Penn Foster Pharmacology Questions
With Complete Solutions!!
define ‘.agonist ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-A ‘.drug ‘.with ‘.a ‘.high ‘.level ‘.of ‘.affinity ‘.and ‘.efficacy ‘.that
‘.binds ‘.to ‘.a ‘.receptor ‘.and ‘.casues ‘.a ‘.specific ‘.action.
define ‘.contraindiction ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.reason ‘.not ‘.to ‘.use ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.in ‘.a ‘.particular
‘.situation, ‘.causes ‘.undesirable ‘.side ‘.effects
define ‘.efficacy ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-the ‘.degree ‘.to ‘.which ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.produces ‘.its ‘.desired
‘.response.
define ‘.over ‘.the ‘.counter ‘.drug ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.drug ‘.that ‘.may ‘.be ‘.purchased ‘.without
‘.a ‘.prescription ‘.from ‘.a ‘.vet
define ‘.prescription ‘.drug ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.drug ‘.that ‘.must ‘.be ‘.prescribed ‘.by ‘.a ‘.vet ‘.and
‘.taken ‘.while ‘.under ‘.the ‘.supervision ‘.of ‘.a ‘.vet
define ‘.receptor ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.molecule ‘.located ‘.on ‘.a ‘.cell ‘.that ‘.binds ‘.with ‘.drugs ‘.or
‘.neurotransmitters ‘.to ‘.cause ‘.an ‘.effect
define ‘.therapeutic ‘.index ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-the ‘.relationship ‘.between ‘.a ‘.drug's ‘.ability ‘.to
‘.achieve ‘.the ‘.desired ‘.effect ‘.compared ‘.to ‘.its ‘.tendency ‘.to ‘.produce ‘.toxic ‘.effects. ‘.Expressed
‘.as ‘.a ‘.ration ‘.between ‘.the ‘.LD ‘.and ‘.the ‘.ED. ‘.LD/ED ‘.50% ‘.of ‘.the ‘.time.
define ‘.withdrawal ‘.time ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-the ‘.amount ‘.of ‘.time ‘.that ‘.must ‘.elapse ‘.between
‘.the ‘.end ‘.of ‘.drug ‘.therapy ‘.and ‘.the ‘.elimination ‘.of ‘.that ‘.drug ‘.from ‘.the ‘.patients ‘.tissue ‘.or
‘.products.
define ‘.veterinarian ‘.client ‘.patient ‘.relationship ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-the ‘.relationship ‘.that ‘.must
‘.exist ‘.between ‘.the ‘.veterinarians, ‘.hris ‘.or ‘.her ‘.patient ‘.and ‘.the ‘.patient's ‘.owner ‘.before
‘.prescription ‘.drugs ‘.may ‘.be ‘.dispensed
List ‘.four ‘.sources ‘.of ‘.drugs ‘.used ‘.in ‘.veterinary ‘.medicine ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-animal
‘.products, ‘.plant ‘.products, ‘.minerals, ‘.and ‘.synthetic ‘.products
, what ‘.are ‘.four ‘.components ‘.of ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.regimen ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-includes ‘.the ‘.dose, ‘.the
‘.route ‘.of ‘.administration, ‘.the ‘.frequency ‘.of ‘.administration, ‘.and ‘.the ‘.duration ‘.of
‘.administration
discuss ‘.the ‘.conditions ‘.that ‘.must ‘.be ‘.met ‘.before ‘.a ‘.valid ‘.veterinarian-client-patient
‘.relationship ‘.can ‘.be ‘.shown ‘.to ‘.exist. ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-1. ‘.the ‘.vet ‘.must ‘.assume
‘.responsibility ‘.for ‘.making ‘.clinical ‘.judgements ‘.in ‘.relation ‘.to ‘.the ‘.health ‘.of ‘.the ‘.animal. ‘.2.
‘.the ‘.vet ‘.must ‘.have ‘.recently ‘.seen ‘.the ‘.animal ‘.and ‘.be ‘.acquainted ‘.with ‘.its ‘.care ‘.and ‘.3.
‘.the ‘.vet ‘.must ‘.be ‘.available ‘.for ‘.follow ‘.up ‘.care ‘.of ‘.the ‘.animal.
discuss ‘.the ‘.responsibilities ‘.of ‘.a ‘.veterinary ‘.technician ‘.in ‘.the ‘.administration ‘.of ‘.drug ‘.orders.
‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-carry ‘.out ‘.orders ‘.correctly, ‘.read ‘.the ‘.drug ‘.label ‘.3x ‘.to ‘.ensure ‘.that ‘.the
‘.proper ‘.drug ‘.is ‘.being ‘.adminstered ‘.and ‘.take ‘.care ‘.to ‘.administer ‘.the ‘.correct ‘.dose ‘.by ‘.the
‘.correct ‘.route. ‘.be ‘.aware ‘.of ‘.posibble ‘.side ‘.effects ‘.and ‘.monitor ‘.patient ‘.in ‘.a ‘.responsible
‘.way.
Describe ‘.the ‘.sequense ‘.of ‘.events ‘.that ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.undergoes ‘.from ‘.administration ‘.to ‘.excretion.
‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.drug ‘.is ‘.first ‘.absorbed ‘.or ‘.directly ‘.placed ‘.into ‘.the ‘.bloodstream. ‘.In
‘.the ‘.blood, ‘.the ‘.drug ‘.may ‘.bind ‘.with ‘.a ‘.plasma ‘.protein ‘.or ‘.exist ‘.in ‘.the ‘.free ‘.state. ‘.The
‘.circulating ‘.blood ‘.distributes ‘.the ‘.drug ‘.to ‘.the ‘.capillary ‘.level, ‘.where ‘.the ‘.drug ‘.leaves ‘.the
‘.circulation ‘.and ‘.enters ‘.the ‘.interstitial ‘.fluid. ‘.The ‘.interstitial ‘.fluid ‘.bathes ‘.the ‘.cell ‘.or ‘.bind
‘.with ‘.surface ‘.receptors. ‘.The ‘.drug ‘.then ‘.exits ‘.the ‘.cell ‘.or ‘.its ‘.surface, ‘.moves ‘.back ‘.to
‘.interstitial ‘.fluid, ‘.reenters ‘.circulation ‘.and ‘.then ‘.is ‘.metabolized ‘.in ‘.the ‘.liver ‘.and ‘.sent ‘.to ‘.the
‘.kidneys ‘.for ‘.excretion.
List ‘.11 ‘.possible ‘.routes ‘.for ‘.administering ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.and ‘.discuss ‘.the ‘.advatages ‘.and/or
‘.disadvantages ‘.of ‘.each. ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-1. ‘.oral ‘.route ‘.2. ‘.SQ ‘.3.IM ‘.4. ‘.IV ‘.5. ‘.IP ‘.6. ‘.IA,
‘.intraarterial ‘.7. ‘.IC, ‘.intracardiac ‘.8. ‘.IM, ‘.intramedullary ‘.9. ‘.Inhalation ‘.10. ‘.topical ‘.11.
‘.intradermal
List ‘.some ‘.of ‘.the ‘.factors ‘.that ‘.influence ‘.drug ‘.absorption ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-1. ‘.method ‘.of
‘.absorbtion, ‘.2. ‘.the ‘.ph ‘.of ‘.the ‘.durg ‘.and ‘.its ‘.ionization ‘.status, ‘.3. ‘.the ‘.absorptive ‘.surface
‘.area, ‘.4. ‘.the ‘.blood ‘.supply ‘.to ‘.the ‘.area, ‘.5. ‘.the ‘.solubility ‘.of ‘.the ‘.drug, ‘.6. ‘.the ‘.dosage
‘.form, ‘.7. ‘.the ‘.status ‘.of ‘.the ‘.gi ‘.tract ‘.8 ‘.interactions ‘.with ‘.other ‘.drugs
Most ‘.biotransformation ‘.of ‘.drugs ‘.occurs ‘.in ‘.where? ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-liver
Must ‘.durg ‘.excretion ‘.occurs ‘.via? ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-kidneys
Drugs ‘.usually ‘.produce ‘.their ‘.effects ‘.by ‘.combining ‘.with ‘.specific ‘.cellular ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-
receptors
The ‘.drug ‘.name ‘.that ‘.is ‘.chosen ‘.by ‘.the ‘.manufacturer ‘.and ‘.that ‘.is ‘.the ‘.exclusive ‘.property ‘.of
‘.that ‘.company ‘.is ‘.called ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-proprietary/trade
With Complete Solutions!!
