Test Bank For Psychiatric Nursing: Contemporary Practice, 7th
Edition (Ann Boyd, 2022), Chapter 1-43 | 9781975161187 | All
Chapters with Answers and Rationals
Hildegard Peplau - ANSWER: Published Interpersonal Relations in Nursing 1952 & established first
graduate program at Rutgers in 1954
Moral treatment period: - ANSWER: 1790-1900
Dorothea Lynde Dix - ANSWER: -started the humane treatment and expansion of state hospitals -
started in MA and expanded to 20 states
Healthy People 2030: Mental Health and Mental Disorders Objectives - ANSWER: -reduce suicide rate
-reduce suicide attempts by adolescents
-Reduce proportion of adolescents who engage in eating disorders to control weight
-Reduce proportion of people who experience major depressive disorders
*Large emphasis on treatment expansion
Disorders are organized and diagnosed according to the criteria published in - ANSWER: The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)
epidemiology - ANSWER: Studies of patterns of disease distribution and determinants of health within
populations or aggregates and associated factors
Epidemiology terms: RATE - ANSWER: proportion of cases in population/total cases and noncases
(refer to Box 2.1)
Prevalence - ANSWER: total number of people with disorder in a population at a specified time (t)
point prevalence - ANSWER: cases at t/population at t
incidence - ANSWER: rate including only new cases occurring within defined time period (usually 1
year)
public stigma - ANSWER: stereotypes leading to prejudice and discrimination
Self-stigma - ANSWER: negative stereotypes internalized by people with mental illness
label avoidance - ANSWER: avoiding treatment or care in order not to be labeled as being mentally ill
two types of recovery for mental illness - ANSWER: Recovery-oriented care and trauma-informed care
*recovery is the single most important goal
Can Individuals have a mental disorder and experience wellness? - ANSWER: YES
self-awareness - ANSWER: The process of understanding one's own beliefs, thoughts, motivations,
biases, and limitations and recognizing how they affect others
Biopsychosocial self - ANSWER: -Biologic dimension
**Physical characteristics
**Genetic makeup, chronic illness, or unobservable physical disability
-Psychological state
, **Psychological makeup; emotions, motivations, beliefs
**Traumatic experiences
-Social biases
**Sociocultural values
**Cultural beliefs; patterns of communication
If verbal and non verbal communication is contradictory priority should be given to - ANSWER: the
non verbal behavior and gestures
Orientation phase - ANSWER: -First meeting
-Confidentiality
-Testing the relationship
Verbal communication techniques - ANSWER: acceptance, confrontation, doubt, interpretation,
observation, open-ended statements, reflection, restatement, silence, validation
Working phase - ANSWER: -Identification of problems
- Problem solving
Resolution phase - ANSWER: -Problems resolve
-Relationship ends
Motivational Interviewing(MI) - ANSWER: A clinical method intended to engage a patient's own
decision-making ability
MI frame work/OARS - ANSWER: Helps you implement MI into day-to-day interactions with patients
O= Open ended questions
A= Affirmation
R= Reflective listening
S= Summarize and teach back
acute stress - ANSWER: -fight-or-flight" response
-Heart rate/BP/Glucose increase
chronic stress - ANSWER: -"wear and tear" on the body & brain
-Physiologic responses described as General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
--HPA =hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
• Hypothalamus secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
• The pituitary gland increases secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin), which
stimulates secretion of cortisol
• Excessive exposure to cortisol contributes to the dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system
and is an immunosuppressive
allostatic load - ANSWER: Consequence of the wear and tear on the body and brain and leads to ill
health
Social support: three types - ANSWER: 1)emotional
2)Tangible
3)Informational
Emotional support - ANSWER: contributes to a person's feelings of being cared for or loved.
Tangible support - ANSWER: provides a person with additional resources.
Informational support - ANSWER: helps a person view situations in a new light
Edition (Ann Boyd, 2022), Chapter 1-43 | 9781975161187 | All
Chapters with Answers and Rationals
Hildegard Peplau - ANSWER: Published Interpersonal Relations in Nursing 1952 & established first
graduate program at Rutgers in 1954
Moral treatment period: - ANSWER: 1790-1900
Dorothea Lynde Dix - ANSWER: -started the humane treatment and expansion of state hospitals -
started in MA and expanded to 20 states
Healthy People 2030: Mental Health and Mental Disorders Objectives - ANSWER: -reduce suicide rate
-reduce suicide attempts by adolescents
-Reduce proportion of adolescents who engage in eating disorders to control weight
-Reduce proportion of people who experience major depressive disorders
*Large emphasis on treatment expansion
Disorders are organized and diagnosed according to the criteria published in - ANSWER: The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)
epidemiology - ANSWER: Studies of patterns of disease distribution and determinants of health within
populations or aggregates and associated factors
Epidemiology terms: RATE - ANSWER: proportion of cases in population/total cases and noncases
(refer to Box 2.1)
Prevalence - ANSWER: total number of people with disorder in a population at a specified time (t)
point prevalence - ANSWER: cases at t/population at t
incidence - ANSWER: rate including only new cases occurring within defined time period (usually 1
year)
public stigma - ANSWER: stereotypes leading to prejudice and discrimination
Self-stigma - ANSWER: negative stereotypes internalized by people with mental illness
label avoidance - ANSWER: avoiding treatment or care in order not to be labeled as being mentally ill
two types of recovery for mental illness - ANSWER: Recovery-oriented care and trauma-informed care
*recovery is the single most important goal
Can Individuals have a mental disorder and experience wellness? - ANSWER: YES
self-awareness - ANSWER: The process of understanding one's own beliefs, thoughts, motivations,
biases, and limitations and recognizing how they affect others
Biopsychosocial self - ANSWER: -Biologic dimension
**Physical characteristics
**Genetic makeup, chronic illness, or unobservable physical disability
-Psychological state
, **Psychological makeup; emotions, motivations, beliefs
**Traumatic experiences
-Social biases
**Sociocultural values
**Cultural beliefs; patterns of communication
If verbal and non verbal communication is contradictory priority should be given to - ANSWER: the
non verbal behavior and gestures
Orientation phase - ANSWER: -First meeting
-Confidentiality
-Testing the relationship
Verbal communication techniques - ANSWER: acceptance, confrontation, doubt, interpretation,
observation, open-ended statements, reflection, restatement, silence, validation
Working phase - ANSWER: -Identification of problems
- Problem solving
Resolution phase - ANSWER: -Problems resolve
-Relationship ends
Motivational Interviewing(MI) - ANSWER: A clinical method intended to engage a patient's own
decision-making ability
MI frame work/OARS - ANSWER: Helps you implement MI into day-to-day interactions with patients
O= Open ended questions
A= Affirmation
R= Reflective listening
S= Summarize and teach back
acute stress - ANSWER: -fight-or-flight" response
-Heart rate/BP/Glucose increase
chronic stress - ANSWER: -"wear and tear" on the body & brain
-Physiologic responses described as General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
--HPA =hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
• Hypothalamus secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
• The pituitary gland increases secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin), which
stimulates secretion of cortisol
• Excessive exposure to cortisol contributes to the dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system
and is an immunosuppressive
allostatic load - ANSWER: Consequence of the wear and tear on the body and brain and leads to ill
health
Social support: three types - ANSWER: 1)emotional
2)Tangible
3)Informational
Emotional support - ANSWER: contributes to a person's feelings of being cared for or loved.
Tangible support - ANSWER: provides a person with additional resources.
Informational support - ANSWER: helps a person view situations in a new light
