaviors; holistically, health includes
wellness, which involves ones whole being.
The concept of illness prevention was never considered by previous generations; throughout history,
basic self-care requirements have been recognized. Wellness and self-actualization develop through
learning and growthas basic needs are met, higher-level needs can be satisfied in turn, with ever-
deepening richness to life. Wellness is impossible when ones health is compromised even with
chronic illness, with multiple disabilities, or in dying, movement toward a higher level of wellness is
possible.
Which cultural group is predicted to have the fastest growing older adult population in the United
States between the years 2010 and 2050?
a.Native Americans
b.African Americans
c.Hispanic Americans
d.Asian/Pacific Island Americans - ANSWER: ANS: C
As shown in Figure 1-1, the Hispanic older adult population is projected to be the most rapidly
increasing population segment between 2010 and 2050.
The older adult populations of all other races, combined, do not rise as rapidly as the Hispanic older
adult population between the years 2010 and 2050. The African-American older adult population is
expected to have the second-fastest rise between 2010 and 2050. The non-Hispanic white older adult
population is projected to decrease between 2010 and 2050.
Historical influences that have shaped the lives of the majority of the middle-old population in the
United States today include which of the following?
a.Influenza epidemic of 1918
b.Immigration from communist Europe
c.Child rearing in the Depression
d.World War II - ANSWER: ANS: D
Those who are middle-old in 2005 were in their teens and 20s during World War II; in particular, the
men were likely to have fought in it.
A person who survived the influenza epidemic would be at least 87 years old in 2005 and therefore
would be considered old-old or a centenarian. Those who are middle-old in 2005 were born between
1920 and 1930, before communism swept Europe. Most of those who are middle-old in 2005 had not
reached childbearing age by the end of the Depression.
The nurse prepares for the arrival of older adults evacuated from a hurricane to a shelter for short-
term care. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
a.Demonstrate that the staff is prepared to meet their needs.
b.Use individual medical records to develop a medication plan.
c.Help older adults display family photographs and memorabilia.
d.Help older adults teach one another a new skill in the shelter. - ANSWER: ANS: B
,The nurse prepares for short-term care by prioritizing the needs of the older adults, and this
intervention helps maintain the therapeutic plan, thereby addressing the need for physiological
integrity. Furthermore, the nurse maintains continuity of care by preparing a medication schedule to
prevent missed doses of medication. Providing safety and security from the storm is Maslows second
most basic need.
In emergency conditions, the nurse provides basic care relating to safety, security, and physical well-
being. Maintaining a sense of belonging is important but not in emergency conditions. A state of
emergency is not the time to develop self-esteem; meeting safety, security, and physical needs are
more important.
According to researchers, which characteristic will most centenarians share in the future?
a.Female
b.Demented
c.Malnourished
d.Wheelchair bound - ANSWER: ANS: A
Researchers expect women to make up the majority of centenarians in the future.
Gerontologists expect dementia to be common among older adults, but they are not predicting most
centenarians will have dementia. Malnutrition is common among older adults, but researchers have
not predicted that most centenarians will be malnourished. Decreased mobility is common among
older adults, but researchers have not predicted that most centenarians will be confined to a
wheelchair.
TOUHY 4TH ED TESTBANK
Which statement describes aging in developing countries?
a.Aged dependence is likely to improve from 1:4 to 1:2.
b.The biggest problem for older adults will be the lack of food.
c.Most older adults are likely to reside in these countries.
d.Similar to fertility, life expectancy is increasing, although at a different rate. - ANSWER: ANS: C
Currently, developing countries already contain two thirds of the worlds older adult population.
Aged dependence is likely to deteriorate from 1:4 to 1:2. The biggest problem of the worlds oldest
adults is most likely to be a lack of regular income. Life expectancy is increasing, but fertility is
decreasing worldwide.
TOUHY 4TH ED TESTBANK
An older woman tells the nurse that she has experienced increasing fatigue and shortness of breath
over the last 2 days. Which goal is the nurses priority?
a.Promote safety to prevent injury.
b.Complete nutritional assessment.
c.Balance exercise and rest periods.
, d.Explore the womans complaints. - ANSWER: ANS: D
Investigating the complaint is the nurses priority; fatigue and shortness of breath can indicate cardiac
disease, especially in women. Women with cardiac disease often exhibit atypical symptoms, and
because it tends to be treated less aggressively in women, the nurse must be careful not to miss
indicators of potential cardiac disease. In addition, in investigating the older womans chief complaint,
the nurse investigates all possible causes.
Promoting safety and preventing injury are reasonable goals to include for this adult but are not as
important as investigating the chief complaint; breathing and circulation are two of the three most
important physical needs. Completing the nutritional assessment for this adult is reasonable because
the symptoms can be related to nutritional deficiencies; however, this assessment should be a part of
the examination of the chief complaint. Balancing rest and exercise is a reasonable approach to a
complaint of fatigue and shortness of breath if the adult is deconditioned; however, the nurse must
investigate the chief complaint to determine whether deconditioning is a factor.
increasing, but fertility is decreasing worldwide.
