Structure and Function of the Body 16th Edition Patton Test
Bank 9780323597791 All Chapters with Answers and Rationals
.
Define anatomy and physiology - ANSWER: anatomy: the structure of the body
physiology: the function of the body
describe the organization of the body from the very simple to the very complex - ANSWER: A-M-O-C-
T-O-O-H
homostatic regulation - ANSWER: maintaining a stable environment requires constant monitoring and
adjustments as conditions change
homeostatic regulation envolves?? - ANSWER: 1: a receptor-which receives information about change
in the environment
2: a control center-which receives and process the information from the receptor
3: an effector-which responds to signals from the control center by either opposing or enhancing the
stimulus
specialized group of cells with similar structure and functions are: - ANSWER: tissues
identify common regions - ANSWER: right hypochondriac region
left hypochondriac region
epigastric region
umbilical region
hypogastric region
right lumbar region
left lumbar region
right iliac region
left iliac region
identify and describe the major body cavities - ANSWER: ventral cavity and dorsal cavity
ventral cavity is located in the front of the body and it consist of 2 compartments( the thoracic and
abdominopelvic cavity, which are separated by the diaphragm
dorsal cavity is located at the back of the body and it contains 2 divisions, but its one continuous
cavity
Name the 4 quadrants of the abdomen - ANSWER: Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Left lower quadrant (LLQ)
identify homeostasis - ANSWER: -relatively constant internal environment
-maintaining a dynamic(active) equilibrium(balance
if the body loses homeostasis, illness or even death will occur
explain the process of homeostasis through both negative and positive - ANSWER: negative feedback:
when the effector opposes the stimulus(such as dropping temperature and reverse the direction of
change, causing the temperature to rise
positive feedback:
when the effector reinforce the stimulus (such as uterine contraction during childbirth which triggers
the release of the hormone oxytocin and amplifies the direction of change, causing even greater
contractions and more release of oxytocin
, the most extreme example of anatomical variation is called - ANSWER: situs versus-in this inherited
condition effecting about 1 in 10000 people, the organs are reversed. instead of spleen, pancreas,
sigmoid, and most of the heart being on the left, they are on the right.
the body contains 4 types of tissues:
E
C
M
N - ANSWER: epithelia tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue
epithelial tissue - ANSWER: covers or lines body surface ;examples include the outer layer of the skin,
the walls of the capillaries, and kidney tubules.
connective tissue - ANSWER: connects and supports parts of the body; some transport and stores
materials; examples include; bone, cartilage, and adipose tissue.
muscle tissue - ANSWER: contracts to produce movement; examples include skeletal muscle and
heart.
nerve tissue - ANSWER: generates and transmits impulses to regulate body function; examples: brain
and nerve
cells - ANSWER: the smallest living units that make up the body's structure
organelles - ANSWER: the metabolic units within a cell that perform a specific function necessary to
the life of the cell.
Examples of organelles are - ANSWER: mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and nuclei.
Organs - ANSWER: A structure consisting of several tissues adapted as a group to perform specific
functions.
Tissues - ANSWER: Groups of cells with a common structure and function.
organ system - ANSWER: group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
the human body consist of how many organs - ANSWER: 11
some organs belong to more than one system. examples of these organs are: - ANSWER: the pharynx-
is part of the respiratory and the digestive systems, and the male urethra, belongs to both the
reproductive and urinary system.
integumentary system consist of: - ANSWER: hair, skin, and nails
key function: protection, temperature regulation, water retention, sensation
Aristotle greece made the first recorded attempts to study anatomy in 380 B.C. but, - ANSWER: the
first atlas of anatomy was not published untill 1543 A.D.
skeletal system - ANSWER: Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles
use to support movement. blood formation Made up of bones and joints, cartilage, ligaments
muscular system - ANSWER: consists of primary of skeletal muscles
key functions: movements
posture
heat production
Bank 9780323597791 All Chapters with Answers and Rationals
.
Define anatomy and physiology - ANSWER: anatomy: the structure of the body
physiology: the function of the body
describe the organization of the body from the very simple to the very complex - ANSWER: A-M-O-C-
T-O-O-H
homostatic regulation - ANSWER: maintaining a stable environment requires constant monitoring and
adjustments as conditions change
homeostatic regulation envolves?? - ANSWER: 1: a receptor-which receives information about change
in the environment
2: a control center-which receives and process the information from the receptor
3: an effector-which responds to signals from the control center by either opposing or enhancing the
stimulus
specialized group of cells with similar structure and functions are: - ANSWER: tissues
identify common regions - ANSWER: right hypochondriac region
left hypochondriac region
epigastric region
umbilical region
hypogastric region
right lumbar region
left lumbar region
right iliac region
left iliac region
identify and describe the major body cavities - ANSWER: ventral cavity and dorsal cavity
ventral cavity is located in the front of the body and it consist of 2 compartments( the thoracic and
abdominopelvic cavity, which are separated by the diaphragm
dorsal cavity is located at the back of the body and it contains 2 divisions, but its one continuous
cavity
Name the 4 quadrants of the abdomen - ANSWER: Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Left lower quadrant (LLQ)
identify homeostasis - ANSWER: -relatively constant internal environment
-maintaining a dynamic(active) equilibrium(balance
if the body loses homeostasis, illness or even death will occur
explain the process of homeostasis through both negative and positive - ANSWER: negative feedback:
when the effector opposes the stimulus(such as dropping temperature and reverse the direction of
change, causing the temperature to rise
positive feedback:
when the effector reinforce the stimulus (such as uterine contraction during childbirth which triggers
the release of the hormone oxytocin and amplifies the direction of change, causing even greater
contractions and more release of oxytocin
, the most extreme example of anatomical variation is called - ANSWER: situs versus-in this inherited
condition effecting about 1 in 10000 people, the organs are reversed. instead of spleen, pancreas,
sigmoid, and most of the heart being on the left, they are on the right.
the body contains 4 types of tissues:
E
C
M
N - ANSWER: epithelia tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue
epithelial tissue - ANSWER: covers or lines body surface ;examples include the outer layer of the skin,
the walls of the capillaries, and kidney tubules.
connective tissue - ANSWER: connects and supports parts of the body; some transport and stores
materials; examples include; bone, cartilage, and adipose tissue.
muscle tissue - ANSWER: contracts to produce movement; examples include skeletal muscle and
heart.
nerve tissue - ANSWER: generates and transmits impulses to regulate body function; examples: brain
and nerve
cells - ANSWER: the smallest living units that make up the body's structure
organelles - ANSWER: the metabolic units within a cell that perform a specific function necessary to
the life of the cell.
Examples of organelles are - ANSWER: mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and nuclei.
Organs - ANSWER: A structure consisting of several tissues adapted as a group to perform specific
functions.
Tissues - ANSWER: Groups of cells with a common structure and function.
organ system - ANSWER: group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
the human body consist of how many organs - ANSWER: 11
some organs belong to more than one system. examples of these organs are: - ANSWER: the pharynx-
is part of the respiratory and the digestive systems, and the male urethra, belongs to both the
reproductive and urinary system.
integumentary system consist of: - ANSWER: hair, skin, and nails
key function: protection, temperature regulation, water retention, sensation
Aristotle greece made the first recorded attempts to study anatomy in 380 B.C. but, - ANSWER: the
first atlas of anatomy was not published untill 1543 A.D.
skeletal system - ANSWER: Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles
use to support movement. blood formation Made up of bones and joints, cartilage, ligaments
muscular system - ANSWER: consists of primary of skeletal muscles
key functions: movements
posture
heat production
