Test Bank For Claytons Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 19th
Edition By Bruce Clayton, Michelle Willihnganz, Samuel
Gurevitz 9780323796309 / Chapter 1-48 / All Chapters with
Answers and Rationals
drugs do not create new responses but rather - ANSWER: alter existing physiologic activity in several
different ways
specific sites which the drug usually forms chemical bonds with - ANSWER: receptors
a drug only forms a bond with a receptor if: - ANSWER: - the drug and the receptor have similar
shapes
- the drug has a chemical affinity for the receptor
the study of the interactions between drugs and their receptors and the series of events that result in
a pharmacologic response - ANSWER: pharmacodynamics
T/F: the better the fit between the receptor and the drug molecule the better the response of the
drug - ANSWER: T
drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response are known as - ANSWER: agonists
drugs that attach to a receptor but do not stimulate a response - ANSWER: antagonists
drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response but inhibit other responses - ANSWER:
partial agonists
3 routes of drug administration: - ANSWER: - enteral
- parenteral
- percutaneous
when using the _______________ route, the drug is administered directly into the GI tract by oral,
rectal, or nasogastric route - ANSWER: enteral
when using the _________________ route, the drug bypasses the GI tract with the use of
subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous injection - ANSWER: parenteral
when using the ___________________ route, the drug is absorbed through the skin and mucous
membranes - ANSWER: percutaneous
after administration, all drugs go through 5 stages: - ANSWER: - liberation
- absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- excretion
the study of what the body does to the drug - ANSWER: pharmacokinetics
release of a drug from the dosage form to be dissolved in body fluids for absorption - ANSWER:
liberation
liberation of a drug within the body can be manipulated by: - ANSWER: - pharmaceutical dosage form
used (e.g. solution, suspension, capsule, tablet)
, - administering the drug with or without food and water in the patient's stomach
the process whereby a drug is transferred from its site of entry into the body to the circulating fluids
of the body for distribution around the body - ANSWER: absorption
the rate at which a drug is absorbed depends on: - ANSWER: - route of administration
- blood flow through the tissue where the drug is administered
- solubility of the drug
the rate of absorption when a drug is administered by a parenteral route depends on the - ANSWER:
rate of blood flow through the tissues
absorption of a drug is slowest when administered this way - ANSWER: subcutaneous injection
T/F: after a drug enters a patient's bloodstream, it is still retrievable - ANSWER: F
the absorption of topical drugs that have been applied to the skin can be influenced by: - ANSWER: -
drug concentration
- length of contact time
- size of the affected area
- thickness of the skin surface
- hydration of tissue
- degree of skin disruption
when drugs are inhaled, their absorption can be influenced by: - ANSWER: - depth of the patient's
respiration
- fineness of the droplet particles
- available surface area of the patient's mucous membranes
- contact time
- hydration state
- blood supply to area
- concentration of the drug itself
refers to the ways in which a drug is transported throughout the body by the circulating body fluids to
the sites of action or to the receptors that the drug affects - ANSWER: distribution
organs with the most extensive ______________ supply receive the distributed drug most rapidly -
ANSWER: blood
two factors influencing drug distribution: - ANSWER: - protein binding
- lipid/fat solubility
only the _______________ portion of a drug is able to diffuse into tissues, interact with receptors,
and produce physiologic effects - ANSWER: unbound
more lipid-soluble drugs have a high affinity for ________________ tissue, which serves as a
repository site for these agents - ANSWER: adipose
T/F: the same proportions of bound and free drug are maintained in the blood at all times - ANSWER:
T
the process whereby the body inactivates drugs - ANSWER: metabolism
the enzyme systems of the __________ are the primary sites for the metabolism of drugs - ANSWER:
liver
Edition By Bruce Clayton, Michelle Willihnganz, Samuel
Gurevitz 9780323796309 / Chapter 1-48 / All Chapters with
Answers and Rationals
drugs do not create new responses but rather - ANSWER: alter existing physiologic activity in several
different ways
specific sites which the drug usually forms chemical bonds with - ANSWER: receptors
a drug only forms a bond with a receptor if: - ANSWER: - the drug and the receptor have similar
shapes
- the drug has a chemical affinity for the receptor
the study of the interactions between drugs and their receptors and the series of events that result in
a pharmacologic response - ANSWER: pharmacodynamics
T/F: the better the fit between the receptor and the drug molecule the better the response of the
drug - ANSWER: T
drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response are known as - ANSWER: agonists
drugs that attach to a receptor but do not stimulate a response - ANSWER: antagonists
drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response but inhibit other responses - ANSWER:
partial agonists
3 routes of drug administration: - ANSWER: - enteral
- parenteral
- percutaneous
when using the _______________ route, the drug is administered directly into the GI tract by oral,
rectal, or nasogastric route - ANSWER: enteral
when using the _________________ route, the drug bypasses the GI tract with the use of
subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous injection - ANSWER: parenteral
when using the ___________________ route, the drug is absorbed through the skin and mucous
membranes - ANSWER: percutaneous
after administration, all drugs go through 5 stages: - ANSWER: - liberation
- absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- excretion
the study of what the body does to the drug - ANSWER: pharmacokinetics
release of a drug from the dosage form to be dissolved in body fluids for absorption - ANSWER:
liberation
liberation of a drug within the body can be manipulated by: - ANSWER: - pharmaceutical dosage form
used (e.g. solution, suspension, capsule, tablet)
, - administering the drug with or without food and water in the patient's stomach
the process whereby a drug is transferred from its site of entry into the body to the circulating fluids
of the body for distribution around the body - ANSWER: absorption
the rate at which a drug is absorbed depends on: - ANSWER: - route of administration
- blood flow through the tissue where the drug is administered
- solubility of the drug
the rate of absorption when a drug is administered by a parenteral route depends on the - ANSWER:
rate of blood flow through the tissues
absorption of a drug is slowest when administered this way - ANSWER: subcutaneous injection
T/F: after a drug enters a patient's bloodstream, it is still retrievable - ANSWER: F
the absorption of topical drugs that have been applied to the skin can be influenced by: - ANSWER: -
drug concentration
- length of contact time
- size of the affected area
- thickness of the skin surface
- hydration of tissue
- degree of skin disruption
when drugs are inhaled, their absorption can be influenced by: - ANSWER: - depth of the patient's
respiration
- fineness of the droplet particles
- available surface area of the patient's mucous membranes
- contact time
- hydration state
- blood supply to area
- concentration of the drug itself
refers to the ways in which a drug is transported throughout the body by the circulating body fluids to
the sites of action or to the receptors that the drug affects - ANSWER: distribution
organs with the most extensive ______________ supply receive the distributed drug most rapidly -
ANSWER: blood
two factors influencing drug distribution: - ANSWER: - protein binding
- lipid/fat solubility
only the _______________ portion of a drug is able to diffuse into tissues, interact with receptors,
and produce physiologic effects - ANSWER: unbound
more lipid-soluble drugs have a high affinity for ________________ tissue, which serves as a
repository site for these agents - ANSWER: adipose
T/F: the same proportions of bound and free drug are maintained in the blood at all times - ANSWER:
T
the process whereby the body inactivates drugs - ANSWER: metabolism
the enzyme systems of the __________ are the primary sites for the metabolism of drugs - ANSWER:
liver
