Test Bank: Introductory Chemistry 9th Edition by Zumdahl - Ch.
1-19, 9781337679909, with Rationales
A solution has a pH of 7.68. We can conclude that
A) the solution is very acidic.
B) the solution is only slightly acidic.
C) the solution is only slightly basic.
D) the solution is very basic. - ANSWER: C) the solution is only slightly basic.
HClO₄ is an Arrhenius acid because
A) it can dissolve in water.
B) it is a polar molecule.
C) it produces hydroxide ions in solution.
D) it produces hydronium ions in solution. - ANSWER: D) it produces hydronium ions in solution.
Consider the reaction below. Which species are the Brønsted-Lowry bases? HCO₃⁻(aq) + CN⁻(aq) ⇌
CO₃²⁻(aq) + HCN(aq)
A) HCO₃⁻, CN⁻
B) CN⁻, HCN
C) CO₃²⁻, CN⁻
D) CO₃²⁻, HCN - ANSWER: C) CO₃²⁻, CN⁻
Consider the reaction below. Which species are the Brønsted-Lowry bases? HPO₄²⁻(aq) + F⁻(aq) ⇌
PO₄³⁻(aq) + HF(aq)
A) PO₄³⁻, HF
B) PO₄³⁻, F⁻
C) F⁻, HF
D) HPO₄²⁻, F⁻ - ANSWER: B) PO₄³⁻, F⁻
Solid barium hydroxide is dissolved in pure water, increasing the pH of the solution to 9.21. What is
the OH⁻ concentration of this solution? - ANSWER: 1.6 × 10⁻⁵ M
To determine the concentration of OH⁻ in the solution with a pH of 9.21, we can first find the pOH of
the solution:
pOH=14.00−pH=4.79
To find the concentration of OH⁻ we can use the relationship:[OH−]=10^−pOH
So if the pOH = 4.79, then
[OH−]=10^−4.79=1.6×10^−5M
Consider the reaction below. Which species are the Brønsted-Lowry acids? HNO₂(aq) + NH₃(aq) ⇌
NH₄⁺(aq) + NO₂⁻(aq)
A) NO₂⁻, NH₄⁺
B) HNO₂, NH₃
C) HNO₂, NH₄⁺
D) NH₃, NH₄⁺ - ANSWER: C) HNO₂, NH₄⁺
A solution has a pH of 13.20. We can conclude that
A) the solution is very acidic.
B) the solution is only slightly acidic.
C) the solution is only slightly basic.
D) The solution is very basic. - ANSWER: D) The solution is very basic.
HI is an Arrhenius acid because
A) it is a polar molecule.
B) it can dissolve in water.
, C) it produces hydronium ions in solution.
D) it produces hydroxide ions in solution. - ANSWER: C) it produces hydronium ions in solution.
The pH of an acidic solution is 2.11. What is [H⁺]? - ANSWER: 7.8 × 10⁻³ M
To determine the concentration of H+ in the solution, use the relationship:
[H+]=10^−pH
So if the pH = 2.11, then[H+]=10^−2.11=7.8×10^− 3 M
Write the acidic equilibrium equation for HBrO. - ANSWER: HBrO(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + BrO⁻(aq)
A solution has a pOH of 1.47. This tells us
A) the solution is very acidic.
B) the solution is only slightly acidic.
C) the solution is only slightly basic.
D) the solution is very basic. - ANSWER: D) the solution is very basic.
Write the acidic equilibrium equation for HNO₂ - ANSWER: HNO₂(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + NO₂⁻(aq)
Which of the following species contains manganese with the highest oxidation number?
A) Mn
B) MnF₂
C) Mn₃(PO₄)₂
D) MnCl₄
E) NaMnO₄ - ANSWER: E) NaMnO₄
In which of the following species does sulfur have the lowest oxidation number?
A) S²⁻
B) S₈
C) SO₃²⁻
D) SO₄²⁻
E) S₂O₃²⁻ - ANSWER: A) S²⁻
Write a balanced chemical equation based on the following description: solid sulfur and oxygen gas
react to produce sulfur dioxide gas - ANSWER: S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g)
Write a balanced chemical equation based on the following description: propane gas and oxygen gas
react to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. - ANSWER: C₃H₈(g) + 5 O₂(g) → 3 CO₂(g) + 4
H₂O(g)
Which choice correctly identifies the oxidation number (O.N.) for the given species?
A) Mn²⁺, O.N. = 0
B) Ca, O.N. = +2
C) F₂, O.N. = -1
D) Se²⁻, O.N. -2
E) P₄, O.N. = -1 - ANSWER: D) Se²⁻, O.N. -2
Considering the redox reaction Sn⁴⁺ + Mn → Mn²⁺ + Sn, how many electrons are transferred in the
balanced reaction? - ANSWER: 4
Write a balanced chemical equation based on the following description: propanol, C₃H₇OH(l) burns in
air to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor - ANSWER: 2 C₃H₇OH(l) + 9 O₂(g) → 6 CO₂(g) +
8 H₂O(g)
Sulfur hexafluoride, SF₆, is a colorless, odorless, extremely potent greenhouse gas. Which of the
following is the correct noble gas electron configuration for S?
