HESI FUNDAMENTALS STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH LATEST UPDATE 2024
Which ,.serum ,.laboratory ,.value ,.should ,.the ,.nurse ,.monitor ,.carefully ,.for ,.a ,.client ,.who ,.has ,.a ,.nasogast
ric ,.(NG) ,.tube ,.to ,.suction ,.for ,.the ,.past ,.week? ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-Sodium
Rationale:
Monitoring ,.serum ,.sodium ,.levels ,.(D) ,.for ,.hyponatremia ,.is ,.indicated ,.during ,.prolonged ,.NG ,.suctioning
,.because ,.of ,.loss ,.of ,.fluids.
When ,.assisting ,.a ,.client ,.from ,.the ,.bed ,.to ,.a ,.chair, ,.which ,.procedure ,.is ,.best ,.for ,.the ,.nurse ,.to ,.follow
? ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-
With ,.the ,.nurse's ,.feet ,.spread ,.apart ,.and ,.knees ,.aligned ,.with ,.the ,.client's ,.knees, ,.stand ,.and ,.pivot ,.th
e ,.client ,.into ,.the ,.chair.
Rationale:
(B) ,.describes ,.the ,.correct ,.positioning ,.of ,.the ,.nurse ,.and ,.affords ,.the ,.nurse ,.a ,.wide ,.base ,.of ,.support ,.
while ,.stabilizing ,.the ,.client's ,.knees ,.when ,.assisting ,.to ,.a ,.standing ,.position. ,.The ,.chair ,.should ,.be ,.plac
ed ,.at ,.a ,.45-degree ,.angle ,.to ,.the ,.bed, ,.with ,.the ,.back ,.of ,.the ,.chair ,.toward ,.the ,.head ,.of ,.the ,.bed
The ,.nurse ,.assesses ,.a ,.2-year-
old ,.who ,.is ,.admitted ,.for ,.dehydration ,.and ,.finds ,.that ,.the ,.peripheral ,.IV ,.rate ,.by ,.gravity ,.has ,.slowed, ,.
even ,.though ,.the ,.venous ,.access ,.site ,.is ,.healthy. ,.What ,.should ,.the ,.nurse ,.do ,.next? ,.- ,.
(correct ,.answer) ,.-Check ,.for ,.kinks ,.in ,.the ,.tubing ,.and ,.raise ,.the ,.IV ,.pole.
Rationale:
The ,.nurse ,.should ,.first ,.check ,.the ,.tubing ,.and ,.height ,.of ,.the ,.bag ,.on ,.the ,.IV ,.pole ,.
(B), ,.which ,.are ,.common ,.factors ,.that ,.may ,.slow ,.the ,.rate. ,.Gravity ,.infusion ,.rates ,.are ,.influenced ,.by ,.t
he ,.height ,.of ,.the ,.bag, ,.tubing ,.clamp ,.closure ,.or ,.kinks, ,.needle ,.size ,.or ,.position, ,.fluid ,.viscosity, ,.client ,
.blood ,.pressure ,.(crying ,.in ,.the ,.pediatric ,.client), ,.and ,.infiltration.
,The ,.nurse ,.is ,.assessing ,.several ,.clients ,.prior ,.to ,.surgery. ,.Which ,.factor ,.in ,.a ,.client's ,.history ,.poses ,.the
,.greatest ,.threat ,.for ,.complications ,.to ,.occur ,.during ,.surgery? ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-
Taking ,.anticoagulants ,.for ,.the ,.past ,.year.
Rationale:
Anticoagulants ,.
(B) ,.increase ,.the ,.risk ,.for ,.bleeding ,.during ,.surgery, ,.which ,.can ,.pose ,.a ,.threat ,.for ,.the ,.development ,.o
f ,.surgical ,.complications. ,.The ,.health ,.care ,.provider ,.should ,.be ,.informed ,.that ,.the ,.client ,.is ,.taking ,.the
se ,.drugs.
The ,.nurse ,.is ,.administering ,.the ,.0900 ,.medications ,.to ,.a ,.client ,.who ,.was ,.admitted ,.during ,.the ,.night. ,.
Which ,.client ,.statement ,.indicates ,.that ,.the ,.nurse ,.should ,.further ,.assess ,.the ,.medication ,.order? ,.- ,.
(correct ,.answer) ,.-"This ,.is ,.a ,.new ,.pill ,.I ,.have ,.never ,.taken ,.before."
Rationale:
The ,.client's ,.recognition ,.of ,.a ,."new" ,.pill ,.requires ,.further ,.assessment ,.
(D) ,.to ,.verify ,.that ,.the ,.medication ,.is ,.correct, ,.if ,.it ,.is ,.a ,.new ,.prescription ,.or ,.a ,.different ,.manufacture
r, ,.or ,.if ,.the ,.client ,.needs ,.further ,.instruction.
