Test Bank For History of World Societies Volume 2 11th Edition
By Wiesner Hanks 9781319059330 ALL Chapters .
Describe how Caesar Augustus transformed himself from Octavian to Emperor - ANSWER: -After Julius
Caesar died, Octavian was named Caesar's heir and he went and avenged Caesar's death.
-Joined the Second Triumvirate
-Military success
-instituted Pax Romana
-became Tribune for life
-became "first citizen" of Rome
-people were happy that the empire finally had stability
Describe and discuss the military and social reforms, why they were implemented, and how they
functioned to stabilize Rome - ANSWER: Military reforms- veterans in colonies, Praetorian guard,
fortification of borders
Social Reforms- In traditional Roman religion, adultery for men and women became illegal.
Outline the issues of succession within the Julio-Claudian Dynasty, and especially its end under the
reign of Nero (ascension to Emperorship, fire, persecution of the Christians, tax policy, and suicide) -
ANSWER: -The Julio-Claudian Dynasty had 5 emperors with succession by adoption or marriage.
-Rome burned under Nero, many say he fiddled while it burned but this did not happen. This fire led
to the persecution of Christians.
-there was a revolt against Nero for tax policy the citizens and he committed suicide, that was the end
of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty
-AFTER- "Year of the Four Emperors"
Outline the successes and growth of the Empire under the Antonine Dynasty - ANSWER: -Land, tax,
and legal reform
-expansion of the empire
-Settlement in Britain "Hadrian's Wall"
-Public Works
-Orphan and widow fund
-Art and science
-economic integration
Describe and discuss the relationship between Marcus Aurelius and his son Commodus. Commodus's
ascension to power, and the details and consequences of his reign for Rome. - ANSWER: -Marcus
Aurelius was a good emperor, and his only son was Commodus.
-Commodus became co-emperor before his father died, the first time there were 2 emperors at once
-Commodus became emperor and wrecked the economy, spending lots of money on luxuries and the
Colosseum.
-Commodus was murdered by his sister's orders
-Strangled in the bath
-after his death it caused a major civil war broke out
Broadly discuss the circumstances surrounding and resulting in the decline of the Roman Empire in
the third century C.E. - ANSWER: -imperial instability
-the military shrunk by 40%
-military fragmentation
-barbarian threat
-population decline
-(gradual) emancipation of slaves
-migration into the cities
, Describe the consequences of the movement of the Roman capital to the East for the city of Rome -
ANSWER: -The Roman capital moved to Byzantium which became Constantinople
-the city and people became wealthy
-power was moving towards the East
-there was a split between East and West with 2 different emperors
-different religious and cultural traditions emerged
-the spread of Christianity.
How many major sackings of Rome were there? - ANSWER: 4 major sackings of Rome
-Huns (370)
-Visigoths (410)
-Vandals (455)
-Ostrogoths (537)
Describe the significance of the "sacking" of Rome for Germanic and Slavic barbarian tribes - ANSWER:
-The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths was the most famous and most complete, causing population
decline.
-power was shifting, the "barbarians" now had more political and militial power
-Rome had less control over the barbarians
-barbarians took over new lands and created kingdoms
-migrations of peoples
-New German and Slavic leaders
-Ostrogoth- German peoples from the East and their leader, the leader declared himself the new
Roman Emperor
Main idea of barbaric invasions - ANSWER: -lead to fall of Rome
-Rome is weaken
-power is shifting
The Merovingian Franks
a) Describe the consolidation of power in central Europe under Merovech and the consequences for
the formation of the Merovingian Empire - ANSWER: Merovech
-legendary patriarch
-leader of the Franks
-halted the advance of Atilla the Hun
Childeric was the son of Merovech and united the 12 Frankish tribes
-unification
b) Describe the significance of the reign of Clovis I for the Catholic Christianization of the Franks and
be able to describe under what circumstances the empire fragmented after his death - ANSWER:
Clovis is the son of Childeric-
-first Frankish king to unite all Frankish tribes
-his wife was Christian and Clovis initially resisted converting to Christianity
-After the Battle of Tolbiac he became a Christian
-widespread conversion of Frankish peoples
-religious unification
By Wiesner Hanks 9781319059330 ALL Chapters .
