Test Bank For Wilkins Clinical Assessment in Respiratory Care
9th Edition By Al Heuer ( ) / 9780323696999 / Chapter 1-21 /
All Chapters with Answers and Rationals
1. Which of the following is not a typical component to physical examination?
A) Inspection
B)Palpation
C)Auscultation
D)Interviewing - ANSWER: Interviewing
2. Pursed lip breathing is most often seen in patients with which of the following diseases?
A)Pulmonary fibrosis
B)COPD
C)Pneumonia
D)Congestive Heart Failure - ANSWER: COPD
3. Which of the following is an unlikely cause of diaphoresis?
A)Myocardial infarction
B)Fever
C)Pulmonary Fibrosis
D)Exercise - ANSWER: Pulmonary Fibrosis
4. In which of the following conditions is lymphadenopathy of the neck seen?
A) Infection of the upper airway
B) Asthma
C) Cystic Fibrosis
D) Atelectasis - ANSWER: Infection of the upper airway
What type of breathing pattern is characterized by irregular periods of apnea alternating with periods
in which 4 or 5 breaths of identical depth are taken??
hint: irregularly interspersed periods of apnea in a disorganized sequence - ANSWER: Biot respiratory
pattern
Ataxia breathing that is a sign of brain stem dysfunction
What type of breathing pattern is characterized by increased difficulty of getting air out? - ANSWER:
Air Trapping - common in COPD patients
What type of breathing pattern is characterized by slower than 12 breaths perminute? - ANSWER:
Bradypnea
What type of breathing pattern is characterized by varying periods of increasing depths interspersed
with apnea? - ANSWER: Cheyne-Stokes breathing - alternates between fast and slow breathing and
breathing stops for periods
often caused by an intercranial lesion
Sign of end of life
What breathing pattern is characterized by more than 20 breaths per minute? - ANSWER: Tachypnea
What is the difference between Kussmaul and Tachypnea when looking at the rhythm patterns? -
ANSWER: Kussmaul is rapid, deeper and more labored.
They are experiencing acidosis, may have sweet smell to breath.
Tachypneic breathing is a shallower pattern.
, Why would a patient demonstrate nasal flaring? - ANSWER: Common in infants and children, Sign of
increased WOB, sign of RDS
What does PERRLA stand for? - ANSWER: P - pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accomodation
What are some causes a trachea shift? - ANSWER: Tumor in the lung
pneumothorax
atelectasis
What is indicated by Jugular vein distention? - ANSWER: Right sided heart failure. The heart failure
increases blood pressure especially in the veins.
Why should carotid pulse only be felt on one side at a time? - ANSWER: because it can obstruct blood
flow to the brain,
What are the predominant accessory muscles of breathing? - ANSWER: Intercostal, scalene,
sternocleidomastoid, pectoral, trapezius,
abdominal wall
What is Pectus excavatum? - ANSWER: inward depression of part or all of the sternum
What is kyphosis? - ANSWER: it's an abnormal AP curvature causing one to be bent over
What is scoliosis? - ANSWER: abnormal lateral "S" curvature
What is kyphoscoliosis? - ANSWER: combination of "S" curvature and A-P curvature
Explain abdominal paradox - ANSWER: paradoxical movement of the abdomen during breathing that
is associated with diaphragm fatigue or paralysis.
Hoover sign - ANSWER: Abnormal movement of the lateral chest wall during breathing in COPD
patients with severe hyperinflation. Inward movement of the lower rib cage during inspiration
What is vocal fremitus? - ANSWER: vibration created by the vocal cords during phonation or speech.
What is Tactile fremitus? - ANSWER: When you can feel the vibrations on the chest wall
What causes increased fremitus? - ANSWER: lung consolidation due to air being replaced by fluid or
pus
What causes decreased fremitus? - ANSWER: Excess air in lungs or chest wall thickness
What are the terms for normal breath sounds? - ANSWER: Bronchovesicular and vesicular
What is PMI - ANSWER: Point of maximal impulse is the location at which the cardiac impulse of
Systolic Thrust can be felt and visualized on ventricular contraction.
Frequently felt at the fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line.
What is clubbing? - ANSWER: an increase in the angle between the base of the nail and the fingernail
to 180 degrees or more, enlargement of the phalanges in hands and feet.
