2024 COMSAE 107:- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
(Graded A+)
DMARD drug for UC/Crohns/RA Correct Answer sulfasalazine
2 factors that influence starling curve Correct Answer x axis- preload (EDV)
y axis- stroke volume or CO
treatment for fibromyalgia Correct Answer TCA, SNRIs anticonvulsants
what blocks NE reuptake? Correct Answer TCA or SNRIs
possible complication of pagets bone disease Correct Answer osteocarcoma
what does Hct tell you? Correct Answer ratio of volume of RBCs compared to total
blood volume
probenecid Correct Answer inhibits reabsoprtion of uric acid in PCT
- also inhibits secretion of PCN
- can ppt uric acid calculi
2 causes of SCID Correct Answer ADA deficiency
(adenosine deaminase required for degradation of adenosim and deoxyadenosine
- in ADA deficiency, high levels of dATP --> toxicity in lymphocytes --> SCID
hypoplastic thymus
lithiums effects on urination Correct Answer inhibits vasopression/ADH --> increased
urinary frequency
,infertility drug that can result in multiple fetuses Correct Answer clomiphene (clones-
multiple babies)
antagonist at estrogen R in hypothalamus (thus inhibits normal negative feedback)
upregulates LH and FSH release from pituitary --> ovulation
used to treat PCOS but can cause ovarian enlargement, multiple fetuses
AFP levels in down syndrome Correct Answer low
GI malformation A/W down syndrome Correct Answer Hirschprungs- congenital
aganglionic megacolon
defective relaxation and peristalsis of rectum and distal sigmoid colon
failure to pass meconium, empty rectal vault, megacolon
myasthenia gravis associations Correct Answer thymoma, thymic hyperplasia
ptosis, diplopia, can affect chewing, swallowing, speaking, shoulders, respiration
tx for tinea Correct Answer azoles
beta blockers for asthma Correct Answer none- even beta 1s can be nonselective at
higher doses
pulmonary effects of CF Correct Answer chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis
osteoporosis affects what parts of bone? Correct Answer (spongy and ) trabecular bone
mass loss
,imipramine Correct Answer TCA
SE: Tri-Cs
convulsions
coma
cardiotox
antichol effects- confusion in elderly; (acute glaucoma and orthostatic hypotension-
block alpha1)
viscerosomatic Correct Answer visceral disease --> somatic finding
loratidine vs ranitidine Correct Answer loratidine: 2nd gen H1 blocker, doesnt cross BBB
--> less sedating
ranitidine: H2 receptor antagonist (like cimetidine)
cells w RBCs inside Correct Answer entaemoba histolytica
which type of pneumothorax causes tracheal deviation to the contra side? Correct
Answer tension
intracerebral hemorrhage adjacent to a lesion that contains a tangle of numerous
tortuous vessels Correct Answer AVM arteriovenous malformation
cavernous hemangioma Correct Answer benign tumor of liver, A/W VHL
anti-HepB surface antibody is only present in what pop Correct Answer recovered or
immunized
, not in chronic or
proctalgia fugax Correct Answer levator ani syndrome
fasciculus is UMN or LMN lesion? Correct Answer LMN
ectopic gastric tissue Correct Answer meckels diverticulum
can also have ectopic pancreatic tissue
remnant of vitelline duct
antibodies in hashimotos attacks Correct Answer thyroid peroxidase or antithyroglobulin
enlarged non tender thyroid
what kind of teratogenic effects are seen w ACE/ARBs Correct Answer fetal renal
agenesis
stones bones groans moans psych overtones Correct Answer high Ca or PTH
PTH is made by what cells? Correct Answer chief cells of parathyroid gland
PTH inhibits reabsorption of phosphate where? increases calcium resorption where?
