Quiz 1: NUR203 / NUR 203 (Latest Update)
Pediatric Nursing | Guide with Questions and Verified
Answers 100% Correct | Grade A - Fortis
Using a specific example, explain how resistance can develop to an anti-infective
drug. (1) - answers Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) → resistance to drugs that treat
infections
During this process, microbes evolve to develop resistance to drugs as they are
exposed to them
How does antibiotic resistance happen?
There are lots of germs and a few are resistant to antibiotics
When antibiotics kill bacteria that cause illnesses, they also kill good bacteria which
is used to protect body from infections
Antibiotic resistant bacteria grows and takes over
Some bacteria give antibiotic resistance to other bacteria causing more problems
Identify the role of culture and sensitivity testing in the selection of an effective
antibiotic. (1) - answers Culture and sensitivity testing is examination of a specimen
for microorganisms
The specimen is grown in the lab and is identified
It is tested for sensitivity to different antibiotics
Bacteria → may take several days to identify
Viruses → may take several weeks to identify
Broad spectrum antibiotics → may be started before lab culture is completed
Explain how host factors can affect the success of anti-infective chemotherapy. (2) -
answers Primary goal of antibiotic therapy: kill enough bacteria/ to slow the growth of
the infection enough that the natural body defenses can overcome the invading
agent
Unless an infection is highly localized, an antibiotic alone may not be enough
A patient's immune system along with phagocytic cells are needed to completely rid
the body of an infectious agent
Patients with suppressed immune systems may require more aggressive antibiotic
therapy with bactericidal agents
Local conditions at infection site
Factors can hinder the drug from reaching microbes, which will limit the therapeutic
success
Allergy histories → severe allergic reactions to antibiotics (drug history)
Age, pregnancy, genetics
Distinguish between the term's pathogenicity and virulence - answers Pathogenicity-
ability of an organism to cause infection
Virulence- ability of a microbe to produce a disease when present in minute (small)
numbers
Symbiotic relationship
Intact defense mechanisms
Using the nursing process to care for patient who are receiving pharmacotherapy for
bacterial infections. (3) - answers Assessment
Obtain a complete health & drug history → allergies, possible drug interactions
, Quiz 1: NUR203 / NUR 203 (Latest Update)
Pediatric Nursing | Guide with Questions and Verified
Answers 100% Correct | Grade A - Fortis
Assess signs and symptoms of current infections (location, characteristics,
absence/presence of drainage)
Evaluate appropriate laboratory findings
Assess for desired therapeutic effects
Continue monitoring for CBC, liver and kidney function tests
Assess for adverse effects
Implementation
Ensuring therapeutic effects
The healthcare provider should be notified if fever and signs of infection remain after
3 days or if the entire course of the drug has been taken and signs of infection are
still present.)
Teach the patient to take the entire course of the antibacterial,
Not to share doses with others with similar symptoms
Return to the healthcare provider if symptoms have not resolved after the entire
course of therapy.
Minimizing adverse effects
Continue to monitor vital signs
Increasing signs and symptoms of infection, or symptoms that remain after taking the
entire course of antibacterial therapy
Immediately report febrile seizures and changes in behavior
Monitor for hypersensitivity and allergic reactions
Monitor for any skin rash
Monitor for diarrhea
Monitor for GI effects (nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, diarrhea)
Monitor for neurotoxicity (dizziness, lightheadedness)
Patient understanding of drug therapy
Patient should be able to state the drug use, appropriate dose and scheduling,
adverse effects to watch for
Patient self administration for drug therapy
Complete the entire course of therapy unless otherwise instructed.
Avoid or eliminate alcohol.
Take the drug with food or milk but avoid acidic beverages.
If instructed to take the drug on an empty stomach, take with a full glass of water.
Do not take tetracyclines with milk products
Increase overall fluid intake while taking the antibacterial drug
Compare and contrast the terms bacteriostatic and bactericidal - answers
Bactericidal → Medications that accomplish this goal by killing bacteria
Bacteriostatic → Growth-slowing drugs. Some drugs do not kill the bacteria but
instead slow their growth, allowing the body's natural defenses to eliminate the
microorganisms.
Assessing for:
Superinfections - answers One common adverse effect of anti-infective therapy is
the appearance of secondary infections, known as superinfections, which occur
when microorganisms normally present in the body are destroyed.
