Air methods critical care exam with verified
solutions
t ,is ,the ,most ,reliable ,method ,of ,confirming ,and ,montioring ,correct ,placement ,of ,an ,ET ,tube? ,- ,corr
ect ,answers-Continuous ,waveform ,capnography
The ,upper ,airway ,consists ,of... ,- ,correct ,answers-Nose, ,Mouth, ,Jaw, ,Oral ,Cavity, ,Pharynx, ,and ,Larynx
No ,gas ,exchange ,occurs ,here ,__________, ,it's ,called ,____________. ,- ,correct ,answers-
Nose ,to ,terminal ,bronchioles, ,anatomical ,dead ,space.
,(2ml/kg ,of ,inspired ,tidal ,volume) ,They ,conduct ,airflow ,towards ,gas ,exchange ,units.
Crycothyroid ,membrane ,- ,correct ,answers-
between ,thyroid ,and ,cricoid, ,avascular ,structure ,that ,connects ,the ,thyroid ,and ,cricoid ,cartilage. ,Site ,
of ,CRiCOTHYROTOMY- ,an ,emergency ,opening ,of ,the ,airway.
A ,PaCO2 ,greater ,than ,45 ,mmHg ,indicates:
A. ,Metabolic ,acidosis.
B. ,Metabolic ,alkalosis.
C. ,Respiratory ,acidosis.
D. ,Respiratory ,alkalosis. ,- ,correct ,answers-C. ,Respiratory ,acidosis
PaCO2 ,normal ,range ,- ,correct ,answers-35-45 ,mm ,Hg ,Less ,than ,35 ,likely ,means ,hyperventilation
Tracheal ,deviation ,AWAY ,from ,the ,affected ,side, ,decreased ,breath ,sounds, ,and ,hyperresonance... ,W
hat's ,happening? ,- ,correct ,answers-Tension ,pneumothorax
,In ,a ,tension ,pneumothorax ,tracheal ,deviation ,goes ,in ,what ,direction? ,- ,correct ,answers-
AWAY ,from ,affected ,side.
Normal ,mean ,pulmonary ,artery ,pressure ,- ,correct ,answers-10-20 ,mmHg
Pulmonary ,hypertension ,is ,a ,mean ,PA ,pressure ,greater ,than... ,- ,correct ,answers-
(PAm) ,greater ,than ,20
Primary ,pulmonary ,hypertension ,- ,correct ,answers-
Idiopathic ,genetic ,disorder ,caused ,by ,abnormal ,structure ,of ,the ,pulmonary ,blood ,vessels
Name ,three ,causes ,of ,secondary ,pulmonary ,hypertension.. ,- ,correct ,answers-
1. ,Passive ,PH- ,the ,result ,of ,back ,pressure. ,Mitral ,Stenosis, ,LV ,systolic ,failure.
2. ,Active ,PH- ,Constriction ,of ,the ,pulmonary ,circuit ,Increased ,volume ,in ,pulmonary ,circuit ,
(i.e. ,congenital ,heart ,disease)
3. ,Obstruction ,as ,in ,Chronic ,recurrent ,PE
TNP ,of ,the ,Pregnant ,patient ,- ,correct ,answers-Resuscitation ,priorities ,are ,the ,same. ,The ,best ,way ,to
,take ,care ,of ,the ,baby ,is ,to ,take ,care ,of ,mama
Mechanisms ,of ,injury ,and ,biomechanics ,the ,most ,common ,cause ,of ,maternal ,injury ,is... ,- ,correct ,an
swers-Blunt ,trauma ,caused ,by ,MVC. ,Second ,is ,BT ,caused ,by ,falls, ,3rd ,is ,violence
fetal ,distress ,is ,an ,early ,sign ,of ,maternal ,distress... ,Why? ,- ,correct ,answers-
Catecholamine ,mediated ,vasoconstriction ,resulting ,from ,blood ,loss ,shunts ,blood ,away ,from ,the ,fetu
s ,to ,the ,mom.
