Test Bank: Psychology Applied to Modern Life Adjustment in
the 21st Century 12th Edition by Weiten - Ch. 1-16,
9781305968479, with Rationales
In spite of countless time-saving devices—automobiles, telephones, photocopiers, fax machines, and
so on—most of us complain about a relative lack of
a. time.
b. money.
c. information.
d. work. - ANSWER:time
Technology has enabled humankind to exercise unprecedented control over many aspects of the
physical world but at the same time has also created serious
a. environmental problems.
b. microscopic defects.
c. medical costs.
d. under-consumption. - ANSWER:environmental problems
Many theorists believe that the basic challenge of modern life has become the search for
a. cultural significance.
b. a healthy leisure activity.
c. meaning or a sense of direction.
d. a significant other to share one's life. - ANSWER:meaning or a sense of direction
The term __________ refers to the psychological processes through which people manage or cope
with the demands and challenges of everyday life.
a. adaptation
b. adjustment
c. personality
d. mental health - ANSWER:adjustment
Which of the following is the best definition of psychology?
a. The study of consciousness
b. The study of behavior and the profession that applies knowledge from these studies to solving
practical problems
c. The study of abnormal behavior and the profession that applies knowledge from these studies to
diagnosing and treating people with mental illness
d. The study of motivation, emotion, and memory - ANSWER:The study of behavior and the
profession that applies knowledge from these studies to solving practical problems
Some psychologists prefer to study animals rather than humans mainly because
a. animal subjects tend to be more cooperative than humans.
b. it's easier to control the factors influencing animals' behavior.
c. researchers do not have to worry about causing discomfort to animals.
d. most animals are unable to figure out the hypotheses for a particular study. - ANSWER:it's easier to
control the factors influencing animals' behavior
______________ is the premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation.
a. Self-help
b. Codependence
c. Empiricism
d. Subjectivism - ANSWER:Empiricism
, Compared to other methods of drawing conclusions about behavior, the major advantages of the
scientific approach are
a. emphasis on empiricism; subjectivity.
b. bias; ability to generalize the findings.
c. clarity and precision; relative intolerance of error.
d. freedom to make value judgments; use of statistics. - ANSWER:emphasis on empiricism; subjectivity
A researcher wants to determine whether diet causes children to learn better in school. In this study,
the independent variable is
a. the children.
b. the type of diet.
c. the age of the children.
d. a measure of learning. - ANSWER:the type of diet
A condition or event that an experimenter varies to see its impact on another variable is called a(n)
______ variable.
a. control
b. dependent
c. independent
d. experimental - ANSWER:independent
The experimental and control groups should be the same in every aspect except for
a. the number of subjects in each group.
b. the variation created by the manipulation of the independent variable.
c. the assumptions underlying the research question.
d. the method of measuring the dependent variable. - ANSWER:the variation created by the
manipulation of the independent variable
Which of the following is the primary advantage of the experimental method?
a. It lacks the ethical concerns of other methods.
b. It lacks the practical concerns of other methods.
c. It broadens the scope of what psychologists can study scientifically.
d. It allows scientists to draw cause-and-effect conclusions. - ANSWER:It allows scientists to draw
cause-and-effect conclusions
A(n) ___________ is a numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables.
a. independent variable
b. correlation coefficient
c. survey coefficient
d. experimental coefficient - ANSWER:correlation coefficient
A positive correlation coefficient indicates the two variables covary in the __________ and a negative
coefficient indicates that the variables covary ____________.
a. same direction; in the opposite direction
b. opposite direction; directly
c. same direction; directly
d. opposite direction; in the same direction - ANSWER:same direction; in the opposite direction
When temperatures rise during summer in the desert, the amount of outdoor activities declines. This
relationship is an example of
a. a positive correlation.
b. a negative correlation.
c. cause and effect.
d. an experiment. - ANSWER:negative correlation
the 21st Century 12th Edition by Weiten - Ch. 1-16,
9781305968479, with Rationales
In spite of countless time-saving devices—automobiles, telephones, photocopiers, fax machines, and
so on—most of us complain about a relative lack of
a. time.
b. money.
c. information.
d. work. - ANSWER:time
Technology has enabled humankind to exercise unprecedented control over many aspects of the
physical world but at the same time has also created serious
a. environmental problems.
b. microscopic defects.
c. medical costs.
d. under-consumption. - ANSWER:environmental problems
Many theorists believe that the basic challenge of modern life has become the search for
a. cultural significance.
b. a healthy leisure activity.
c. meaning or a sense of direction.
d. a significant other to share one's life. - ANSWER:meaning or a sense of direction
The term __________ refers to the psychological processes through which people manage or cope
with the demands and challenges of everyday life.
a. adaptation
b. adjustment
c. personality
d. mental health - ANSWER:adjustment
Which of the following is the best definition of psychology?
a. The study of consciousness
b. The study of behavior and the profession that applies knowledge from these studies to solving
practical problems
c. The study of abnormal behavior and the profession that applies knowledge from these studies to
diagnosing and treating people with mental illness
d. The study of motivation, emotion, and memory - ANSWER:The study of behavior and the
profession that applies knowledge from these studies to solving practical problems
Some psychologists prefer to study animals rather than humans mainly because
a. animal subjects tend to be more cooperative than humans.
b. it's easier to control the factors influencing animals' behavior.
c. researchers do not have to worry about causing discomfort to animals.
d. most animals are unable to figure out the hypotheses for a particular study. - ANSWER:it's easier to
control the factors influencing animals' behavior
______________ is the premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation.
a. Self-help
b. Codependence
c. Empiricism
d. Subjectivism - ANSWER:Empiricism
, Compared to other methods of drawing conclusions about behavior, the major advantages of the
scientific approach are
a. emphasis on empiricism; subjectivity.
b. bias; ability to generalize the findings.
c. clarity and precision; relative intolerance of error.
d. freedom to make value judgments; use of statistics. - ANSWER:emphasis on empiricism; subjectivity
A researcher wants to determine whether diet causes children to learn better in school. In this study,
the independent variable is
a. the children.
b. the type of diet.
c. the age of the children.
d. a measure of learning. - ANSWER:the type of diet
A condition or event that an experimenter varies to see its impact on another variable is called a(n)
______ variable.
a. control
b. dependent
c. independent
d. experimental - ANSWER:independent
The experimental and control groups should be the same in every aspect except for
a. the number of subjects in each group.
b. the variation created by the manipulation of the independent variable.
c. the assumptions underlying the research question.
d. the method of measuring the dependent variable. - ANSWER:the variation created by the
manipulation of the independent variable
Which of the following is the primary advantage of the experimental method?
a. It lacks the ethical concerns of other methods.
b. It lacks the practical concerns of other methods.
c. It broadens the scope of what psychologists can study scientifically.
d. It allows scientists to draw cause-and-effect conclusions. - ANSWER:It allows scientists to draw
cause-and-effect conclusions
A(n) ___________ is a numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables.
a. independent variable
b. correlation coefficient
c. survey coefficient
d. experimental coefficient - ANSWER:correlation coefficient
A positive correlation coefficient indicates the two variables covary in the __________ and a negative
coefficient indicates that the variables covary ____________.
a. same direction; in the opposite direction
b. opposite direction; directly
c. same direction; directly
d. opposite direction; in the same direction - ANSWER:same direction; in the opposite direction
When temperatures rise during summer in the desert, the amount of outdoor activities declines. This
relationship is an example of
a. a positive correlation.
b. a negative correlation.
c. cause and effect.
d. an experiment. - ANSWER:negative correlation
