N3035- Fluid and Electrolytes UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
sodium - Correct Answer- ____ imbalance: neurological symptoms
potassium - Correct Answer- ____ imbalance: cardiac, GI, musculoskeletal system
manifestations
kidneys - Correct Answer- the fluids and electrolytes we eat/drink are excreted or reabsorbed
through the ____
sodium, potassium - Correct Answer- ____ is kept in the extracellular compartment, while
____ is kept in the intracellular compartment
blood volume - Correct Answer- sodium maintains ___ ___ by regulating water and osmotic
pressure
you will always see an imbalance in fluids if there is an imbalance in sodium, and vice versa
nerve - Correct Answer- sodium maintains proper ____ transmissions for skeletal muscle and
brain functioning
if there is a sodium imbalance, symptoms will always affect the brain
calcium - Correct Answer- sodium is needed for the excretion of ___ through the kidneys
normal saline - Correct Answer- hypercalcemia standard treatment is to give ___ ___ IV
therapy
chloride - Correct Answer- sodium and ___ are directly related
if one is high/low, the other will be too
,hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis - Correct Answer- when you give a large amount of
normal saline solution (has good amount of sodium and chloride), you are at risk for giving
patients ___ ___ ___, which can lead to kidney injuries if not resolved
hypernatremia - Correct Answer- fluid volume overload with _____:
-based on principle that water follows salt
-commonly seen in excessive salt ingestion
dilutional - Correct Answer- fluid volume overload with hyponatremia:
-aka _____ hyponatremia
-due to excessive fluids in the body
-dilutes sodium
-seen with conditions such as heart failure or treatment with hypotonic solutions
hypertonic dehydration - Correct Answer- fluid volume deficit with hypernatremia:
-there is more fluid loss than sodium loss
-also called ____ ____
diuretic - Correct Answer- fluid volume deficit with hyponatremia:
-there is loss of both fluid and sodium
-seen in conditions such as _____ therapy
, solvent - Correct Answer- the body is composed of fluids and particles dissolved or
suspended in water; the fluid portion is called a ____
solutes - Correct Answer- particles dissolved or suspended in water
electrolytes - Correct Answer- solutes that express an overall electrical charge
electrolytes, 40 - Correct Answer- extracellular compartment:
-contains extracellular fluids and ____
-fluid is outside of the cell (___%)
blood plasma, interstitial - Correct Answer- extracellular fluid (ECF) is divided into ___ ___
and ____ fluid
interstitial fluid - Correct Answer- fluid in between the cells of the body
blood plasma - Correct Answer- fluid in the vascular spaces (veins/arteries)
intracellular compartment - Correct Answer- -contains intracellular fluid and electrolytes
-fluid is inside the cell (60%)
intracellular - Correct Answer- ___ fluid constitutes most of the body's fluid (approximately
2/3)
electrolyte homeostasis - Correct Answer- balance between dietary intake of electrolytes and
renal excretion or reabsorption of electrolytes
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
sodium - Correct Answer- ____ imbalance: neurological symptoms
potassium - Correct Answer- ____ imbalance: cardiac, GI, musculoskeletal system
manifestations
kidneys - Correct Answer- the fluids and electrolytes we eat/drink are excreted or reabsorbed
through the ____
sodium, potassium - Correct Answer- ____ is kept in the extracellular compartment, while
____ is kept in the intracellular compartment
blood volume - Correct Answer- sodium maintains ___ ___ by regulating water and osmotic
pressure
you will always see an imbalance in fluids if there is an imbalance in sodium, and vice versa
nerve - Correct Answer- sodium maintains proper ____ transmissions for skeletal muscle and
brain functioning
if there is a sodium imbalance, symptoms will always affect the brain
calcium - Correct Answer- sodium is needed for the excretion of ___ through the kidneys
normal saline - Correct Answer- hypercalcemia standard treatment is to give ___ ___ IV
therapy
chloride - Correct Answer- sodium and ___ are directly related
if one is high/low, the other will be too
,hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis - Correct Answer- when you give a large amount of
normal saline solution (has good amount of sodium and chloride), you are at risk for giving
patients ___ ___ ___, which can lead to kidney injuries if not resolved
hypernatremia - Correct Answer- fluid volume overload with _____:
-based on principle that water follows salt
-commonly seen in excessive salt ingestion
dilutional - Correct Answer- fluid volume overload with hyponatremia:
-aka _____ hyponatremia
-due to excessive fluids in the body
-dilutes sodium
-seen with conditions such as heart failure or treatment with hypotonic solutions
hypertonic dehydration - Correct Answer- fluid volume deficit with hypernatremia:
-there is more fluid loss than sodium loss
-also called ____ ____
diuretic - Correct Answer- fluid volume deficit with hyponatremia:
-there is loss of both fluid and sodium
-seen in conditions such as _____ therapy
, solvent - Correct Answer- the body is composed of fluids and particles dissolved or
suspended in water; the fluid portion is called a ____
solutes - Correct Answer- particles dissolved or suspended in water
electrolytes - Correct Answer- solutes that express an overall electrical charge
electrolytes, 40 - Correct Answer- extracellular compartment:
-contains extracellular fluids and ____
-fluid is outside of the cell (___%)
blood plasma, interstitial - Correct Answer- extracellular fluid (ECF) is divided into ___ ___
and ____ fluid
interstitial fluid - Correct Answer- fluid in between the cells of the body
blood plasma - Correct Answer- fluid in the vascular spaces (veins/arteries)
intracellular compartment - Correct Answer- -contains intracellular fluid and electrolytes
-fluid is inside the cell (60%)
intracellular - Correct Answer- ___ fluid constitutes most of the body's fluid (approximately
2/3)
electrolyte homeostasis - Correct Answer- balance between dietary intake of electrolytes and
renal excretion or reabsorption of electrolytes
