Test Bank for Essential Cell Biology 5th Edition by Alberts |
9780393680379 | Chapter 1-20 |All Chapters with Answers
and Rationals
Central Dogma - ANSWER: Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.
What base is not present in RNA? - ANSWER: T
In RNA what base pairs with a base A? - ANSWER: U
An RNA molecule can fold into complex 3D shapes because - ANSWER: it is single stranded.
All of the RNA in a cell is made by what process? - ANSWER: Transcription
What determines the nucleotide sequence of an RNA strand? - ANSWER: Complementary base pairing
with the DNA template during transcription.
RNA polymerases join nucleotides together through what kind of bond? - ANSWER: Phosphodiester
An RNA chain elongates in what direction? - ANSWER: 5' to 3'
What energy drives the transcription reaction forward? - ANSWER: The hydrolysis of high-energy
bonds of ribonucleoside triphosphates elongation
RNA polymerases can start an RNA chain without a primer. - ANSWER: TRUEEEE
Compared to the error rate of DNA polymerase (1 in 10^7 nucleotides), the error rate of RNA
polymerases is - ANSWER: much greater because there is less need for perfection.
Some genes do not encode proteins, but instead encode functional RNA. - ANSWER: TRUE
To begin transcription, RNA polymerase recognizes nucleotide sequences in what region of the DNA? -
ANSWER: Promoter region
At which site on the DNA of a gene does RNA polymerase release its newly made RNA? - ANSWER:
Terminator
What is the name of the subunit of bacterial RNA polymease that recognizes the promoter of a gene?
- ANSWER: Sigma Factor
In eukaryotes, what must assemble at a promoter before RNA polymerase can transcribe a gene? -
ANSWER: General transcription factors
The assembly of general transcription factors to a eukaryotic promoter beings at what site in a
promoter? - ANSWER: TATA Box
Bacterial mRNAs - ANSWER: are transcribed and translated simultaneously.
Eukaryotic mRNAs - ANSWER: are translated after they are exported from the nucleus.
What increases the stability of eukaryotic mRNAs? - ANSWER: 5'-end cap
poly-A tail
In bacteria, most protein-coding genes lack introns. - ANSWER: TRUEEE
9780393680379 | Chapter 1-20 |All Chapters with Answers
and Rationals
Central Dogma - ANSWER: Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.
What base is not present in RNA? - ANSWER: T
In RNA what base pairs with a base A? - ANSWER: U
An RNA molecule can fold into complex 3D shapes because - ANSWER: it is single stranded.
All of the RNA in a cell is made by what process? - ANSWER: Transcription
What determines the nucleotide sequence of an RNA strand? - ANSWER: Complementary base pairing
with the DNA template during transcription.
RNA polymerases join nucleotides together through what kind of bond? - ANSWER: Phosphodiester
An RNA chain elongates in what direction? - ANSWER: 5' to 3'
What energy drives the transcription reaction forward? - ANSWER: The hydrolysis of high-energy
bonds of ribonucleoside triphosphates elongation
RNA polymerases can start an RNA chain without a primer. - ANSWER: TRUEEEE
Compared to the error rate of DNA polymerase (1 in 10^7 nucleotides), the error rate of RNA
polymerases is - ANSWER: much greater because there is less need for perfection.
Some genes do not encode proteins, but instead encode functional RNA. - ANSWER: TRUE
To begin transcription, RNA polymerase recognizes nucleotide sequences in what region of the DNA? -
ANSWER: Promoter region
At which site on the DNA of a gene does RNA polymerase release its newly made RNA? - ANSWER:
Terminator
What is the name of the subunit of bacterial RNA polymease that recognizes the promoter of a gene?
- ANSWER: Sigma Factor
In eukaryotes, what must assemble at a promoter before RNA polymerase can transcribe a gene? -
ANSWER: General transcription factors
The assembly of general transcription factors to a eukaryotic promoter beings at what site in a
promoter? - ANSWER: TATA Box
Bacterial mRNAs - ANSWER: are transcribed and translated simultaneously.
Eukaryotic mRNAs - ANSWER: are translated after they are exported from the nucleus.
What increases the stability of eukaryotic mRNAs? - ANSWER: 5'-end cap
poly-A tail
In bacteria, most protein-coding genes lack introns. - ANSWER: TRUEEE
