Philosophy Final Exam Study Guide: Questions
& Answers: Straighterline
Which of the following is the central doctrine of modern empiricism?
(Ans- All knowledge derives from experience alone.
Which of the following modern philosophers is a rationalist?
(Ans- Leibniz
Which of the following thoughts of Locke's did Berkeley object to?
(Ans- The perceptions or ideas of objects we experience can represent
external objects that exist independently of the mind.
Which of the following counts as a Gettier case?
(Ans- Jim has seen Suzie wearing an Italian watch many times.
Unbeknownst to him, the watch is stolen, and replaced by another Italian
watch. Does Jim know that Suzie has an Italian watch?
Goldman suggests which of the following revisions to the definition of
knowledge to respond to the barn facade counterexample?
(Ans- The truth of the belief in question must have caused the subject's
belief in it in the appropriate way.
Which philosopher originally challenged the idea that knowledge can be
equated with firmly held belief?
(Ans- Plato
Which of the following reflects Rorty's conception of truth?
(Ans- Truth is whatever survives all objections given within one's culture.
Which of the following forms of argument was famously employed by Kant
in establishing his conception of experience and objects?
(Ans- transcendental deduction
, Which of the following links Kant to the American Pragmatists?
(Ans- Each thought that the truths of the empirical world should be
understood in terms of our human contribution to constructing those truths
Which of the following describes logicism, the view advanced by Russell
and Frege?
(Ans- All mathematical truths can be proven from basic principles of logic.
Which of the following analytic philosophers doubted whether there is an
absolute meaning to any given expression?
(Ans- Quine
What, on Russell's account, differentiates the sentences "Mark Twain was
Mark Twain" and "Mark Twain was Samuel Clemens," such that one is
obvious and the other is cognitively significant?
(Ans- Mark Twain" is actually a disguised definite description for "the
author of Huckleberry Finn," and so we learn that the person filling this
description is Mark Twain
Which of the following describes Berkeley's position on external objects
that are not currently perceived by any human mind?
(Ans- External objects continue to exist due to their presence in the mind of
God.
Which of the following statements distinguishes Hegel's absolute idealism
from Kant's transcendental idealism?
(Ans- Hegel held that reality was the expression of thought, and so that
there is no thing-in-itself that exists beyond the realm of human thought.
Subjective idealism is, historically, most closely associated with which of
the following branches of epistemology?
(Ans- Empiricism
& Answers: Straighterline
Which of the following is the central doctrine of modern empiricism?
(Ans- All knowledge derives from experience alone.
Which of the following modern philosophers is a rationalist?
(Ans- Leibniz
Which of the following thoughts of Locke's did Berkeley object to?
(Ans- The perceptions or ideas of objects we experience can represent
external objects that exist independently of the mind.
Which of the following counts as a Gettier case?
(Ans- Jim has seen Suzie wearing an Italian watch many times.
Unbeknownst to him, the watch is stolen, and replaced by another Italian
watch. Does Jim know that Suzie has an Italian watch?
Goldman suggests which of the following revisions to the definition of
knowledge to respond to the barn facade counterexample?
(Ans- The truth of the belief in question must have caused the subject's
belief in it in the appropriate way.
Which philosopher originally challenged the idea that knowledge can be
equated with firmly held belief?
(Ans- Plato
Which of the following reflects Rorty's conception of truth?
(Ans- Truth is whatever survives all objections given within one's culture.
Which of the following forms of argument was famously employed by Kant
in establishing his conception of experience and objects?
(Ans- transcendental deduction
, Which of the following links Kant to the American Pragmatists?
(Ans- Each thought that the truths of the empirical world should be
understood in terms of our human contribution to constructing those truths
Which of the following describes logicism, the view advanced by Russell
and Frege?
(Ans- All mathematical truths can be proven from basic principles of logic.
Which of the following analytic philosophers doubted whether there is an
absolute meaning to any given expression?
(Ans- Quine
What, on Russell's account, differentiates the sentences "Mark Twain was
Mark Twain" and "Mark Twain was Samuel Clemens," such that one is
obvious and the other is cognitively significant?
(Ans- Mark Twain" is actually a disguised definite description for "the
author of Huckleberry Finn," and so we learn that the person filling this
description is Mark Twain
Which of the following describes Berkeley's position on external objects
that are not currently perceived by any human mind?
(Ans- External objects continue to exist due to their presence in the mind of
God.
Which of the following statements distinguishes Hegel's absolute idealism
from Kant's transcendental idealism?
(Ans- Hegel held that reality was the expression of thought, and so that
there is no thing-in-itself that exists beyond the realm of human thought.
Subjective idealism is, historically, most closely associated with which of
the following branches of epistemology?
(Ans- Empiricism