Correct Answer PO4- proximal tubule
ca- DCT
anterior innominate rotation means tight hip flexors or extensors? Correct Answer
extensor- hamstrings
thoracic CS Correct Answer E SaRa
(Graded A+)
DMARD drug for UC/Crohns/RA Correct Answer sulfasalazine
2 factors that influence starling curve Correct Answer x axis- preload (EDV)
y axis- stroke volume or CO
treatment for fibromyalgia Correct Answer TCA, SNRIs anticonvulsants
what blocks NE reuptake? Correct Answer TCA or SNRIs
possible complication of pagets bone disease Correct Answer osteocarcoma
what does Hct tell you? Correct Answer ratio of volume of RBCs compared to total
blood volume
probenecid Correct Answer inhibits reabsoprtion of uric acid in PCT
- also inhibits secretion of PCN
- can ppt uric acid calculi
2 causes of SCID Correct Answer ADA deficiency
(adenosine deaminase required for degradation of adenosim and deoxyadenosine
- in ADA deficiency, high levels of dATP --> toxicity in lymphocytes --> SCID
hypoplastic thymus
lithiums effects on urination Correct Answer inhibits vasopression/ADH --> increased
urinary frequency
,infertility drug that can result in multiple fetuses Correct Answer clomiphene (clones-
multiple babies)
antagonist at estrogen R in hypothalamus (thus inhibits normal negative feedback)
upregulates LH and FSH release from pituitary --> ovulation
used to treat PCOS but can cause ovarian enlargement, multiple fetuses
AFP levels in down syndrome Correct Answer low
GI malformation A/W down syndrome Correct Answer Hirschprungs- congenital
aganglionic megacolon
defective relaxation and peristalsis of rectum and distal sigmoid colon
failure to pass meconium, empty rectal vault, megacolon
myasthenia gravis associations Correct Answer thymoma, thymic hyperplasia
ptosis, diplopia, can affect chewing, swallowing, speaking, shoulders, respiration
tx for tinea Correct Answer azoles
beta blockers for asthma Correct Answer none- even beta 1s can be nonselective at
higher doses
pulmonary effects of CF Correct Answer chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis
osteoporosis affects what parts of bone? Correct Answer (spongy and ) trabecular bone
mass loss
,imipramine Correct Answer TCA
SE: Tri-Cs
convulsions
coma
cardiotox
antichol effects- confusion in elderly; (acute glaucoma and orthostatic hypotension-
block alpha1)
viscerosomatic Correct Answer visceral disease --> somatic finding
loratidine vs ranitidine Correct Answer loratidine: 2nd gen H1 blocker, doesnt cross BBB
--> less sedating
ranitidine: H2 receptor antagonist (like cimetidine)
cells w RBCs inside Correct Answer entaemoba histolytica
which type of pneumothorax causes tracheal deviation to the contra side? Correct
Answer tension
intracerebral hemorrhage adjacent to a lesion that contains a tangle of numerous
tortuous vessels Correct Answer AVM arteriovenous malformation
cavernous hemangioma Correct Answer benign tumor of liver, A/W VHL
anti-HepB surface antibody is only present in what pop Correct Answer recovered or
immunized
, not in chronic or
proctalgia fugax Correct Answer levator ani syndrome
fasciculus is UMN or LMN lesion? Correct Answer LMN
ectopic gastric tissue Correct Answer meckels diverticulum
can also have ectopic pancreatic tissue
remnant of vitelline duct
antibodies in hashimotos attacks Correct Answer thyroid peroxidase or antithyroglobulin
enlarged non tender thyroid
what kind of teratogenic effects are seen w ACE/ARBs Correct Answer fetal renal
agenesis
stones bones groans moans psych overtones Correct Answer high Ca or PTH
PTH is made by what cells? Correct Answer chief cells of parathyroid gland
PTH inhibits reabsorption of phosphate where? increases calcium resorption where?
Correct Answer PO4- proximal tubule
ca- DCT
anterior innominate rotation means tight hip flexors or extensors? Correct Answer
extensor- hamstrings
thoracic CS Correct Answer E SaRa
