EXAM 1 MEDICAL LAB SCIENCES 300
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS|100% CORRECT|GRADE A+
Pathologists - ANSWER Are typically directors of the entire laboratory. M.D. or D.O.
Use of Laboratory Tests - ANSWER 1) Diagnosis and Treatment of Disease - Up to 80% of medical
diagnostic and treatment decisions are based on laboratory results.
2) Monitoring Disease & Prevention of Disease
3) Maintenance of Health
4) Research, Drug Development
5) Veterinary Medicine
6) Food Production & Development and Food Quality
7) Community Outreach
8) Crime Labs
Anatomical Pathology department does - ANSWER Histology (tissue preparation), Autopsy services,
Cytology (Pap test), Cytogenetics
Laboratory Medicine Sections - ANSWER 1) Hematology, Coagulation, Chemistry, Blood Bank/Transfusion
Services, etc.
2) Molecular Diagnostics
3) Point of Care Testing
Support services - ANSWER Phlebotomy, Specimen Processing, Clerical Services, Laboratory Information
Services
May have area managers (specialists in those areas) in which departments? - ANSWER Hematology,
Coagulation, Chemistry, Blood Bank/Transfusion Services...
Hematology - ANSWER Blood cells & Diseases of blood cells, Anemia and Leukemia
,Coagulation - ANSWER Coagulation Factors (proteins) in the blood help control bleeding. They compose
the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pathways of Coagulation.
Urinalysis - ANSWER The physical, chemical, and microscopic analysis of urine.
Clinical Chemistry - ANSWER The measurement of chemical substances in the body (glucose, hormones,
minerals). The study of how levels of chemicals can be altered in the presence of disease processes.
Microbiology - ANSWER Detection of microbes that cause disease and are called Pathogens
(bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, virology).
Clinical Immunology - ANSWER The study of the Immune Response, how the body reacts to injury and
insult. Testing methods detect infectious agents based on the body's immune response, detecting
antibodies produced to antigens
Blood Bank/Transfusion Services - ANSWER The study of blood for transfusion and the testing related to
safe blood transfusion ( screening donors, drawing units, preparing components, checking compatibility).
Molecular Diagnostics - ANSWER This may be a separate area or part of the Microbiology or Clinical
Chemistry departments. Molecular Diagnostics adds a predictive component to a disease or condition.
adds a predictive component to a disease or condition.
Quality Assurance - ANSWER All methods are used to assure the accuracy and precision of laboratory
tests
1500 BC - ANSWER 1) Parasites & their eggs in feces were described
2) Hindu doctors: ants attracted to the urine of diabetics
Middle Ages - ANSWER Autopsies were performed
, Late 17th century - ANSWER The compound microscope was invented by Anton van Leeuwenhoek. Also,
Initial designs looking like a telescope were made in the 1590s by Zacharias Jansen
1850's Carl Zeiss - ANSWER Worked with Otto Schott and Ernst Abbe to improve the optical quality and
manufacturing process
19th Century: - ANSWER a) Pathology evolved as a "cellular" based science
b) Diagnosis of disease was based on changes in body cells
c) Chemicals as elements were classified
i) The composition of materials was studied
d) Bacteria were cultured on media
i) By the 1890s, Petri dishes and agar were developed
e) Joseph Lister, "father of antiseptic surgery."
i) Handwashing, sterilizing instruments, etc.
Late 19th Century - ANSWER The first labs were research labs:
i) Example: Johns Hopkins University Lab (1885)
(1) 1885: used for teaching medical students
(2) Students and interns tested specimens
(3) Johns Hopkins Hospital Lab was not opened yet
1) 1900-1920: physicians trained individuals to perform tests and what are the requirements: - ANSWER
i) They needed to be interested in lab work
ii) Be trained by a physician
iii) 1900: Approximately 100 lab technicians, all male
1916 - ANSWER 1) Pennsylvania enacted a law that hospitals had to employ a lab technician to do lab
work
Established the need for training programs
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS|100% CORRECT|GRADE A+
Pathologists - ANSWER Are typically directors of the entire laboratory. M.D. or D.O.
