PNR 106/ PNR106 Exam 1 Foundations of Nursing Guide (100 OUT OF 100) Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update) Fortis

PNR 106/ PNR106 Exam 1 Foundations of Nursing Guide (100 OUT OF 100) Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update) Fortis Risk management in facilities (Chapter 10, Page 138): • Involves managing areas to decrease risk of harm to patients, prevent lawsuits, minimize excessive damages, and prevent unfavorable events to reduce liability. 3-year-old hitting and biting sibling - Nurse intervention (Chapter 11, Page 151): • Use time-out. Different types of leadership styles (Page 130): • Laissez-faire: Encourages independence. • Autocratic leader: Controls the team. • Democratic: Encourages staff participation. Discharge planning begins at admission (Page 306): • Follow-up appointment with primary care provider. • Ensure they have supplies for at least one day. Erikson’s stages of development (Chapter 12, Page 144): • Ages 6-12 years: Focuses on competence, ability to learn, and work. Feeding your baby (Page 139): • Breast milk or formula for the first six months. Shea’s developmental theory (Chapter 12, Page 161): • Achievement stage: Need to learn and use abilities. • Responsibility stage: Middle adulthood focuses on job and family. • Executive substage: Important responsibilities, such as managing a company. Newborn development (Page 147): • Average weight: 7-7.5 lbs, length: 20-21 inches. • Eye color develops by 9-11 months. • Requires stimulation. • Low birth weight: 5.5 lbs; high birth weight: 8.8 lbs. Factors affecting patient teaching (Page 122): • Poor vision, hearing impairment, motor function, age, stress, and illness. Common chronic problems (Page 175): • Hypertension, arthritis, and heart disease. Object permanence: • Understanding that an object continues to exist even when it is not visible. Therapeutic communication with the elderly: • Use open-ended questions and focus on emotional responses. Debriefing strategies for communication: • Include briefing, call-out, check-back, call-out, and debrief. Teaching an elderly client: • Ensure good lighting, written materials, glasses, hearing aids. Speak slowly, use short sentences, minimize medical jargon, ask questions, allow time for responses, and repeat important points. Herbal remedies: • Black cohosh: Menopause symptoms. • Garlic: Blood pressure, cholesterol, prevents blood clots. • Vitamin E: Slows dementia, prevents heart attacks. • Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate: Maintains cartilage, reduces arthritis symptoms. • Evening primrose: Treats dry skin, menopause symptoms. • Ginkgo: Improves brain blood flow, reduces forgetfulness. Theorists: How children learn and adapt to the environment: • Freud: Psychosexual stages of development. • Erikson: Psychosocial development. • Piaget: Cognitive development. Learning styles: • Visual: Through what they see. • Aural: Through what they hear. • Kinesthetic: Through hands-on tasks. • Cognitive domain: Listening or reading. • Affective domain: Beliefs, feelings, and values. • Psychomotor domain: Performing actions or tasks. Self-exam for cancer detection: • Monthly exams for both men and women. Learning styles in children (Piaget): • Problem-solving and curiosity. Goal of patient education: • The ultimate goal is wellness. Elder abuse: • Includes neglect. Those over 80 are at greater risk. Report to a supervisor, especially in long-term care settings. Optimal patient teaching: • Avoid teaching during pain, nausea, or right after medication administration. Present information calmly, avoid interruptions, and reinforce key points at the end of the session. Same-day surgery: • Outpatient procedure; discharge occurs once the patient can drink fluids, urinate, and is stable to go home. Conflict resolution: • Listen to all sides and select an option for the best outcome. Wound care teaching: • Teach self-care, provide handouts, identify support systems, involve home health, and use the teach-back method. Delegating a task to a UAP: • The nurse is ultimately responsible. Ensure the task is within the UAP’s scope of practice. Electrical belongings brought by patients: • Call biomed or maintenance to check and label them. Health promotion for older adults: • Healthy diet, exercise, physical exams, and smoking cessation. Greeting a patient: • Use first and last names. Deaths requiring autopsies: • Suspicious, sudden, unexpected deaths, homicides, or cases where the patient hasn’t been seen by a physician. RN assessment vs. LPN duties: • RNs conduct assessments. LPNs take vitals, record weight, and update medication lists. Evaluating the effectiveness of patient teaching: • Use return demonstrations. Child abuse indicators: • Bruises; report to the charge nurse. Pre-op teaching for children: • Use dolls and toys. Parallel play in children: • 18 months to 3 years. Patient leaving AMA: • Insurance might not cover their care. Have them sign a document, record the time of departure, and document in the medical record. Teaching plan for chronic health conditions: • Includes patient-specific interventions and ongoing education. Most common cause of death in teens: • Accidents, followed by homicide and suicide. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: • Dysfunctional family, limited food intake, excessive exercise. Both are psychological disorders with physical symptoms and long-term effects. Orientation to hospital unit upon admission (Select all that apply): • Call bell, toilet, visiting hours, daily routines, bed, lights, TV, and phone. Older adult safety (Select all that apply): • Bills paid, animals cared for, adult daycare, rehab, transportation, and counseling. UAP duties (Select all that apply): • Applying a condom catheter, hearing aid, cold packs, elastic stockings, warm compresses, and assisting with deep breathing and coughing. Symptoms of menopause: • Hot flashes, dry skin, brittle hair, insomnia, vaginal dryness, mood swings, skipped periods, fatigue, heart palpitations. Transferring a patient to another unit: • Notify and get approval from the primary care provider, inform billing, notify the family, document in the nursing notes.