TOUHY 4TH ED TESTBANK
The nurse develops a community program to promote exercise for older adults. Which should the
nurse include in the exercise program?
a.Reinforce the ease of exercising every day.
b.Use exercise to relax any dietary restrictions.
c.Describe ways to resume exercise after lapses.
d.Participate because exercise achieves wellness. - ANSWER: ANS: C
Because the path to wellness includes progression, as well as regression, the nurse shares information
to help participants anticipate these events. The nurse encourages participants by telling them to
expect periods of regression; he or she emphasizes that progress made up to a point is not lost and
explains how to approach resumption in progress toward wellness with exercise.
The nurse tells the participants that achieving wellness takes work and regular effort. Rather than
offering false hope, the nurse shares practical advice about how to incorporate exercise into everyday
life. The nurse avoids suggesting that adults can look forward to relaxing dietary or medical
restrictions by using a single method; it is unethical to offer false hope, the plan can be ineffective,
and the plan can have adverse effects. The nurse avoids instructing adults to rely on one method of
achieving wellness; wellness is achieved by balancing emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical
processes.
TOUHY 4TH ED TESTBANK
Which describes the older man who is likely to experience the best overall health and well-being?
a.Resides in assisted-living facility, watches television alone, uses herbal remedies, is underweight
b.Resides alone, was moved to a new city recently by his family members for their convenience, has
osteoarthritis
c.Has prostate cancer with metastasis to the lungs, is receiving radiation therapy, is wealthy, has a
large family
d.Uses a wheelchair, has peripheral arterial disease, attends weekly baseball games with three friends
- ANSWER: ANS: D
Response 11th Edition by Touhy - Ch. 1-35, 9780323809887,
with Rationales
Which option refers to the highest level of human functioning according to Maslow?
a.Biological and physical integrity
b.Safety and security
c.Self-esteem
d.Self-actualization - ANSWER: ANS: D
According to Maslow, persons whose basic physical needs are met, who feel safe and secure, and who
possess self-esteem and self-efficacy can achieve self-actualization, reaching out beyond themselves
to make their lives meaningful.
Biological and physical integrity is the lowest level in Maslows hierarchy, below safety and security.
Safety and security are the second-lowest level, below self-esteem. Self-esteem is the second-highest
level, below self-actualization.
A man is terminally ill with end-stage prostate cancer. Which is the best statement about this mans
wellness?
a.Wellness is possible in the management of his medical care.
b.Wellness is unfortunately not a real option for this client.
c.Wellness is the same thing as faith healing, and if the client would be more receptive, then he could
be back at work in a few weeks.
d.Nursing interventions can help empower a client to achieve a higher level of wellness. - ANSWER:
ANS: D
Nursing interventions can help empower a client to achieve a higher level of wellness; a nurse can
foster wellness at all levels of the needs hierarchy.
Wellness is possible even if the client assists in the management of his medical care; an individual
must work hard to achieve wellness, similar to a job. Wellness is unfortunately not a real option for
this client; however, all persons, regardless of age or life-health situations, can be helped to achieve a
higher level of wellness. Wellness is the same thing as faith healing, and if the client would be more
receptive, then he could be back at work in a few weeks; biomedical approaches and other
treatments and techniques are used to achieve realistic improvements in wellness.
In differentiating between health and wellness in health care, which of the following statements is
true?
a.Health is a broad term encompassing attitudes and behaviors.
b.The concept of illness prevention was never considered by previous generations.
c.Wellness and self-actualization develop through learning and growth.
d.Wellness is impossible when ones health is compromised. - ANSWER: ANS: A
,Health is a broad term that encompasses attitudes and behaviors; holistically, health includes
wellness, which involves ones whole being.
The concept of illness prevention was never considered by previous generations; throughout history,
basic self-care requirements have been recognized. Wellness and self-actualization develop through
learning and growthas basic needs are met, higher-level needs can be satisfied in turn, with ever-
deepening richness to life. Wellness is impossible when ones health is compromised even with
chronic illness, with multiple disabilities, or in dying, movement toward a higher level of wellness is
possible.
Which cultural group is predicted to have the fastest growing older adult population in the United
States between the years 2010 and 2050?
a.Native Americans
b.African Americans
c.Hispanic Americans
d.Asian/Pacific Island Americans - ANSWER: ANS: C
As shown in Figure 1-1, the Hispanic older adult population is projected to be the most rapidly
increasing population segment between 2010 and 2050.
The older adult populations of all other races, combined, do not rise as rapidly as the Hispanic older
adult population between the years 2010 and 2050. The African-American older adult population is
expected to have the second-fastest rise between 2010 and 2050. The non-Hispanic white older adult
population is projected to decrease between 2010 and 2050.
Historical influences that have shaped the lives of the majority of the middle-old population in the
United States today include which of the following?
a.Influenza epidemic of 1918
b.Immigration from communist Europe
c.Child rearing in the Depression
d.World War II - ANSWER: ANS: D
Those who are middle-old in 2005 were in their teens and 20s during World War II; in particular, the
men were likely to have fought in it.