True or False: Cyanosis can be masked by anemia - ANSWER: True - it's because there aren't enough
red blood cells to carry oxygen, therefore it there isn't enough blood to show signs like blueish
discoloration of extremities
9th Edition By Al Heuer ( ) / 9780323696999 / Chapter 1-21 /
All Chapters with Answers and Rationals
1. Which of the following is not a typical component to physical examination?
A) Inspection
B)Palpation
C)Auscultation
D)Interviewing - ANSWER: Interviewing
2. Pursed lip breathing is most often seen in patients with which of the following diseases?
A)Pulmonary fibrosis
B)COPD
C)Pneumonia
D)Congestive Heart Failure - ANSWER: COPD
3. Which of the following is an unlikely cause of diaphoresis?
A)Myocardial infarction
B)Fever
C)Pulmonary Fibrosis
D)Exercise - ANSWER: Pulmonary Fibrosis
4. In which of the following conditions is lymphadenopathy of the neck seen?
A) Infection of the upper airway
B) Asthma
C) Cystic Fibrosis
D) Atelectasis - ANSWER: Infection of the upper airway
What type of breathing pattern is characterized by irregular periods of apnea alternating with periods
in which 4 or 5 breaths of identical depth are taken??
hint: irregularly interspersed periods of apnea in a disorganized sequence - ANSWER: Biot respiratory
pattern
Ataxia breathing that is a sign of brain stem dysfunction
What type of breathing pattern is characterized by increased difficulty of getting air out? - ANSWER:
Air Trapping - common in COPD patients
What type of breathing pattern is characterized by slower than 12 breaths perminute? - ANSWER:
Bradypnea
What type of breathing pattern is characterized by varying periods of increasing depths interspersed
with apnea? - ANSWER: Cheyne-Stokes breathing - alternates between fast and slow breathing and
breathing stops for periods
often caused by an intercranial lesion
Sign of end of life
What breathing pattern is characterized by more than 20 breaths per minute? - ANSWER: Tachypnea
What is the difference between Kussmaul and Tachypnea when looking at the rhythm patterns? -
ANSWER: Kussmaul is rapid, deeper and more labored.
They are experiencing acidosis, may have sweet smell to breath.
Tachypneic breathing is a shallower pattern.
, Why would a patient demonstrate nasal flaring? - ANSWER: Common in infants and children, Sign of
increased WOB, sign of RDS
What does PERRLA stand for? - ANSWER: P - pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accomodation
What are some causes a trachea shift? - ANSWER: Tumor in the lung
pneumothorax
atelectasis
What is indicated by Jugular vein distention? - ANSWER: Right sided heart failure. The heart failure
increases blood pressure especially in the veins.
Why should carotid pulse only be felt on one side at a time? - ANSWER: because it can obstruct blood
flow to the brain,
What are the predominant accessory muscles of breathing? - ANSWER: Intercostal, scalene,
sternocleidomastoid, pectoral, trapezius,
abdominal wall
What is Pectus excavatum? - ANSWER: inward depression of part or all of the sternum
What is kyphosis? - ANSWER: it's an abnormal AP curvature causing one to be bent over
What is scoliosis? - ANSWER: abnormal lateral "S" curvature
What is kyphoscoliosis? - ANSWER: combination of "S" curvature and A-P curvature
Explain abdominal paradox - ANSWER: paradoxical movement of the abdomen during breathing that
is associated with diaphragm fatigue or paralysis.
Hoover sign - ANSWER: Abnormal movement of the lateral chest wall during breathing in COPD
patients with severe hyperinflation. Inward movement of the lower rib cage during inspiration
What is vocal fremitus? - ANSWER: vibration created by the vocal cords during phonation or speech.
What is Tactile fremitus? - ANSWER: When you can feel the vibrations on the chest wall
What causes increased fremitus? - ANSWER: lung consolidation due to air being replaced by fluid or
pus
What causes decreased fremitus? - ANSWER: Excess air in lungs or chest wall thickness
What are the terms for normal breath sounds? - ANSWER: Bronchovesicular and vesicular
What is PMI - ANSWER: Point of maximal impulse is the location at which the cardiac impulse of
Systolic Thrust can be felt and visualized on ventricular contraction.
Frequently felt at the fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line.
What is clubbing? - ANSWER: an increase in the angle between the base of the nail and the fingernail
to 180 degrees or more, enlargement of the phalanges in hands and feet.
True or False: Cyanosis can be masked by anemia - ANSWER: True - it's because there aren't enough
red blood cells to carry oxygen, therefore it there isn't enough blood to show signs like blueish
discoloration of extremities