Which ,.step(s) ,.should ,.the ,.nurse ,.take ,.when ,.administering ,.ear ,.drops ,.to ,.an ,.adult ,.client? ,.
(Select ,.all ,.that ,.apply.)
,.
A.
,.
Place ,.the ,.client ,.in ,.a ,.side-lying ,.position.
,.
B.
,.
Pull ,.the ,.auricle ,.upward ,.and ,.outward.
,.
C.
,.
,Hold ,.the ,.dropper ,.6 ,.cm ,.above ,.the ,.ear ,.canal.
,.
D.
,.
Place ,.a ,.cotton ,.ball ,.into ,.the ,.inner ,.canal.
,.
E.
,.
Pull ,.the ,.auricle ,.down ,.and ,.back ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-Rationale:
The ,.correct ,.answers ,.
(A ,.and ,.B) ,.are ,.the ,.appropriate ,.administration ,.of ,.ear ,.drops. ,.The ,.dropper ,.should ,.be ,.held ,.1 ,.cm ,.
(½ ,.inch) ,.above ,.the ,.ear ,.canal ,.(C). ,.A ,.cotton ,.ball ,.should ,.be ,.placed ,.in ,.the ,.outermost ,.canal ,.
(D). ,.The ,.auricle ,.is ,.pulled ,.down ,.and ,.back ,.for ,.a ,.child ,.younger ,.than ,.3 ,.years ,.of ,.age, ,.but ,.not ,.an ,.ad
ult ,.(E).
A ,.client ,.has ,.a ,.nursing ,.diagnosis ,.of ,.Altered ,.sleep ,.patterns ,.related ,.to ,.nocturia. ,.Which ,.client ,.instruc
tion ,.is ,.important ,.for ,.the ,.nurse ,.to ,.provide?
A.
,.
Decrease ,.intake ,.of ,.fluids ,.after ,.the ,.evening ,.meal.
,.
B.
,.
Drink ,.a ,.glass ,.of ,.cranberry ,.juice ,.every ,.day.
,.
C.
,.
Drink ,.a ,.glass ,.of ,.warm ,.decaffeinated ,.beverage ,.at ,.bedtime.
, ,.
D.
,.
Consult ,.the ,.health ,.care ,.provider ,.about ,.a ,.sleeping ,.pill. ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-Rationale:
Nocturia ,.is ,.urination ,.during ,.the ,.night. ,.
(A) ,.is ,.helpful ,.to ,.decrease ,.the ,.production ,.of ,.urine, ,.thus ,.decreasing ,.the ,.need ,.to ,.void ,.at ,.night. ,.
(B) ,.helps ,.prevent ,.bladder ,.infections. ,.
(C) ,.may ,.promote ,.sleep, ,.but ,.the ,.fluid ,.will ,.contribute ,.to ,.nocturia. ,.
(D) ,.may ,.result ,.in ,.urinary ,.incontinence ,.if ,.the ,.client ,.is ,.sedated ,.and ,.does ,.not ,.awaken ,.to ,.void.
The ,.nurse ,.teaches ,.the ,.use ,.of ,.a ,.gait ,.belt ,.to ,.a ,.male ,.caregiver ,.whose ,.wife ,.has ,.right-
sided ,.weakness ,.and ,.needs ,.assistance ,.with ,.ambulation. ,.The ,.caregiver ,.performs ,.a ,.return ,.demonstr
ation ,.of ,.the ,.skill. ,.Which ,.observation ,.indicates ,.that ,.the ,.caregiver ,.has ,.learned ,.how ,.to ,.perform ,.this
,.procedure ,.correctly?
Standing ,.on ,.his ,.wife's ,.strong ,.side, ,.the ,.caregiver ,.is ,.ready ,.to ,.hold ,.the ,.gait ,.belt ,.if ,.any ,.evidence ,.of ,
.weakness ,.is ,.observed.
,.
B.
,.
Standing ,.on ,.his ,.wife's ,.weak ,.side, ,.the ,.caregiver ,.provides ,.security ,.by ,.holding ,.the ,.gait ,.belt ,.from ,.th
e ,.back.
,.
C.
,.
Standing ,.behind ,.his ,.wife, ,.the ,.caregiver ,.provides ,.balance ,.by ,.holding ,.both ,.sides ,.of ,.the ,.gait ,.belt.
,.
D.
,.
