PRN 1178 Exam 2 Study Guide
Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract - correct answer ✔-The GI tract begins
with the mouth and continues to the esophagus, the stomach, the small
intestine, and the large intestine, and ends at the anus.
-The GI tract is approximately 9 m (30 feet) long.
-The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
-The large intestine consists of the cecum, colon (ascending, transverse,
descending, and sigmoid), and rectum.
-Accessory organs of the GI tract include the teeth, salivary glands,
gallbladder, liver, and pancreas.
Barrett Esophagus Causes - correct answer ✔Caused by GERD
Barrett Esophagus Lifestyle Changes - correct answer ✔Management of
GERD - limiting spicy, highly acidic and seasoned foods and liquids, weight
loss, managing diet, exercise, stop smoking, limit alcohol use
Common Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - correct answer ✔Diarrhea, Renal
Failure, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Hyperkalemia, Alcoholism
Common Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - correct answer ✔Vomitting,
Excessive Gastric Suctioning, Hypokalemia, Excess use of Antacids, Steroid
Therapy, Potent Diuretic Use
Common Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis - correct answer
✔Hyperventilation (anxiety, fear), Mechanical Ventilation, High Fever/Sepsis,
Prolonged Sunctioning, Pain, Alcohol Withdrawal.
, Compensating Mechanisms for Metabolic Acidosis - correct answer
✔Kussmaul Respirations
Diagnostic Tests for GERD - correct answer ✔EGD
(esophagogastroduodendoscopy), Barium Esophagram
Esophageal Cancer Risk Factors - correct answer ✔Cigarette Smoking,
Excessive Alcohol Use
Functions of the GI system - correct answer ✔ingestion, digestion,
absorption, elimination
Gastiritis Risk Factors - correct answer ✔Excessive Alcohol Use, Long-Term
Ibuprofen Use, Corticosteroid Use, Infection w. H. pylori bacteria, Smoking,
Pernicious Anemia,
Gastric Cancer Risk Factors - correct answer ✔H. Pylori infection,
consuming smoked foods, penicious anemia, achlorhydria (absence of
hydrochloric acid)
Gastritis Complications - correct answer ✔Upper GI Hemorrhage
gastroenteritis nursing management - correct answer ✔NPO until vomitting
has stopped, electrolyte liquids when tolerated, BRAT diet
Gastrostomy Tube Feeding Process and Care - correct answer ✔Placed into
the abdominal wall endoscopically. Assess the insertion site for signs of
infection or excoriation. Inspect the insertion site and change the dressing
once a day. Be certain the the tube is intact and that the mark on the tube is at
the skin surface before starting or adding to the feeding. If not, stop the
Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract - correct answer ✔-The GI tract begins
with the mouth and continues to the esophagus, the stomach, the small
intestine, and the large intestine, and ends at the anus.
-The GI tract is approximately 9 m (30 feet) long.
-The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
-The large intestine consists of the cecum, colon (ascending, transverse,
descending, and sigmoid), and rectum.
-Accessory organs of the GI tract include the teeth, salivary glands,
gallbladder, liver, and pancreas.
Barrett Esophagus Causes - correct answer ✔Caused by GERD
Barrett Esophagus Lifestyle Changes - correct answer ✔Management of
GERD - limiting spicy, highly acidic and seasoned foods and liquids, weight
loss, managing diet, exercise, stop smoking, limit alcohol use
Common Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - correct answer ✔Diarrhea, Renal
Failure, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Hyperkalemia, Alcoholism
Common Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - correct answer ✔Vomitting,
Excessive Gastric Suctioning, Hypokalemia, Excess use of Antacids, Steroid
Therapy, Potent Diuretic Use
Common Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis - correct answer
✔Hyperventilation (anxiety, fear), Mechanical Ventilation, High Fever/Sepsis,
Prolonged Sunctioning, Pain, Alcohol Withdrawal.
, Compensating Mechanisms for Metabolic Acidosis - correct answer
✔Kussmaul Respirations
Diagnostic Tests for GERD - correct answer ✔EGD
(esophagogastroduodendoscopy), Barium Esophagram
Esophageal Cancer Risk Factors - correct answer ✔Cigarette Smoking,
Excessive Alcohol Use
Functions of the GI system - correct answer ✔ingestion, digestion,
absorption, elimination
Gastiritis Risk Factors - correct answer ✔Excessive Alcohol Use, Long-Term
Ibuprofen Use, Corticosteroid Use, Infection w. H. pylori bacteria, Smoking,
Pernicious Anemia,
Gastric Cancer Risk Factors - correct answer ✔H. Pylori infection,
consuming smoked foods, penicious anemia, achlorhydria (absence of
hydrochloric acid)
Gastritis Complications - correct answer ✔Upper GI Hemorrhage
gastroenteritis nursing management - correct answer ✔NPO until vomitting
has stopped, electrolyte liquids when tolerated, BRAT diet
Gastrostomy Tube Feeding Process and Care - correct answer ✔Placed into
the abdominal wall endoscopically. Assess the insertion site for signs of
infection or excoriation. Inspect the insertion site and change the dressing
once a day. Be certain the the tube is intact and that the mark on the tube is at
the skin surface before starting or adding to the feeding. If not, stop the
