MCCANCE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CHAPTER 4 EXAM 2024/2025
Genes are composed - Precise Answer ✔✔DNA
genes are located on - Precise Answer ✔✔chromosomes
The most important constituent of DNA is the four types of nitrogenous
bases, which are labeled - Precise Answer ✔✔A, C, G, T
DNA bases code for - Precise Answer ✔✔amino acids, therefore
making proteins
amino acids in DNA are specified by - Precise Answer ✔✔Triplet
codons of nitrogenous bases
DNA replication is based on - Precise Answer ✔✔complementary base
pairing
DNA polymerase is the primary enzyme involved in - Precise Answer
✔✔replication
It adds bases to the new DNA strand and performs
"proofreading" functions
, A mutation is - Precise Answer ✔✔an inherited alteration of genetic
material
Substances that cause mutations are - Precise Answer ✔✔mutagens
The mutation rate in humans - Precise Answer ✔✔ranges from 10-4 to
10-7 per gene, per generation
What is the difference between RNA and DNA? - Precise Answer ✔✔-
RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded
-RNA also has uracil instead of thymine
transcription and translation - Precise Answer ✔✔- occurs in the nucleus
where the mRNA takes a copy of DNA
- occurs in the cytoplasm with the help of ribosomes
- purpose is to produce proteins throughout the body ; DNA codes for
that
Transcription is - Precise Answer ✔✔A base-pairing event. mRNA
takes the code to the ribosome in the cytoplasm where the amino acids
will be assembled.
Much of the RNA sequence is spliced from the mRNA before - Precise
Answer ✔✔the mRNA leaves the nucleus.
CHAPTER 4 EXAM 2024/2025
Genes are composed - Precise Answer ✔✔DNA
genes are located on - Precise Answer ✔✔chromosomes
The most important constituent of DNA is the four types of nitrogenous
bases, which are labeled - Precise Answer ✔✔A, C, G, T
DNA bases code for - Precise Answer ✔✔amino acids, therefore
making proteins
amino acids in DNA are specified by - Precise Answer ✔✔Triplet
codons of nitrogenous bases
DNA replication is based on - Precise Answer ✔✔complementary base
pairing
DNA polymerase is the primary enzyme involved in - Precise Answer
✔✔replication
It adds bases to the new DNA strand and performs
"proofreading" functions
, A mutation is - Precise Answer ✔✔an inherited alteration of genetic
material
Substances that cause mutations are - Precise Answer ✔✔mutagens
The mutation rate in humans - Precise Answer ✔✔ranges from 10-4 to
10-7 per gene, per generation
What is the difference between RNA and DNA? - Precise Answer ✔✔-
RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded
-RNA also has uracil instead of thymine
transcription and translation - Precise Answer ✔✔- occurs in the nucleus
where the mRNA takes a copy of DNA
- occurs in the cytoplasm with the help of ribosomes
- purpose is to produce proteins throughout the body ; DNA codes for
that
Transcription is - Precise Answer ✔✔A base-pairing event. mRNA
takes the code to the ribosome in the cytoplasm where the amino acids
will be assembled.
Much of the RNA sequence is spliced from the mRNA before - Precise
Answer ✔✔the mRNA leaves the nucleus.