A person who survived the influenza epidemic would be at least 87 years old in 2005 and therefore
would be considered old-old or a centenarian. Those who are middle-old in 2005 were born between
1920 and 1930, before communism swept Europe. Most of those who are middle-old in 2005 had not
reached childbearing age by the end of the Depression.
The nurse prepares for the arrival of older adults evacuated from a hurricane to a shelter for short-
term care. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
a.Demonstrate that the staff is prepared to meet their needs.
b.Use individual medical records to develop a medication plan.
c.Help older adults display family photographs and memorabilia.
d.Help older adults teach one another a new skill in the shelter. - ANSWER: ANS: B
,The nurse prepares for short-term care by prioritizing the needs of the older adults, and this
intervention helps maintain the therapeutic plan, thereby addressing the need for physiological
integrity. Furthermore, the nurse maintains continuity of care by preparing a medication schedule to
prevent missed doses of medication. Providing safety and security from the storm is Maslows second
most basic need.
In emergency conditions, the nurse provides basic care relating to safety, security, and physical well-
being. Maintaining a sense of belonging is important but not in emergency conditions. A state of
emergency is not the time to develop self-esteem; meeting safety, security, and physical needs are
more important.
According to researchers, which characteristic will most centenarians share in the future?
a.Female
b.Demented
c.Malnourished
d.Wheelchair bound - ANSWER: ANS: A
Researchers expect women to make up the majority of centenarians in the future.
Gerontologists expect dementia to be common among older adults, but they are not predicting most
centenarians will have dementia. Malnutrition is common among older adults, but researchers have
not predicted that most centenarians will be malnourished. Decreased mobility is common among
older adults, but researchers have not predicted that most centenarians will be confined to a
wheelchair.
TOUHY 4TH ED TESTBANK
Which statement describes aging in developing countries?
a.Aged dependence is likely to improve from 1:4 to 1:2.
b.The biggest problem for older adults will be the lack of food.
c.Most older adults are likely to reside in these countries.
d.Similar to fertility, life expectancy is increasing, although at a different rate. - ANSWER: ANS: C
Currently, developing countries already contain two thirds of the worlds older adult population.
Aged dependence is likely to deteriorate from 1:4 to 1:2. The biggest problem of the worlds oldest
adults is most likely to be a lack of regular income. Life expectancy is increasing, but fertility is
decreasing worldwide.
TOUHY 4TH ED TESTBANK
An older woman tells the nurse that she has experienced increasing fatigue and shortness of breath
over the last 2 days. Which goal is the nurses priority?
a.Promote safety to prevent injury.
b.Complete nutritional assessment.
c.Balance exercise and rest periods.
, d.Explore the womans complaints. - ANSWER: ANS: D
Investigating the complaint is the nurses priority; fatigue and shortness of breath can indicate cardiac
disease, especially in women. Women with cardiac disease often exhibit atypical symptoms, and
because it tends to be treated less aggressively in women, the nurse must be careful not to miss
indicators of potential cardiac disease. In addition, in investigating the older womans chief complaint,
the nurse investigates all possible causes.
Promoting safety and preventing injury are reasonable goals to include for this adult but are not as
important as investigating the chief complaint; breathing and circulation are two of the three most
important physical needs. Completing the nutritional assessment for this adult is reasonable because
the symptoms can be related to nutritional deficiencies; however, this assessment should be a part of
the examination of the chief complaint. Balancing rest and exercise is a reasonable approach to a
complaint of fatigue and shortness of breath if the adult is deconditioned; however, the nurse must
investigate the chief complaint to determine whether deconditioning is a factor.
increasing, but fertility is decreasing worldwide.
TOUHY 4TH ED TESTBANK
The nurse develops a community program to promote exercise for older adults. Which should the
nurse include in the exercise program?
a.Reinforce the ease of exercising every day.
b.Use exercise to relax any dietary restrictions.
c.Describe ways to resume exercise after lapses.
d.Participate because exercise achieves wellness. - ANSWER: ANS: C
Because the path to wellness includes progression, as well as regression, the nurse shares information
to help participants anticipate these events. The nurse encourages participants by telling them to
expect periods of regression; he or she emphasizes that progress made up to a point is not lost and
explains how to approach resumption in progress toward wellness with exercise.
The nurse tells the participants that achieving wellness takes work and regular effort. Rather than
offering false hope, the nurse shares practical advice about how to incorporate exercise into everyday
life. The nurse avoids suggesting that adults can look forward to relaxing dietary or medical
restrictions by using a single method; it is unethical to offer false hope, the plan can be ineffective,
and the plan can have adverse effects. The nurse avoids instructing adults to rely on one method of
achieving wellness; wellness is achieved by balancing emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical
processes.
TOUHY 4TH ED TESTBANK
Which describes the older man who is likely to experience the best overall health and well-being?
a.Resides in assisted-living facility, watches television alone, uses herbal remedies, is underweight
b.Resides alone, was moved to a new city recently by his family members for their convenience, has
osteoarthritis
c.Has prostate cancer with metastasis to the lungs, is receiving radiation therapy, is wealthy, has a
large family
d.Uses a wheelchair, has peripheral arterial disease, attends weekly baseball games with three friends
- ANSWER: ANS: D
