BIOL 114 Lilah Landry Exam 4 (Answered) 184
Questions and Correct Answers With Verified Solutions,
100% Correct. Updated Fall 2024/2025.
3 divisions of the nervous system
-CNS
-PNS
-ENS
CNS
-central nervous system
-brain and spinal cord
PNS
-peripheral nervous system
-all nervous tissue not CNS, ENS
ENS
-enteric nervous system
-digestive tract
Peripheral Nervous System Divisions
-sensory (afferent) division
-motor (efferent) division
-effectors
Sensory (afferent) division
brings in for from the PNS to the CNS
Motor (efferent) division
brings motor commands from the CNS to peripheral systems
Effectors
are target organs and tissues that respond
Neuron
3 main structural components:
-dendrites
-cell body (soma)
-axon
,Synapse
Site of communication between a neuron and another cell
Presynaptic cell
usually neuron
Postsynaptic cell
any type of cell
True
-no centrioles = no mitosis
T/F: CNS neurons are seldom replaced
Anaxonic neurons
small, dendrites and axons look alike
-brain, special sense organs
Bipolar neurons
-2 distinct processes
-rare
-special sense organs
Unipolar neurons
-side body to side
-sensory neurons of the PNS
Multipolar neurons
2+ dendrites, 1 axon
-most common in CNS
-motor neurons
Functional classification of neurons
-sensory
-interneurons
-motor
Sensory neurons
sense, bring in sensations
Interneurons
interpret
Motor neurons
, respond, send out commands
Neuroglia (glial cells) CNS
support and protect neurons
-Oligodendrocytes
-Astrocytes
-Microglia
-Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes
produces Myelin- speeds nerve impulse
Astrocytes
protects CNS from chemicals and hormones in the blood
Microglia
removes debris, waste, pathogens
Ependymal cells
lines fluid- filled passageways
White matter
myelinated axons
Grey matter
Unmyelinated axons, dendrites, cell bodies
Neuroglia (glial cells) PNS
support and protect neurons
-Satellite cells
-Schwann cells
Satellite cells
-surround cell body
-regulate the environment
Schwann cells
-cover the axon
-assist in axon repair: Wallerian Degeneration
Resting membrane potential
leak channels
~chemical gradient-amount of ions
Questions and Correct Answers With Verified Solutions,
100% Correct. Updated Fall 2024/2025.
3 divisions of the nervous system
-CNS
-PNS
-ENS
CNS
-central nervous system
-brain and spinal cord
PNS
-peripheral nervous system
-all nervous tissue not CNS, ENS
ENS
-enteric nervous system
-digestive tract
Peripheral Nervous System Divisions
-sensory (afferent) division
-motor (efferent) division
-effectors
Sensory (afferent) division
brings in for from the PNS to the CNS
Motor (efferent) division
brings motor commands from the CNS to peripheral systems
Effectors
are target organs and tissues that respond
Neuron
3 main structural components:
-dendrites
-cell body (soma)
-axon
,Synapse
Site of communication between a neuron and another cell
Presynaptic cell
usually neuron
Postsynaptic cell
any type of cell
True
-no centrioles = no mitosis
T/F: CNS neurons are seldom replaced
Anaxonic neurons
small, dendrites and axons look alike
-brain, special sense organs
Bipolar neurons
-2 distinct processes
-rare
-special sense organs
Unipolar neurons
-side body to side
-sensory neurons of the PNS
Multipolar neurons
2+ dendrites, 1 axon
-most common in CNS
-motor neurons
Functional classification of neurons
-sensory
-interneurons
-motor
Sensory neurons
sense, bring in sensations
Interneurons
interpret
Motor neurons
, respond, send out commands
Neuroglia (glial cells) CNS
support and protect neurons
-Oligodendrocytes
-Astrocytes
-Microglia
-Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes
produces Myelin- speeds nerve impulse
Astrocytes
protects CNS from chemicals and hormones in the blood
Microglia
removes debris, waste, pathogens
Ependymal cells
lines fluid- filled passageways
White matter
myelinated axons
Grey matter
Unmyelinated axons, dendrites, cell bodies
Neuroglia (glial cells) PNS
support and protect neurons
-Satellite cells
-Schwann cells
Satellite cells
-surround cell body
-regulate the environment
Schwann cells
-cover the axon
-assist in axon repair: Wallerian Degeneration
Resting membrane potential
leak channels
~chemical gradient-amount of ions