A) [Ne]3s¹3p⁵
1-19, 9781337679909, with Rationales
A solution has a pH of 7.68. We can conclude that
A) the solution is very acidic.
B) the solution is only slightly acidic.
C) the solution is only slightly basic.
D) the solution is very basic. - ANSWER: C) the solution is only slightly basic.
HClO₄ is an Arrhenius acid because
A) it can dissolve in water.
B) it is a polar molecule.
C) it produces hydroxide ions in solution.
D) it produces hydronium ions in solution. - ANSWER: D) it produces hydronium ions in solution.
Consider the reaction below. Which species are the Brønsted-Lowry bases? HCO₃⁻(aq) + CN⁻(aq) ⇌
CO₃²⁻(aq) + HCN(aq)
A) HCO₃⁻, CN⁻
B) CN⁻, HCN
C) CO₃²⁻, CN⁻
D) CO₃²⁻, HCN - ANSWER: C) CO₃²⁻, CN⁻
Consider the reaction below. Which species are the Brønsted-Lowry bases? HPO₄²⁻(aq) + F⁻(aq) ⇌
PO₄³⁻(aq) + HF(aq)
A) PO₄³⁻, HF
B) PO₄³⁻, F⁻
C) F⁻, HF
D) HPO₄²⁻, F⁻ - ANSWER: B) PO₄³⁻, F⁻
Solid barium hydroxide is dissolved in pure water, increasing the pH of the solution to 9.21. What is
the OH⁻ concentration of this solution? - ANSWER: 1.6 × 10⁻⁵ M
To determine the concentration of OH⁻ in the solution with a pH of 9.21, we can first find the pOH of
the solution:
pOH=14.00−pH=4.79
To find the concentration of OH⁻ we can use the relationship:[OH−]=10^−pOH
So if the pOH = 4.79, then
[OH−]=10^−4.79=1.6×10^−5M
Consider the reaction below. Which species are the Brønsted-Lowry acids? HNO₂(aq) + NH₃(aq) ⇌
NH₄⁺(aq) + NO₂⁻(aq)
A) NO₂⁻, NH₄⁺
B) HNO₂, NH₃
C) HNO₂, NH₄⁺
D) NH₃, NH₄⁺ - ANSWER: C) HNO₂, NH₄⁺
A solution has a pH of 13.20. We can conclude that
A) the solution is very acidic.
B) the solution is only slightly acidic.
C) the solution is only slightly basic.
D) The solution is very basic. - ANSWER: D) The solution is very basic.
HI is an Arrhenius acid because
A) it is a polar molecule.
B) it can dissolve in water.
, C) it produces hydronium ions in solution.
D) it produces hydroxide ions in solution. - ANSWER: C) it produces hydronium ions in solution.
The pH of an acidic solution is 2.11. What is [H⁺]? - ANSWER: 7.8 × 10⁻³ M
To determine the concentration of H+ in the solution, use the relationship:
[H+]=10^−pH
So if the pH = 2.11, then[H+]=10^−2.11=7.8×10^− 3 M
Write the acidic equilibrium equation for HBrO. - ANSWER: HBrO(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + BrO⁻(aq)
A solution has a pOH of 1.47. This tells us
A) the solution is very acidic.
B) the solution is only slightly acidic.
C) the solution is only slightly basic.
D) the solution is very basic. - ANSWER: D) the solution is very basic.
Write the acidic equilibrium equation for HNO₂ - ANSWER: HNO₂(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + NO₂⁻(aq)
Which of the following species contains manganese with the highest oxidation number?
A) Mn
B) MnF₂
C) Mn₃(PO₄)₂
D) MnCl₄
E) NaMnO₄ - ANSWER: E) NaMnO₄
In which of the following species does sulfur have the lowest oxidation number?
A) S²⁻
B) S₈
C) SO₃²⁻
D) SO₄²⁻
E) S₂O₃²⁻ - ANSWER: A) S²⁻
Write a balanced chemical equation based on the following description: solid sulfur and oxygen gas
react to produce sulfur dioxide gas - ANSWER: S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g)
Write a balanced chemical equation based on the following description: propane gas and oxygen gas
react to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. - ANSWER: C₃H₈(g) + 5 O₂(g) → 3 CO₂(g) + 4
H₂O(g)
Which choice correctly identifies the oxidation number (O.N.) for the given species?
A) Mn²⁺, O.N. = 0
B) Ca, O.N. = +2
C) F₂, O.N. = -1
D) Se²⁻, O.N. -2
E) P₄, O.N. = -1 - ANSWER: D) Se²⁻, O.N. -2
Considering the redox reaction Sn⁴⁺ + Mn → Mn²⁺ + Sn, how many electrons are transferred in the
balanced reaction? - ANSWER: 4
Write a balanced chemical equation based on the following description: propanol, C₃H₇OH(l) burns in
air to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor - ANSWER: 2 C₃H₇OH(l) + 9 O₂(g) → 6 CO₂(g) +
8 H₂O(g)
Sulfur hexafluoride, SF₆, is a colorless, odorless, extremely potent greenhouse gas. Which of the
following is the correct noble gas electron configuration for S?
A) [Ne]3s¹3p⁵
