Justin Shaffer
Leslie Hendon
Human Anatomy
NINTH EDITION
GLOBAL EDITION
Elaine N. Marieb
Patricia Brady Wilhelm
Jon Mallatt
,Contents
CHAPTER 1 The Human Body: An Orientation 1
CHAPTER 2 Cells: The Living Units 12
CHAPTER 3 Basic Embryology 24
CHAPTER 4 Tissues 33
CHAPTER 5 The Integumentary System 47
CHAPTER 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues 58
CHAPTER 7 Bones, Part 1: The Axial Skeleton 72
CHAPTER 8 Bones, Part 2: The Appendicular Skeleton 85
CHAPTER 9 Joints 96
CHAPTER 10 Skeletal Muscle Tissue 111
CHAPTER 11 Muscles of the Body 123
CHAPTER 12 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue 142
CHAPTER 13 The Central Nervous System 154
CHAPTER 14 The Peripheral Nervous System 169
CHAPTER 15 The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Sensory Neurons 181
CHAPTER 16 The Special Senses 195
CHAPTER 17 The Endocrine System 207
CHAPTER 18 Blood 220
CHAPTER 19 The Heart 231
CHAPTER 20 Blood Vessels 246
CHAPTER 21 The Lymphatic and Immune Systems 260
CHAPTER 22 The Respiratory System 271
,CHAPTER 23 The Digestive System 286
CHAPTER 24 The Urinary System 302
CHAPTER 25 The Reproductive System 314
APPENDIX A Key to Audiovidual Distributors 330
, CHAPTER
The Human Body:
1 An Orientation
Lecture and Demonstration
Objectives
1. Define anatomy and physiology, and describe the subdisciplines of anatomy.
2. Use the meaning of word roots to aid in understanding anatomical terminology.
3. Identify the levels of structural organization in the human body, and explain the interrela-
tionships between each level.
4. List the organ systems of the body, and briefly state the functions.
5. Use metric units to quantify the dimensions of cells, tissues, and organs.
6. Define the anatomical position.
7. Use anatomical terminology to describe body directions, regions, and planes.
8. Describe the basic structures that humans share with other vertebrates.
9. Locate the major body cavities and their subdivisions.
10. Name the four quadrants of the abdomen, and identify the visceral organs located within
each quadrant.
11. Explain how human tissue is prepared and examined for its microscopic structure.
12. Distinguish tissues viewed by light microscopy from those viewed by electron
microscopy.
13. Describe the medical imaging techniques that are used to visualize structures inside the
body.
Suggested Lecture Outline
I. An Overview of Anatomy (pp. 34–38)
A. Subdisciplines of Anatomy (p. 34)
1. Gross anatomy studies the human body structures with the naked eye, and dissection is
the major technique. In systemic anatomy, organs with related functions are studied
together. Professional schools study anatomy by the regional approach: All organs and
structures in a single region are studied as a group. The third subdivision is surface
anatomy, which studies the landmarks on the surface of the body that reveal underly-
ing organs.
2. Microscopic anatomy (also called histology) uses the microscope to study specially
prepared tissue slides.
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