Pediatric Nursing | Guide with Questions and Verified
Answers 100% Correct | Grade A - Fortis
Using a specific example, explain how resistance can develop to an anti-infective
drug. (1) - answers Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) → resistance to drugs that treat
infections
During this process, microbes evolve to develop resistance to drugs as they are
exposed to them
How does antibiotic resistance happen?
There are lots of germs and a few are resistant to antibiotics
When antibiotics kill bacteria that cause illnesses, they also kill good bacteria which
is used to protect body from infections
Antibiotic resistant bacteria grows and takes over
Some bacteria give antibiotic resistance to other bacteria causing more problems
Identify the role of culture and sensitivity testing in the selection of an effective
antibiotic. (1) - answers Culture and sensitivity testing is examination of a specimen
for microorganisms
The specimen is grown in the lab and is identified
It is tested for sensitivity to different antibiotics
Bacteria → may take several days to identify
Viruses → may take several weeks to identify
Broad spectrum antibiotics → may be started before lab culture is completed
Explain how host factors can affect the success of anti-infective chemotherapy. (2) -
answers Primary goal of antibiotic therapy: kill enough bacteria/ to slow the growth of
the infection enough that the natural body defenses can overcome the invading
agent
Unless an infection is highly localized, an antibiotic alone may not be enough
A patient's immune system along with phagocytic cells are needed to completely rid
the body of an infectious agent
Patients with suppressed immune systems may require more aggressive antibiotic
therapy with bactericidal agents
Local conditions at infection site
Factors can hinder the drug from reaching microbes, which will limit the therapeutic
success
Allergy histories → severe allergic reactions to antibiotics (drug history)
Age, pregnancy, genetics
Distinguish between the term's pathogenicity and virulence - answers Pathogenicity-
ability of an organism to cause infection
Virulence- ability of a microbe to produce a disease when present in minute (small)
numbers
Symbiotic relationship
Intact defense mechanisms
Using the nursing process to care for patient who are receiving pharmacotherapy for
bacterial infections. (3) - answers Assessment
Obtain a complete health & drug history → allergies, possible drug interactions
, Quiz 1: NUR203 / NUR 203 (Latest Update)
Pediatric Nursing | Guide with Questions and Verified
Answers 100% Correct | Grade A - Fortis
Assess signs and symptoms of current infections (location, characteristics,
absence/presence of drainage)
Evaluate appropriate laboratory findings
Assess for desired therapeutic effects
Continue monitoring for CBC, liver and kidney function tests
Assess for adverse effects
Implementation
Ensuring therapeutic effects
The healthcare provider should be notified if fever and signs of infection remain after
3 days or if the entire course of the drug has been taken and signs of infection are
still present.)
Teach the patient to take the entire course of the antibacterial,
Not to share doses with others with similar symptoms
Return to the healthcare provider if symptoms have not resolved after the entire
course of therapy.
Minimizing adverse effects
Continue to monitor vital signs
Increasing signs and symptoms of infection, or symptoms that remain after taking the
entire course of antibacterial therapy
Immediately report febrile seizures and changes in behavior
Monitor for hypersensitivity and allergic reactions
Monitor for any skin rash
Monitor for diarrhea
Monitor for GI effects (nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, diarrhea)
Monitor for neurotoxicity (dizziness, lightheadedness)
Patient understanding of drug therapy
Patient should be able to state the drug use, appropriate dose and scheduling,
adverse effects to watch for
Patient self administration for drug therapy
Complete the entire course of therapy unless otherwise instructed.
Avoid or eliminate alcohol.
Take the drug with food or milk but avoid acidic beverages.
If instructed to take the drug on an empty stomach, take with a full glass of water.
Do not take tetracyclines with milk products
Increase overall fluid intake while taking the antibacterial drug
Compare and contrast the terms bacteriostatic and bactericidal - answers
Bactericidal → Medications that accomplish this goal by killing bacteria
Bacteriostatic → Growth-slowing drugs. Some drugs do not kill the bacteria but
instead slow their growth, allowing the body's natural defenses to eliminate the
microorganisms.
Assessing for:
Superinfections - answers One common adverse effect of anti-infective therapy is
the appearance of secondary infections, known as superinfections, which occur
when microorganisms normally present in the body are destroyed.