,Fetal ,hypo ,perfusion ,is ,evidenced ,by.... ,- ,correct ,answers-Fetal ,tachycardia ,
(140 ,to ,160+) ,and ,fetal ,bradycardia
The ,FRC ,in ,a ,pregnant ,patient ,is.... ,- ,correct ,answers-
Reduced ,by ,the ,gravid ,uterus ,lifting ,the ,diaphragm.
chest ,tube ,placement ,in ,a ,pregnant ,patient ,is ,1-2 ,spaces ,higher ,- ,correct ,answers-
Because ,of ,the ,lifted ,diaphragm
What ,is ,the ,cause ,of ,physiological ,anemia ,in ,pregnant ,patients? ,- ,correct ,answers-
Hemodilitional ,anemia ,occurs. ,Plasma ,volume ,increases ,30-50%.
Preterm ,Labor ,(PTL) ,- ,correct ,answers-
abruptio ,placentae ,- ,correct ,answers-premature ,separation ,of ,the ,placenta ,from ,the ,uterine ,wall
On ,a ,pregnant ,patient... ,- ,correct ,answers-Chest ,compressions ,must ,be ,higher ,on ,the ,sternum. ,
Any ,preg ,patient ,20 ,weeks ,pregnant ,or ,more ,with ,a ,uterus ,above ,the ,umbilicus ,should ,have ,the ,ute
rus ,left ,laterally ,displaced ,during ,compressions ,to ,avoid ,aortocaval ,compression. ,A ,15 ,degree ,tilt ,of ,
the ,long ,board ,or ,lateral ,displacement.
What ,is ,the ,Maternal ,Fetal ,Triage ,Index? ,- ,correct ,answers-
A ,valid ,reliable ,5 ,level ,triage ,tool ,that ,may ,assist ,in ,the ,triage ,of ,obstetric ,trauma ,patients.
Displacing ,the ,uterus ,off ,the ,vena ,cava ,can ,improve ,CO ,by ,- ,correct ,answers-approximately ,30%!
Continuous ,fetal ,monitoring ,is ,recommended... ,- ,correct ,answers-
for ,all ,pregnant ,patients ,20 ,or ,more ,weeks ,gestation... ,or ,(uterus ,above ,belly ,button).
, Fundal ,height ,measurement ,- ,correct ,answers-
equals ,the ,approximate ,gestational ,age ,in ,weeks, ,until ,week ,32. ,
Belly ,button ,is ,20 ,weeks
Height ,of ,last ,rib ,is ,26 ,weeks ,
costal ,margin ,is ,36 ,weeks
Any ,fundal ,height ,indicating ,23 ,or ,more ,weeks... ,- ,correct ,answers-
at ,the ,last ,rib ,and ,above ,is ,consistent ,with ,a ,viable ,fetus.
What ,type ,of ,blood ,should ,a ,pregnant ,trauma ,patient ,receive? ,- ,correct ,answers-O-NEG ,baybay.
Initiate ,cardiotocography ,in ,any ,mother ,- ,correct ,answers-
20 ,or ,more ,weeks ,gestation, ,must ,be ,monitored ,for ,at ,least ,6 ,hours.
What ,is ,the ,serum ,lab ,test ,that ,detects ,fetal ,red ,cells ,in ,the ,maternal ,circulation? ,- ,correct ,answers-
Kleinhauer ,Bette ,KB ,serum ,test. ,This ,lab ,is ,used ,to ,determine ,if ,hemorrhage ,of ,fetal ,blood ,through ,
the ,placenta ,and ,into ,maternal ,circulation. ,KB ,test ,is ,an ,important ,detector ,of ,abruptio ,placentae, ,p
reterm ,labor ,and ,need ,to ,administer ,Rh ,negative ,globulin ,when ,mom ,is ,Rh ,negative ,and ,fetus ,is ,Rh
,positive.
Continue ,fetal ,monitoring ,for ,a ,minimum ,of ,---- ,hours ,for ,any ,viable ,pregnancy ,and ,up ,to ,_____ ,ho
urs ,if ,there ,is ,abdominal ,trauma ,- ,correct ,answers-6..... ,24
Sonography ,has ,__________ ,for ,diagnosis ,placental ,abruption, ,- ,correct ,answers-
POOR.... ,they ,miss ,50-80% ,of ,abruptions.