define ‘.agonist ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-A ‘.drug ‘.with ‘.a ‘.high ‘.level ‘.of ‘.affinity ‘.and ‘.efficacy ‘.that
‘.binds ‘.to ‘.a ‘.receptor ‘.and ‘.casues ‘.a ‘.specific ‘.action.
define ‘.contraindiction ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.reason ‘.not ‘.to ‘.use ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.in ‘.a ‘.particular
‘.situation, ‘.causes ‘.undesirable ‘.side ‘.effects
define ‘.efficacy ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-the ‘.degree ‘.to ‘.which ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.produces ‘.its ‘.desired
‘.response.
define ‘.over ‘.the ‘.counter ‘.drug ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.drug ‘.that ‘.may ‘.be ‘.purchased ‘.without
‘.a ‘.prescription ‘.from ‘.a ‘.vet
define ‘.prescription ‘.drug ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.drug ‘.that ‘.must ‘.be ‘.prescribed ‘.by ‘.a ‘.vet ‘.and
‘.taken ‘.while ‘.under ‘.the ‘.supervision ‘.of ‘.a ‘.vet
define ‘.receptor ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.molecule ‘.located ‘.on ‘.a ‘.cell ‘.that ‘.binds ‘.with ‘.drugs ‘.or
‘.neurotransmitters ‘.to ‘.cause ‘.an ‘.effect
define ‘.therapeutic ‘.index ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-the ‘.relationship ‘.between ‘.a ‘.drug's ‘.ability ‘.to
‘.achieve ‘.the ‘.desired ‘.effect ‘.compared ‘.to ‘.its ‘.tendency ‘.to ‘.produce ‘.toxic ‘.effects. ‘.Expressed
‘.as ‘.a ‘.ration ‘.between ‘.the ‘.LD ‘.and ‘.the ‘.ED. ‘.LD/ED ‘.50% ‘.of ‘.the ‘.time.
define ‘.withdrawal ‘.time ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-the ‘.amount ‘.of ‘.time ‘.that ‘.must ‘.elapse ‘.between
‘.the ‘.end ‘.of ‘.drug ‘.therapy ‘.and ‘.the ‘.elimination ‘.of ‘.that ‘.drug ‘.from ‘.the ‘.patients ‘.tissue ‘.or
‘.products.
define ‘.veterinarian ‘.client ‘.patient ‘.relationship ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-the ‘.relationship ‘.that ‘.must
‘.exist ‘.between ‘.the ‘.veterinarians, ‘.hris ‘.or ‘.her ‘.patient ‘.and ‘.the ‘.patient's ‘.owner ‘.before
‘.prescription ‘.drugs ‘.may ‘.be ‘.dispensed
List ‘.four ‘.sources ‘.of ‘.drugs ‘.used ‘.in ‘.veterinary ‘.medicine ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-animal
‘.products, ‘.plant ‘.products, ‘.minerals, ‘.and ‘.synthetic ‘.products
, what ‘.are ‘.four ‘.components ‘.of ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.regimen ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-includes ‘.the ‘.dose, ‘.the
‘.route ‘.of ‘.administration, ‘.the ‘.frequency ‘.of ‘.administration, ‘.and ‘.the ‘.duration ‘.of
‘.administration
discuss ‘.the ‘.conditions ‘.that ‘.must ‘.be ‘.met ‘.before ‘.a ‘.valid ‘.veterinarian-client-patient
‘.relationship ‘.can ‘.be ‘.shown ‘.to ‘.exist. ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-1. ‘.the ‘.vet ‘.must ‘.assume
‘.responsibility ‘.for ‘.making ‘.clinical ‘.judgements ‘.in ‘.relation ‘.to ‘.the ‘.health ‘.of ‘.the ‘.animal. ‘.2.
‘.the ‘.vet ‘.must ‘.have ‘.recently ‘.seen ‘.the ‘.animal ‘.and ‘.be ‘.acquainted ‘.with ‘.its ‘.care ‘.and ‘.3.
‘.the ‘.vet ‘.must ‘.be ‘.available ‘.for ‘.follow ‘.up ‘.care ‘.of ‘.the ‘.animal.
discuss ‘.the ‘.responsibilities ‘.of ‘.a ‘.veterinary ‘.technician ‘.in ‘.the ‘.administration ‘.of ‘.drug ‘.orders.
‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-carry ‘.out ‘.orders ‘.correctly, ‘.read ‘.the ‘.drug ‘.label ‘.3x ‘.to ‘.ensure ‘.that ‘.the
‘.proper ‘.drug ‘.is ‘.being ‘.adminstered ‘.and ‘.take ‘.care ‘.to ‘.administer ‘.the ‘.correct ‘.dose ‘.by ‘.the
‘.correct ‘.route. ‘.be ‘.aware ‘.of ‘.posibble ‘.side ‘.effects ‘.and ‘.monitor ‘.patient ‘.in ‘.a ‘.responsible
‘.way.
Describe ‘.the ‘.sequense ‘.of ‘.events ‘.that ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.undergoes ‘.from ‘.administration ‘.to ‘.excretion.
‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-a ‘.drug ‘.is ‘.first ‘.absorbed ‘.or ‘.directly ‘.placed ‘.into ‘.the ‘.bloodstream. ‘.In
‘.the ‘.blood, ‘.the ‘.drug ‘.may ‘.bind ‘.with ‘.a ‘.plasma ‘.protein ‘.or ‘.exist ‘.in ‘.the ‘.free ‘.state. ‘.The
‘.circulating ‘.blood ‘.distributes ‘.the ‘.drug ‘.to ‘.the ‘.capillary ‘.level, ‘.where ‘.the ‘.drug ‘.leaves ‘.the
‘.circulation ‘.and ‘.enters ‘.the ‘.interstitial ‘.fluid. ‘.The ‘.interstitial ‘.fluid ‘.bathes ‘.the ‘.cell ‘.or ‘.bind
‘.with ‘.surface ‘.receptors. ‘.The ‘.drug ‘.then ‘.exits ‘.the ‘.cell ‘.or ‘.its ‘.surface, ‘.moves ‘.back ‘.to
‘.interstitial ‘.fluid, ‘.reenters ‘.circulation ‘.and ‘.then ‘.is ‘.metabolized ‘.in ‘.the ‘.liver ‘.and ‘.sent ‘.to ‘.the
‘.kidneys ‘.for ‘.excretion.
List ‘.11 ‘.possible ‘.routes ‘.for ‘.administering ‘.a ‘.drug ‘.and ‘.discuss ‘.the ‘.advatages ‘.and/or
‘.disadvantages ‘.of ‘.each. ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-1. ‘.oral ‘.route ‘.2. ‘.SQ ‘.3.IM ‘.4. ‘.IV ‘.5. ‘.IP ‘.6. ‘.IA,
‘.intraarterial ‘.7. ‘.IC, ‘.intracardiac ‘.8. ‘.IM, ‘.intramedullary ‘.9. ‘.Inhalation ‘.10. ‘.topical ‘.11.
‘.intradermal
List ‘.some ‘.of ‘.the ‘.factors ‘.that ‘.influence ‘.drug ‘.absorption ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-1. ‘.method ‘.of
‘.absorbtion, ‘.2. ‘.the ‘.ph ‘.of ‘.the ‘.durg ‘.and ‘.its ‘.ionization ‘.status, ‘.3. ‘.the ‘.absorptive ‘.surface
‘.area, ‘.4. ‘.the ‘.blood ‘.supply ‘.to ‘.the ‘.area, ‘.5. ‘.the ‘.solubility ‘.of ‘.the ‘.drug, ‘.6. ‘.the ‘.dosage
‘.form, ‘.7. ‘.the ‘.status ‘.of ‘.the ‘.gi ‘.tract ‘.8 ‘.interactions ‘.with ‘.other ‘.drugs
Most ‘.biotransformation ‘.of ‘.drugs ‘.occurs ‘.in ‘.where? ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-liver
Must ‘.durg ‘.excretion ‘.occurs ‘.via? ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-kidneys
Drugs ‘.usually ‘.produce ‘.their ‘.effects ‘.by ‘.combining ‘.with ‘.specific ‘.cellular ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-
receptors
The ‘.drug ‘.name ‘.that ‘.is ‘.chosen ‘.by ‘.the ‘.manufacturer ‘.and ‘.that ‘.is ‘.the ‘.exclusive ‘.property ‘.of
‘.that ‘.company ‘.is ‘.called ‘.- ‘.(correct ‘.answer) ‘.-proprietary/trade
