Test Bank: Life-Span Development 17th Edition by John - Ch. 1-
20, 9781259922787, with Rationales
When psychologists speak of life-span development, they are referring to an approach that
emphasizes...
a. child development, specifically
b. humanity's historical development
c. only the periods of the human life span involving growth
d. both the perionds of the human life span involving both growth and those involving decline -
ANSWER:d. both the periods of the human life span involving both growth and those involving decline
Which psychologist contended that "trust versus mistrust" is the first psychological stage?
a. Jean Piaget
b. Erik Erikson
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Lev Vygotsky - ANSWER:b. Erik Eridson
The criticisms of psychoanalytic theory include all of the following ones, EXCEPT:
a. the sexual underpinnings of develop[ment are given too much importance
b. a lack of scientific support
c. too much emphasis on unconscious processes
d. an image of people that is too negative - ANSWER:c. too much emphasis on unconscious processes
Robert Siegler emphasizes that an important aspect of development is:
a. being rewarded for good behaviors
b. actively constructing one's world through assimilation and accommodation
c. learning good strategies for processing information
d. learning through the pairing of a neutral stimulus with a conditioned response - ANSWER:c.
learning good strategies for processing information
The upper boundary of the human life span has historically been, and continues to
be___________years
a. 78
b. 100
c. 110
d. 122 - ANSWER:d. 122
____________is to operant conditioning as______________is to social cognitive theory.
a. Skinner, Bandura
b. Skinner, Pavlov
c. Pavlov, Watson
d. Pavlov, Bandura - ANSWER:a. Skinner, Bandura
The American Psychological Association (APA) has developed ethical guidelines in conducting research
that address four important issues. Which of the following is NOT included?
a. informed consent
b. authorization to release information
c. deception
d. debriefing - ANSWER:b. authorization to release information
During the 20th century, life expectancy increased ___________years.
b. 20
c. 30
d. 35 - ANSWER:c. 30
, In 2005______________of U.S. children were living in families below the poverty line.
a. 19.2%
b. 17.4%
c. 16.4%
d. 22.8% - ANSWER:b. 17.4%
The Minnesota Family Investment Program was designed to:
a. provide parents with education on parenting young children
b. primarily influence the behavior of adults, through employment
c. primarily influence the behavior of children, through early childhood education
d. primarily influence the behavior of the family, through family therapy - ANSWER:b. primarily
influence the behavior of adults, through employment
The pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the life span. Most
development involves growth, although it also includes decline brought on by aging and dying. -
ANSWER:Life-Span Development
The perspective that development is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic,
multidisciplinary, and contextual; involves growth, maintenance, and regulation; and is constructed
through biological sociocultural, and individual factors working together. - ANSWER:Life-Span
perspective
a pattern of change involving growth and decline, beginning at conception and lasting until death. -
ANSWER:Life-Span Development
Life phases: infancy, childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood
- ANSWER:Life-Span Development
-childhood has been of interest for a long time
-adulthood became of interest in the late 1900's - ANSWER:The Historical Perspective
Three Philosophical views of child development: - ANSWER:Original Sin
Taula rasa
inaate goodness
childhood is seen as a special time of growth and change, influenced by childrearing practices,
childhood experiences, and environmental influences. - ANSWER:The historical perspective
the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues through the human life
span. - ANSWER:development
------------------are similar for individuals in a particular age group. These influences include biological
processes such as puberty and menopause. They also include sociocultural, environmental processes
such as beginning formal education (usually at about age 6 in most cultures) and retirement (which
takes place in the fifties and sixties in most cultures) - ANSWER:Normative age-graded influences
Influences that are common to people of a particular generation because of historical circumstances -
ANSWER:Normative history-graded influences
occurrences that have a major impact on the individual's life. - ANSWER:nonnormative life events
encompasses the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a particular group of people
that are passed on from generation to generation - ANSWER:culture
20, 9781259922787, with Rationales
When psychologists speak of life-span development, they are referring to an approach that
emphasizes...
a. child development, specifically
b. humanity's historical development
c. only the periods of the human life span involving growth
d. both the perionds of the human life span involving both growth and those involving decline -
ANSWER:d. both the periods of the human life span involving both growth and those involving decline
Which psychologist contended that "trust versus mistrust" is the first psychological stage?
a. Jean Piaget
b. Erik Erikson
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Lev Vygotsky - ANSWER:b. Erik Eridson
The criticisms of psychoanalytic theory include all of the following ones, EXCEPT:
a. the sexual underpinnings of develop[ment are given too much importance
b. a lack of scientific support
c. too much emphasis on unconscious processes
d. an image of people that is too negative - ANSWER:c. too much emphasis on unconscious processes
Robert Siegler emphasizes that an important aspect of development is:
a. being rewarded for good behaviors
b. actively constructing one's world through assimilation and accommodation
c. learning good strategies for processing information
d. learning through the pairing of a neutral stimulus with a conditioned response - ANSWER:c.
learning good strategies for processing information
The upper boundary of the human life span has historically been, and continues to
be___________years
a. 78
b. 100
c. 110
d. 122 - ANSWER:d. 122
____________is to operant conditioning as______________is to social cognitive theory.
a. Skinner, Bandura
b. Skinner, Pavlov
c. Pavlov, Watson
d. Pavlov, Bandura - ANSWER:a. Skinner, Bandura
The American Psychological Association (APA) has developed ethical guidelines in conducting research
that address four important issues. Which of the following is NOT included?
a. informed consent
b. authorization to release information
c. deception
d. debriefing - ANSWER:b. authorization to release information
During the 20th century, life expectancy increased ___________years.
b. 20
c. 30
d. 35 - ANSWER:c. 30
, In 2005______________of U.S. children were living in families below the poverty line.
a. 19.2%
b. 17.4%
c. 16.4%
d. 22.8% - ANSWER:b. 17.4%
The Minnesota Family Investment Program was designed to:
a. provide parents with education on parenting young children
b. primarily influence the behavior of adults, through employment
c. primarily influence the behavior of children, through early childhood education
d. primarily influence the behavior of the family, through family therapy - ANSWER:b. primarily
influence the behavior of adults, through employment
The pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the life span. Most
development involves growth, although it also includes decline brought on by aging and dying. -
ANSWER:Life-Span Development
The perspective that development is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic,
multidisciplinary, and contextual; involves growth, maintenance, and regulation; and is constructed
through biological sociocultural, and individual factors working together. - ANSWER:Life-Span
perspective
a pattern of change involving growth and decline, beginning at conception and lasting until death. -
ANSWER:Life-Span Development
Life phases: infancy, childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood
- ANSWER:Life-Span Development
-childhood has been of interest for a long time
-adulthood became of interest in the late 1900's - ANSWER:The Historical Perspective
Three Philosophical views of child development: - ANSWER:Original Sin
Taula rasa
inaate goodness
childhood is seen as a special time of growth and change, influenced by childrearing practices,
childhood experiences, and environmental influences. - ANSWER:The historical perspective
the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues through the human life
span. - ANSWER:development
------------------are similar for individuals in a particular age group. These influences include biological
processes such as puberty and menopause. They also include sociocultural, environmental processes
such as beginning formal education (usually at about age 6 in most cultures) and retirement (which
takes place in the fifties and sixties in most cultures) - ANSWER:Normative age-graded influences
Influences that are common to people of a particular generation because of historical circumstances -
ANSWER:Normative history-graded influences
occurrences that have a major impact on the individual's life. - ANSWER:nonnormative life events
encompasses the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a particular group of people
that are passed on from generation to generation - ANSWER:culture