Describe how Caesar Augustus transformed himself from Octavian to Emperor - ANSWER: -After Julius
Caesar died, Octavian was named Caesar's heir and he went and avenged Caesar's death.
-Joined the Second Triumvirate
-Military success
-instituted Pax Romana
-became Tribune for life
-became "first citizen" of Rome
-people were happy that the empire finally had stability
Describe and discuss the military and social reforms, why they were implemented, and how they
functioned to stabilize Rome - ANSWER: Military reforms- veterans in colonies, Praetorian guard,
fortification of borders
Social Reforms- In traditional Roman religion, adultery for men and women became illegal.
Outline the issues of succession within the Julio-Claudian Dynasty, and especially its end under the
reign of Nero (ascension to Emperorship, fire, persecution of the Christians, tax policy, and suicide) -
ANSWER: -The Julio-Claudian Dynasty had 5 emperors with succession by adoption or marriage.
-Rome burned under Nero, many say he fiddled while it burned but this did not happen. This fire led
to the persecution of Christians.
-there was a revolt against Nero for tax policy the citizens and he committed suicide, that was the end
of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty
-AFTER- "Year of the Four Emperors"
Outline the successes and growth of the Empire under the Antonine Dynasty - ANSWER: -Land, tax,
and legal reform
-expansion of the empire
-Settlement in Britain "Hadrian's Wall"
-Public Works
-Orphan and widow fund
-Art and science
-economic integration
Describe and discuss the relationship between Marcus Aurelius and his son Commodus. Commodus's
ascension to power, and the details and consequences of his reign for Rome. - ANSWER: -Marcus
Aurelius was a good emperor, and his only son was Commodus.
-Commodus became co-emperor before his father died, the first time there were 2 emperors at once
-Commodus became emperor and wrecked the economy, spending lots of money on luxuries and the
Colosseum.
-Commodus was murdered by his sister's orders
-Strangled in the bath
-after his death it caused a major civil war broke out
Broadly discuss the circumstances surrounding and resulting in the decline of the Roman Empire in
the third century C.E. - ANSWER: -imperial instability
-the military shrunk by 40%
-military fragmentation
-barbarian threat
-population decline
-(gradual) emancipation of slaves
-migration into the cities
, Describe the consequences of the movement of the Roman capital to the East for the city of Rome -
ANSWER: -The Roman capital moved to Byzantium which became Constantinople
-the city and people became wealthy
-power was moving towards the East
-there was a split between East and West with 2 different emperors
-different religious and cultural traditions emerged
-the spread of Christianity.
How many major sackings of Rome were there? - ANSWER: 4 major sackings of Rome
-Huns (370)
-Visigoths (410)
-Vandals (455)
-Ostrogoths (537)
Describe the significance of the "sacking" of Rome for Germanic and Slavic barbarian tribes - ANSWER:
-The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths was the most famous and most complete, causing population
decline.
-power was shifting, the "barbarians" now had more political and militial power
-Rome had less control over the barbarians
-barbarians took over new lands and created kingdoms
-migrations of peoples
-New German and Slavic leaders
-Ostrogoth- German peoples from the East and their leader, the leader declared himself the new
Roman Emperor
Main idea of barbaric invasions - ANSWER: -lead to fall of Rome
-Rome is weaken
-power is shifting
The Merovingian Franks
a) Describe the consolidation of power in central Europe under Merovech and the consequences for
the formation of the Merovingian Empire - ANSWER: Merovech
-legendary patriarch
-leader of the Franks
-halted the advance of Atilla the Hun
Childeric was the son of Merovech and united the 12 Frankish tribes
-unification
b) Describe the significance of the reign of Clovis I for the Catholic Christianization of the Franks and
be able to describe under what circumstances the empire fragmented after his death - ANSWER:
Clovis is the son of Childeric-
-first Frankish king to unite all Frankish tribes
-his wife was Christian and Clovis initially resisted converting to Christianity
-After the Battle of Tolbiac he became a Christian
-widespread conversion of Frankish peoples
-religious unification