Use of Laboratory Tests - ANSWER 1) Diagnosis and Treatment of Disease - Up to 80% of medical
diagnostic and treatment decisions are based on laboratory results.
2) Monitoring Disease & Prevention of Disease
3) Maintenance of Health
4) Research, Drug Development
5) Veterinary Medicine
6) Food Production & Development and Food Quality
7) Community Outreach
8) Crime Labs
Anatomical Pathology department does - ANSWER Histology (tissue preparation), Autopsy services,
Cytology (Pap test), Cytogenetics
Laboratory Medicine Sections - ANSWER 1) Hematology, Coagulation, Chemistry, Blood Bank/Transfusion
Services, etc.
2) Molecular Diagnostics
3) Point of Care Testing
Support services - ANSWER Phlebotomy, Specimen Processing, Clerical Services, Laboratory Information
Services
May have area managers (specialists in those areas) in which departments? - ANSWER Hematology,
Coagulation, Chemistry, Blood Bank/Transfusion Services...
Hematology - ANSWER Blood cells & Diseases of blood cells, Anemia and Leukemia
,Coagulation - ANSWER Coagulation Factors (proteins) in the blood help control bleeding. They compose
the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pathways of Coagulation.
Urinalysis - ANSWER The physical, chemical, and microscopic analysis of urine.
Clinical Chemistry - ANSWER The measurement of chemical substances in the body (glucose, hormones,
minerals). The study of how levels of chemicals can be altered in the presence of disease processes.
Microbiology - ANSWER Detection of microbes that cause disease and are called Pathogens
(bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, virology).
Clinical Immunology - ANSWER The study of the Immune Response, how the body reacts to injury and
insult. Testing methods detect infectious agents based on the body's immune response, detecting
antibodies produced to antigens
Blood Bank/Transfusion Services - ANSWER The study of blood for transfusion and the testing related to
safe blood transfusion ( screening donors, drawing units, preparing components, checking compatibility).
Molecular Diagnostics - ANSWER This may be a separate area or part of the Microbiology or Clinical
Chemistry departments. Molecular Diagnostics adds a predictive component to a disease or condition.
adds a predictive component to a disease or condition.
Quality Assurance - ANSWER All methods are used to assure the accuracy and precision of laboratory
tests
1500 BC - ANSWER 1) Parasites & their eggs in feces were described
2) Hindu doctors: ants attracted to the urine of diabetics
Middle Ages - ANSWER Autopsies were performed
, Late 17th century - ANSWER The compound microscope was invented by Anton van Leeuwenhoek. Also,
Initial designs looking like a telescope were made in the 1590s by Zacharias Jansen
1850's Carl Zeiss - ANSWER Worked with Otto Schott and Ernst Abbe to improve the optical quality and
manufacturing process
19th Century: - ANSWER a) Pathology evolved as a "cellular" based science
b) Diagnosis of disease was based on changes in body cells
c) Chemicals as elements were classified
i) The composition of materials was studied
d) Bacteria were cultured on media
i) By the 1890s, Petri dishes and agar were developed
e) Joseph Lister, "father of antiseptic surgery."
i) Handwashing, sterilizing instruments, etc.
Late 19th Century - ANSWER The first labs were research labs:
i) Example: Johns Hopkins University Lab (1885)
(1) 1885: used for teaching medical students
(2) Students and interns tested specimens
(3) Johns Hopkins Hospital Lab was not opened yet
1) 1900-1920: physicians trained individuals to perform tests and what are the requirements: - ANSWER
i) They needed to be interested in lab work
ii) Be trained by a physician
iii) 1900: Approximately 100 lab technicians, all male
1916 - ANSWER 1) Pennsylvania enacted a law that hospitals had to employ a lab technician to do lab
work
Established the need for training programs