In ,addition ,to ,routine ,labs ,a ,- ,correct ,answers-Prothrombin ,(PT ,) ,and ,PTT ,and ,serial ,coags ,should ,be
,drawn. ,Beta ,Human ,Chorionic ,gonadotropin ,(BHCG)
solutions
t ,is ,the ,most ,reliable ,method ,of ,confirming ,and ,montioring ,correct ,placement ,of ,an ,ET ,tube? ,- ,corr
ect ,answers-Continuous ,waveform ,capnography
The ,upper ,airway ,consists ,of... ,- ,correct ,answers-Nose, ,Mouth, ,Jaw, ,Oral ,Cavity, ,Pharynx, ,and ,Larynx
No ,gas ,exchange ,occurs ,here ,__________, ,it's ,called ,____________. ,- ,correct ,answers-
Nose ,to ,terminal ,bronchioles, ,anatomical ,dead ,space.
,(2ml/kg ,of ,inspired ,tidal ,volume) ,They ,conduct ,airflow ,towards ,gas ,exchange ,units.
Crycothyroid ,membrane ,- ,correct ,answers-
between ,thyroid ,and ,cricoid, ,avascular ,structure ,that ,connects ,the ,thyroid ,and ,cricoid ,cartilage. ,Site ,
of ,CRiCOTHYROTOMY- ,an ,emergency ,opening ,of ,the ,airway.
A ,PaCO2 ,greater ,than ,45 ,mmHg ,indicates:
A. ,Metabolic ,acidosis.
B. ,Metabolic ,alkalosis.
C. ,Respiratory ,acidosis.
D. ,Respiratory ,alkalosis. ,- ,correct ,answers-C. ,Respiratory ,acidosis
PaCO2 ,normal ,range ,- ,correct ,answers-35-45 ,mm ,Hg ,Less ,than ,35 ,likely ,means ,hyperventilation
Tracheal ,deviation ,AWAY ,from ,the ,affected ,side, ,decreased ,breath ,sounds, ,and ,hyperresonance... ,W
hat's ,happening? ,- ,correct ,answers-Tension ,pneumothorax
,In ,a ,tension ,pneumothorax ,tracheal ,deviation ,goes ,in ,what ,direction? ,- ,correct ,answers-
AWAY ,from ,affected ,side.
Normal ,mean ,pulmonary ,artery ,pressure ,- ,correct ,answers-10-20 ,mmHg
Pulmonary ,hypertension ,is ,a ,mean ,PA ,pressure ,greater ,than... ,- ,correct ,answers-
(PAm) ,greater ,than ,20
Primary ,pulmonary ,hypertension ,- ,correct ,answers-
Idiopathic ,genetic ,disorder ,caused ,by ,abnormal ,structure ,of ,the ,pulmonary ,blood ,vessels
Name ,three ,causes ,of ,secondary ,pulmonary ,hypertension.. ,- ,correct ,answers-
1. ,Passive ,PH- ,the ,result ,of ,back ,pressure. ,Mitral ,Stenosis, ,LV ,systolic ,failure.
2. ,Active ,PH- ,Constriction ,of ,the ,pulmonary ,circuit ,Increased ,volume ,in ,pulmonary ,circuit ,
(i.e. ,congenital ,heart ,disease)
3. ,Obstruction ,as ,in ,Chronic ,recurrent ,PE
TNP ,of ,the ,Pregnant ,patient ,- ,correct ,answers-Resuscitation ,priorities ,are ,the ,same. ,The ,best ,way ,to
,take ,care ,of ,the ,baby ,is ,to ,take ,care ,of ,mama
Mechanisms ,of ,injury ,and ,biomechanics ,the ,most ,common ,cause ,of ,maternal ,injury ,is... ,- ,correct ,an
swers-Blunt ,trauma ,caused ,by ,MVC. ,Second ,is ,BT ,caused ,by ,falls, ,3rd ,is ,violence
fetal ,distress ,is ,an ,early ,sign ,of ,maternal ,distress... ,Why? ,- ,correct ,answers-
Catecholamine ,mediated ,vasoconstriction ,resulting ,from ,blood ,loss ,shunts ,blood ,away ,from ,the ,fetu
s ,to ,the ,mom.
