Biochem Exam 3
Glucuronidation (also known as glucuronosylation) is a process of modifying
_____________ to form ____________ for attachment to substrate for the specific
purpose of ____________. - ANSWER: glucose, glucuronic acid, solubilization
A ceramide is the basic unit of which class of lipids specifically? - ANSWER:
sphingolipid
Which of the following directly impact membrane fluidity. Select all that apply. -
ANSWER: Number of double bonds in fatty acid chains
Rotation of fatty acid aliphatic chains
Cholesterol
Number of carbons in the fatty acid chains
Which of the following is indicated prior to the colon in fatty acid nomenclature? -
ANSWER: The number of carbons total in the fatty acid
Lipids are the most diverse group of macromolecules structurally. What is the one
aspect of importance when grouping lipids? - ANSWER: Insolubility in water
Which of the following class of lipids is specifically known as ceramide
monosaccharides? - ANSWER: Cerebrosides
Match the following with the best description.
Vesicle Fusion
Transmembrane Protein Synthesis
Glycoprotein Processing
Mediate Endocytosis - ANSWER: SNAREs
Secretory Pathway
Golgi Apparatus
Caveolae
Concerning the thermodynamics of membrane transport, which of the following
statements is inaccurate? - ANSWER: Symporters function in active transporter
, Consider which of the following transporters aid in the maintainance of membrane
potential, based on the interior being more negative than the outside of a membrane.
Check all that apply. - ANSWER: F1-F0 ATPase
Calcium ATPase
Alkaline hydrolysis proceeds through the following steps: - ANSWER: 1. Ionization of
H2O to produce the base hydroxide
2. Deprotonation of 2'-OH by hydroxide
3. Formation of the 2'-oxyanion
4. Nucleophilic attack of the phosphate in the phosphodiester bond
What is the uniqueness of each of the glycerophospholipid - phosphatidylcholine vs
phosphatidylethanolamine; how does this relate to their location in the membrane? -
ANSWER: Head groups in particular that give rise to a unique geometrical shape;
phosphatidylcholine is found in the outer membrane leaflet, while
phosphatidylethanolamine allows curvature and is in the inner membrane
Which of the following glycerophospholipids is found in far higher amounts in the inner-
mitochondrial membrane compared to other membranes in which it is present? -
ANSWER: Cardiolipin
What is unique about a particular glycerophospholipid found in the inner mitochondrial
membrane (cardiolipin)? - ANSWER: Promotes respiratory chain function
Where is the action of flippases, floppases, and scramblases observed? Why is this
important? - ANSWER: Golgi - allows for assymmetry
Flippases are characterized as _____________ active transporters - ANSWER: P-Type
Floppases are characterized as ___________ active transporters - ANSWER: ABC
Which of the following assembles at the ER to allow for transport to the golgi? -
ANSWER: COPII
What does PLA2 serve to do? - ANSWER: Produce polyunsaturated fatty acids
Archadonic acid is used to produce eicosanoids that can have all but which of the
following functions? - ANSWER: Phospholipase activity
Gluconolactone is a(n) _________________________, classified as a(n)
_______________, that cyclizes to produce a(n) ___________________. - ANSWER:
C-1 oxidized derivative of glucose, Aldonic acid, Ester of gluconic acid
Cyclization of gluconolactone occurs via which of the following mechanisms: -
ANSWER: C5-OH serving in nucleophilic attack of C1-carboxylic acid
Glucuronidation (also known as glucuronosylation) is a process of modifying
_____________ to form ____________ for attachment to substrate for the specific
purpose of ____________. - ANSWER: glucose, glucuronic acid, solubilization
A ceramide is the basic unit of which class of lipids specifically? - ANSWER:
sphingolipid
Which of the following directly impact membrane fluidity. Select all that apply. -
ANSWER: Number of double bonds in fatty acid chains
Rotation of fatty acid aliphatic chains
Cholesterol
Number of carbons in the fatty acid chains
Which of the following is indicated prior to the colon in fatty acid nomenclature? -
ANSWER: The number of carbons total in the fatty acid
Lipids are the most diverse group of macromolecules structurally. What is the one
aspect of importance when grouping lipids? - ANSWER: Insolubility in water
Which of the following class of lipids is specifically known as ceramide
monosaccharides? - ANSWER: Cerebrosides
Match the following with the best description.
Vesicle Fusion
Transmembrane Protein Synthesis
Glycoprotein Processing
Mediate Endocytosis - ANSWER: SNAREs
Secretory Pathway
Golgi Apparatus
Caveolae
Concerning the thermodynamics of membrane transport, which of the following
statements is inaccurate? - ANSWER: Symporters function in active transporter
, Consider which of the following transporters aid in the maintainance of membrane
potential, based on the interior being more negative than the outside of a membrane.
Check all that apply. - ANSWER: F1-F0 ATPase
Calcium ATPase
Alkaline hydrolysis proceeds through the following steps: - ANSWER: 1. Ionization of
H2O to produce the base hydroxide
2. Deprotonation of 2'-OH by hydroxide
3. Formation of the 2'-oxyanion
4. Nucleophilic attack of the phosphate in the phosphodiester bond
What is the uniqueness of each of the glycerophospholipid - phosphatidylcholine vs
phosphatidylethanolamine; how does this relate to their location in the membrane? -
ANSWER: Head groups in particular that give rise to a unique geometrical shape;
phosphatidylcholine is found in the outer membrane leaflet, while
phosphatidylethanolamine allows curvature and is in the inner membrane
Which of the following glycerophospholipids is found in far higher amounts in the inner-
mitochondrial membrane compared to other membranes in which it is present? -
ANSWER: Cardiolipin
What is unique about a particular glycerophospholipid found in the inner mitochondrial
membrane (cardiolipin)? - ANSWER: Promotes respiratory chain function
Where is the action of flippases, floppases, and scramblases observed? Why is this
important? - ANSWER: Golgi - allows for assymmetry
Flippases are characterized as _____________ active transporters - ANSWER: P-Type
Floppases are characterized as ___________ active transporters - ANSWER: ABC
Which of the following assembles at the ER to allow for transport to the golgi? -
ANSWER: COPII
What does PLA2 serve to do? - ANSWER: Produce polyunsaturated fatty acids
Archadonic acid is used to produce eicosanoids that can have all but which of the
following functions? - ANSWER: Phospholipase activity
Gluconolactone is a(n) _________________________, classified as a(n)
_______________, that cyclizes to produce a(n) ___________________. - ANSWER:
C-1 oxidized derivative of glucose, Aldonic acid, Ester of gluconic acid
Cyclization of gluconolactone occurs via which of the following mechanisms: -
ANSWER: C5-OH serving in nucleophilic attack of C1-carboxylic acid
