Anatomy - Stott Pilates Exam Preparation Questions and
Answers 100% Accuracy
Which muscles oppose each other on the anteroposterior sides of the foot? - Correct
Answer Anterior: Dorsiflexors
Posterior: Plantar Flexors
Which muscles oppose each other on the later and rotary sides of the foot? - Correct
Answer Lateral: Tibias
Perineal
What is the function of Tibias anterior? - Correct Answer dorsiflexion and inverting the foot.
What is the function of the peroneus muscles? - Correct Answer Primarily responsible for
eversion of the foot. Peroneus longus and braves plantar flex the foot, while the peroneus
tortious dorsiflexed it.
What are the opposing anteroposterior muscles of the knee? - Correct Answer the
hamstrings, gastrocnemius and the popliteal oppose the hamstrings.
The transverse plane divides the body into _________ and _______ segments. - Correct
Answer Superior and inferior segments of the body
The Frontal plane divides the body into ____________ and ___________ segments. -
Correct Answer Anterior and posterior (front/back) segments.
The sagittal plane divides the body into ________ and ________ segments - Correct Answer
Left and right segments
Medial is a directional term for: - Correct Answer closest to the midline of the body.
Lateral is a directional term for: - Correct Answer Away from the midline of the body
Proximal/central means ________ to the trunk or midline of the body. - Correct Answer
closer
Distal/peripheral means ________ from the trunk or midline of the body. - Correct Answer
away
Superior is a directional term for: - Correct Answer above or towards the head
, Inferior is a directional term for: - Correct Answer below or away from the head
Anterior refers to - Correct Answer front of the body
Posterior refers to - Correct Answer back of the body
Superficial refers to - Correct Answer towards the surface of the skin / outer most layer
Deep refers to - Correct Answer inside the body (internal)
Spinal flexion moves the __________ surfaces of the body ___________ each other. -
Correct Answer anterior surfaces of the body towards each other.
Spinal extension moves the __________ surfaces of the body ___________ each other. -
Correct Answer anterior surfaces of the body away from each other.
Lateral spinal flexion moves the spine in which direction? - Correct Answer Side to side
Rotational movements happen around which central point? - Correct Answer The axis of
the spine.
List the 4 actions of the neck (cervical spine) - Correct Answer Flexion
Extension
Lateral flexion
Rotation
Describe the action of shoulder flexion and extension. - Correct Answer Arm reaches up
overhead (vertical flexion)
Arm reaches back behind the body (vertical extension)
Describe the actions of shoulder abduction and adduction. - Correct Answer Arm moves
away from the midline (abduction)
Arm moves towards the midline (adduction)
Can also do horizontally as in when client is supine.
Describe the actions of internal rotation and external rotation of the shoulder. - Correct
Answer Internal rotation - palm moves toward the body.
External rotation - palm moves away from the body.
Describe the actions of protraction and retraction of the scapula. - Correct Answer
protraction - scapular borders moves away from the midline (the spine)
Retraction - scapular boarders moves toward the midline (the spine)
Answers 100% Accuracy
Which muscles oppose each other on the anteroposterior sides of the foot? - Correct
Answer Anterior: Dorsiflexors
Posterior: Plantar Flexors
Which muscles oppose each other on the later and rotary sides of the foot? - Correct
Answer Lateral: Tibias
Perineal
What is the function of Tibias anterior? - Correct Answer dorsiflexion and inverting the foot.
What is the function of the peroneus muscles? - Correct Answer Primarily responsible for
eversion of the foot. Peroneus longus and braves plantar flex the foot, while the peroneus
tortious dorsiflexed it.
What are the opposing anteroposterior muscles of the knee? - Correct Answer the
hamstrings, gastrocnemius and the popliteal oppose the hamstrings.
The transverse plane divides the body into _________ and _______ segments. - Correct
Answer Superior and inferior segments of the body
The Frontal plane divides the body into ____________ and ___________ segments. -
Correct Answer Anterior and posterior (front/back) segments.
The sagittal plane divides the body into ________ and ________ segments - Correct Answer
Left and right segments
Medial is a directional term for: - Correct Answer closest to the midline of the body.
Lateral is a directional term for: - Correct Answer Away from the midline of the body
Proximal/central means ________ to the trunk or midline of the body. - Correct Answer
closer
Distal/peripheral means ________ from the trunk or midline of the body. - Correct Answer
away
Superior is a directional term for: - Correct Answer above or towards the head
, Inferior is a directional term for: - Correct Answer below or away from the head
Anterior refers to - Correct Answer front of the body
Posterior refers to - Correct Answer back of the body
Superficial refers to - Correct Answer towards the surface of the skin / outer most layer
Deep refers to - Correct Answer inside the body (internal)
Spinal flexion moves the __________ surfaces of the body ___________ each other. -
Correct Answer anterior surfaces of the body towards each other.
Spinal extension moves the __________ surfaces of the body ___________ each other. -
Correct Answer anterior surfaces of the body away from each other.
Lateral spinal flexion moves the spine in which direction? - Correct Answer Side to side
Rotational movements happen around which central point? - Correct Answer The axis of
the spine.
List the 4 actions of the neck (cervical spine) - Correct Answer Flexion
Extension
Lateral flexion
Rotation
Describe the action of shoulder flexion and extension. - Correct Answer Arm reaches up
overhead (vertical flexion)
Arm reaches back behind the body (vertical extension)
Describe the actions of shoulder abduction and adduction. - Correct Answer Arm moves
away from the midline (abduction)
Arm moves towards the midline (adduction)
Can also do horizontally as in when client is supine.
Describe the actions of internal rotation and external rotation of the shoulder. - Correct
Answer Internal rotation - palm moves toward the body.
External rotation - palm moves away from the body.
Describe the actions of protraction and retraction of the scapula. - Correct Answer
protraction - scapular borders moves away from the midline (the spine)
Retraction - scapular boarders moves toward the midline (the spine)