,Fetal ,hypo ,perfusion ,is ,evidenced ,by.... ,- ,correct ,answers-Fetal ,tachycardia ,
(140 ,to ,160+) ,and ,fetal ,bradycardia
The ,FRC ,in ,a ,pregnant ,patient ,is.... ,- ,correct ,answers-
Reduced ,by ,the ,gravid ,uterus ,lifting ,the ,diaphragm.
chest ,tube ,placement ,in ,a ,pregnant ,patient ,is ,1-2 ,spaces ,higher ,- ,correct ,answers-
Because ,of ,the ,lifted ,diaphragm
What ,is ,the ,cause ,of ,physiological ,anemia ,in ,pregnant ,patients? ,- ,correct ,answers-
Hemodilitional ,anemia ,occurs. ,Plasma ,volume ,increases ,30-50%.
Preterm ,Labor ,(PTL) ,- ,correct ,answers-
abruptio ,placentae ,- ,correct ,answers-premature ,separation ,of ,the ,placenta ,from ,the ,uterine ,wall
On ,a ,pregnant ,patient... ,- ,correct ,answers-Chest ,compressions ,must ,be ,higher ,on ,the ,sternum. ,
Any ,preg ,patient ,20 ,weeks ,pregnant ,or ,more ,with ,a ,uterus ,above ,the ,umbilicus ,should ,have ,the ,ute
rus ,left ,laterally ,displaced ,during ,compressions ,to ,avoid ,aortocaval ,compression. ,A ,15 ,degree ,tilt ,of ,
the ,long ,board ,or ,lateral ,displacement.
What ,is ,the ,Maternal ,Fetal ,Triage ,Index? ,- ,correct ,answers-
A ,valid ,reliable ,5 ,level ,triage ,tool ,that ,may ,assist ,in ,the ,triage ,of ,obstetric ,trauma ,patients.
Displacing ,the ,uterus ,off ,the ,vena ,cava ,can ,improve ,CO ,by ,- ,correct ,answers-approximately ,30%!
Continuous ,fetal ,monitoring ,is ,recommended... ,- ,correct ,answers-
for ,all ,pregnant ,patients ,20 ,or ,more ,weeks ,gestation... ,or ,(uterus ,above ,belly ,button).
, Fundal ,height ,measurement ,- ,correct ,answers-
equals ,the ,approximate ,gestational ,age ,in ,weeks, ,until ,week ,32. ,
Belly ,button ,is ,20 ,weeks
Height ,of ,last ,rib ,is ,26 ,weeks ,
costal ,margin ,is ,36 ,weeks
Any ,fundal ,height ,indicating ,23 ,or ,more ,weeks... ,- ,correct ,answers-
at ,the ,last ,rib ,and ,above ,is ,consistent ,with ,a ,viable ,fetus.
What ,type ,of ,blood ,should ,a ,pregnant ,trauma ,patient ,receive? ,- ,correct ,answers-O-NEG ,baybay.
Initiate ,cardiotocography ,in ,any ,mother ,- ,correct ,answers-
20 ,or ,more ,weeks ,gestation, ,must ,be ,monitored ,for ,at ,least ,6 ,hours.
What ,is ,the ,serum ,lab ,test ,that ,detects ,fetal ,red ,cells ,in ,the ,maternal ,circulation? ,- ,correct ,answers-
Kleinhauer ,Bette ,KB ,serum ,test. ,This ,lab ,is ,used ,to ,determine ,if ,hemorrhage ,of ,fetal ,blood ,through ,
the ,placenta ,and ,into ,maternal ,circulation. ,KB ,test ,is ,an ,important ,detector ,of ,abruptio ,placentae, ,p
reterm ,labor ,and ,need ,to ,administer ,Rh ,negative ,globulin ,when ,mom ,is ,Rh ,negative ,and ,fetus ,is ,Rh
,positive.
Continue ,fetal ,monitoring ,for ,a ,minimum ,of ,---- ,hours ,for ,any ,viable ,pregnancy ,and ,up ,to ,_____ ,ho
urs ,if ,there ,is ,abdominal ,trauma ,- ,correct ,answers-6..... ,24
Sonography ,has ,__________ ,for ,diagnosis ,placental ,abruption, ,- ,correct ,answers-
POOR.... ,they ,miss ,50-80% ,of ,abruptions.
In ,addition ,to ,routine ,labs ,a ,- ,correct ,answers-Prothrombin ,(PT ,) ,and ,PTT ,and ,serial ,coags ,should ,be
,drawn. ,Beta ,Human ,Chorionic ,gonadotropin ,(BHCG)