Standing ,.slightly ,.in ,.front ,.and ,.to ,.the ,.right ,.of ,.his ,.wife, ,.the ,.caregiver ,.guides ,.her ,.forward ,.by ,.gently ,
.pulling ,.on ,.the ,.gait ,.belt. ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-Rationale:
AND ANSWERS WITH LATEST UPDATE 2024
Which ,.serum ,.laboratory ,.value ,.should ,.the ,.nurse ,.monitor ,.carefully ,.for ,.a ,.client ,.who ,.has ,.a ,.nasogast
ric ,.(NG) ,.tube ,.to ,.suction ,.for ,.the ,.past ,.week? ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-Sodium
Rationale:
Monitoring ,.serum ,.sodium ,.levels ,.(D) ,.for ,.hyponatremia ,.is ,.indicated ,.during ,.prolonged ,.NG ,.suctioning
,.because ,.of ,.loss ,.of ,.fluids.
When ,.assisting ,.a ,.client ,.from ,.the ,.bed ,.to ,.a ,.chair, ,.which ,.procedure ,.is ,.best ,.for ,.the ,.nurse ,.to ,.follow
? ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-
With ,.the ,.nurse's ,.feet ,.spread ,.apart ,.and ,.knees ,.aligned ,.with ,.the ,.client's ,.knees, ,.stand ,.and ,.pivot ,.th
e ,.client ,.into ,.the ,.chair.
Rationale:
(B) ,.describes ,.the ,.correct ,.positioning ,.of ,.the ,.nurse ,.and ,.affords ,.the ,.nurse ,.a ,.wide ,.base ,.of ,.support ,.
while ,.stabilizing ,.the ,.client's ,.knees ,.when ,.assisting ,.to ,.a ,.standing ,.position. ,.The ,.chair ,.should ,.be ,.plac
ed ,.at ,.a ,.45-degree ,.angle ,.to ,.the ,.bed, ,.with ,.the ,.back ,.of ,.the ,.chair ,.toward ,.the ,.head ,.of ,.the ,.bed
The ,.nurse ,.assesses ,.a ,.2-year-
old ,.who ,.is ,.admitted ,.for ,.dehydration ,.and ,.finds ,.that ,.the ,.peripheral ,.IV ,.rate ,.by ,.gravity ,.has ,.slowed, ,.
even ,.though ,.the ,.venous ,.access ,.site ,.is ,.healthy. ,.What ,.should ,.the ,.nurse ,.do ,.next? ,.- ,.
(correct ,.answer) ,.-Check ,.for ,.kinks ,.in ,.the ,.tubing ,.and ,.raise ,.the ,.IV ,.pole.
Rationale:
The ,.nurse ,.should ,.first ,.check ,.the ,.tubing ,.and ,.height ,.of ,.the ,.bag ,.on ,.the ,.IV ,.pole ,.
(B), ,.which ,.are ,.common ,.factors ,.that ,.may ,.slow ,.the ,.rate. ,.Gravity ,.infusion ,.rates ,.are ,.influenced ,.by ,.t
he ,.height ,.of ,.the ,.bag, ,.tubing ,.clamp ,.closure ,.or ,.kinks, ,.needle ,.size ,.or ,.position, ,.fluid ,.viscosity, ,.client ,
.blood ,.pressure ,.(crying ,.in ,.the ,.pediatric ,.client), ,.and ,.infiltration.
,The ,.nurse ,.is ,.assessing ,.several ,.clients ,.prior ,.to ,.surgery. ,.Which ,.factor ,.in ,.a ,.client's ,.history ,.poses ,.the
,.greatest ,.threat ,.for ,.complications ,.to ,.occur ,.during ,.surgery? ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-
Taking ,.anticoagulants ,.for ,.the ,.past ,.year.
Rationale:
Anticoagulants ,.
(B) ,.increase ,.the ,.risk ,.for ,.bleeding ,.during ,.surgery, ,.which ,.can ,.pose ,.a ,.threat ,.for ,.the ,.development ,.o
f ,.surgical ,.complications. ,.The ,.health ,.care ,.provider ,.should ,.be ,.informed ,.that ,.the ,.client ,.is ,.taking ,.the
se ,.drugs.
The ,.nurse ,.is ,.administering ,.the ,.0900 ,.medications ,.to ,.a ,.client ,.who ,.was ,.admitted ,.during ,.the ,.night. ,.
Which ,.client ,.statement ,.indicates ,.that ,.the ,.nurse ,.should ,.further ,.assess ,.the ,.medication ,.order? ,.- ,.
(correct ,.answer) ,.-"This ,.is ,.a ,.new ,.pill ,.I ,.have ,.never ,.taken ,.before."
Rationale:
The ,.client's ,.recognition ,.of ,.a ,."new" ,.pill ,.requires ,.further ,.assessment ,.
(D) ,.to ,.verify ,.that ,.the ,.medication ,.is ,.correct, ,.if ,.it ,.is ,.a ,.new ,.prescription ,.or ,.a ,.different ,.manufacture
r, ,.or ,.if ,.the ,.client ,.needs ,.further ,.instruction.
Which ,.step(s) ,.should ,.the ,.nurse ,.take ,.when ,.administering ,.ear ,.drops ,.to ,.an ,.adult ,.client? ,.
(Select ,.all ,.that ,.apply.)
,.
A.
,.
Place ,.the ,.client ,.in ,.a ,.side-lying ,.position.
,.
B.
,.
Pull ,.the ,.auricle ,.upward ,.and ,.outward.
,.
C.
,.
,Hold ,.the ,.dropper ,.6 ,.cm ,.above ,.the ,.ear ,.canal.
,.
D.
,.
Place ,.a ,.cotton ,.ball ,.into ,.the ,.inner ,.canal.
,.
E.
,.
Pull ,.the ,.auricle ,.down ,.and ,.back ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-Rationale:
The ,.correct ,.answers ,.
(A ,.and ,.B) ,.are ,.the ,.appropriate ,.administration ,.of ,.ear ,.drops. ,.The ,.dropper ,.should ,.be ,.held ,.1 ,.cm ,.
(½ ,.inch) ,.above ,.the ,.ear ,.canal ,.(C). ,.A ,.cotton ,.ball ,.should ,.be ,.placed ,.in ,.the ,.outermost ,.canal ,.
(D). ,.The ,.auricle ,.is ,.pulled ,.down ,.and ,.back ,.for ,.a ,.child ,.younger ,.than ,.3 ,.years ,.of ,.age, ,.but ,.not ,.an ,.ad
ult ,.(E).
A ,.client ,.has ,.a ,.nursing ,.diagnosis ,.of ,.Altered ,.sleep ,.patterns ,.related ,.to ,.nocturia. ,.Which ,.client ,.instruc
tion ,.is ,.important ,.for ,.the ,.nurse ,.to ,.provide?
A.
,.
Decrease ,.intake ,.of ,.fluids ,.after ,.the ,.evening ,.meal.
,.
B.
,.
Drink ,.a ,.glass ,.of ,.cranberry ,.juice ,.every ,.day.
,.
C.
,.
Drink ,.a ,.glass ,.of ,.warm ,.decaffeinated ,.beverage ,.at ,.bedtime.
, ,.
D.
,.
Consult ,.the ,.health ,.care ,.provider ,.about ,.a ,.sleeping ,.pill. ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-Rationale:
Nocturia ,.is ,.urination ,.during ,.the ,.night. ,.
(A) ,.is ,.helpful ,.to ,.decrease ,.the ,.production ,.of ,.urine, ,.thus ,.decreasing ,.the ,.need ,.to ,.void ,.at ,.night. ,.
(B) ,.helps ,.prevent ,.bladder ,.infections. ,.
(C) ,.may ,.promote ,.sleep, ,.but ,.the ,.fluid ,.will ,.contribute ,.to ,.nocturia. ,.
(D) ,.may ,.result ,.in ,.urinary ,.incontinence ,.if ,.the ,.client ,.is ,.sedated ,.and ,.does ,.not ,.awaken ,.to ,.void.
The ,.nurse ,.teaches ,.the ,.use ,.of ,.a ,.gait ,.belt ,.to ,.a ,.male ,.caregiver ,.whose ,.wife ,.has ,.right-
sided ,.weakness ,.and ,.needs ,.assistance ,.with ,.ambulation. ,.The ,.caregiver ,.performs ,.a ,.return ,.demonstr
ation ,.of ,.the ,.skill. ,.Which ,.observation ,.indicates ,.that ,.the ,.caregiver ,.has ,.learned ,.how ,.to ,.perform ,.this
,.procedure ,.correctly?
Standing ,.on ,.his ,.wife's ,.strong ,.side, ,.the ,.caregiver ,.is ,.ready ,.to ,.hold ,.the ,.gait ,.belt ,.if ,.any ,.evidence ,.of ,
.weakness ,.is ,.observed.
,.
B.
,.
Standing ,.on ,.his ,.wife's ,.weak ,.side, ,.the ,.caregiver ,.provides ,.security ,.by ,.holding ,.the ,.gait ,.belt ,.from ,.th
e ,.back.
,.
C.
,.
Standing ,.behind ,.his ,.wife, ,.the ,.caregiver ,.provides ,.balance ,.by ,.holding ,.both ,.sides ,.of ,.the ,.gait ,.belt.
,.
D.
,.
Standing ,.slightly ,.in ,.front ,.and ,.to ,.the ,.right ,.of ,.his ,.wife, ,.the ,.caregiver ,.guides ,.her ,.forward ,.by ,.gently ,
.pulling ,.on ,.the ,.gait ,.belt. ,.- ,.(correct ,.answer) ,.-Rationale:
