Test Bank For Clinical Manifestations & Assessment of
Respiratory Disease 8th Edition By Terry Des Jardins; George
G. Burton 9780323553698 Chapter 1-45 Complete Guide .
What are the four major vital signs? - ANSWER: - Temperature
- Pulse
- Respiratory Rate
- Blood Pressure
What is the fifth vital sign? - ANSWER: pulse oximetry (SpO2)
What is the core body temperature generally? - ANSWER: 37°C (98.6 (°F)
According to estimates what is the body temperature in relation to pt oxygen consumption? -
ANSWER: for every 1°C increase the oxygen consumption increases about 10%
Define afebrile - ANSWER: temperature within normal range
Define pyrexia or hyperthermia - ANSWER: temperature above normal range
Define febrile - ANSWER: fever, temperature rises above normal range
Define hyperpyrexia - ANSWER: exceptionally high temperature above 41°C (105.8°F)
Formula to convert °C to °F - ANSWER: °F= (9/5* °C) +32
Formula to convert °F to °C - ANSWER: °C= 5/9 (°F-32)
What are the average vital signs for a newborn? - ANSWER: Temp (°F): 96-99.5
Pulse (bpm): 100-180
Respirations (breaths/min): 30-60
BP (mmHg): 60-90/20-60
What are the average vital signs for a child (6-12yrs)? - ANSWER: Temp (°F): 98.6
Pulse (bpm): 65-100
Respirations (breaths/min): 20-30
BP (mmHg): 100-110/60-70
What are the four common types of fever? - ANSWER: intermittent fever,
remittent fever,
relapsing fever,
and constant fever
Intermittent fever - ANSWER: periods of fever, normal range, and below normal
Remittent fever - ANSWER: marked peaks and valleys over a 24 hour period of time.
Relapsing fever - ANSWER: when short febrile periods of a few days are interspaced 1 or 2 days of
normal temperature
Continuous fever - ANSWER: when temperature stays above normal with no fluctuation
Hypothermia may occur from what? - ANSWER: - excessive heat loss
- inadequate heat production to counteract heat loss
, - impaired hypothalamic thermoregulation
What are clinical signs of hypothermia? - ANSWER: - below normal body temperature
- decreased pulse and respiratory rate
- severe shivering (initially)
- pt indicating coldness or presence of chills
- pale or blush cool, waxy skin
- hypotension
- decreased urinary output
- lack of muscle coordination
- disorientation
- drowsiness or unresponsiveness
- coma
Define pulse - ANSWER: is a rhythmic arterial blood pressure throb created by the pumping action of
the ventricular muscle
What are the characteristics of a pulse? - ANSWER: - rate
- rhythm
- strength
Bradycardia - ANSWER: heart rate below 60 bpm
tachycardia - ANSWER: heart rate above 100 bpm
sinus arrhythmia - ANSWER: heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during exhalation
(not uncommon in children and young adults)
pulsus alternans - ANSWER: pulse varies every other beat while the rhythm remains regular
Pulsus paradoxus - ANSWER: pulse decreases noticeably in strength during inspiration and increases
back to normal during exalhation
Tachypnea - ANSWER: increased breath rate
Bradypnea - ANSWER: decreased breath rate
systolic blood pressure - ANSWER: the blood pressure measured during ventricular contraction
diastolic blood pressure - ANSWER: during ventricular relaxation, blood pressure is generated by the
elastic recoil of the arteries and arterioles
pulse pressure - ANSWER: the numeric difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures
BP= V*R - ANSWER: BP: blood pressure
V: flow
R: resistance
Cardiac Output formula - ANSWER: CO= SV* HR
poor cardiac pumping - ANSWER: ventricular failure
Hypertension - ANSWER: when an individuals blood pressure is chronically above normal range
primary hypertension - ANSWER: elevated blood pressure of unknown cause
secondary hypertension - ANSWER: elevated blood pressure of a known cause
Respiratory Disease 8th Edition By Terry Des Jardins; George
G. Burton 9780323553698 Chapter 1-45 Complete Guide .
What are the four major vital signs? - ANSWER: - Temperature
- Pulse
- Respiratory Rate
- Blood Pressure
What is the fifth vital sign? - ANSWER: pulse oximetry (SpO2)
What is the core body temperature generally? - ANSWER: 37°C (98.6 (°F)
According to estimates what is the body temperature in relation to pt oxygen consumption? -
ANSWER: for every 1°C increase the oxygen consumption increases about 10%
Define afebrile - ANSWER: temperature within normal range
Define pyrexia or hyperthermia - ANSWER: temperature above normal range
Define febrile - ANSWER: fever, temperature rises above normal range
Define hyperpyrexia - ANSWER: exceptionally high temperature above 41°C (105.8°F)
Formula to convert °C to °F - ANSWER: °F= (9/5* °C) +32
Formula to convert °F to °C - ANSWER: °C= 5/9 (°F-32)
What are the average vital signs for a newborn? - ANSWER: Temp (°F): 96-99.5
Pulse (bpm): 100-180
Respirations (breaths/min): 30-60
BP (mmHg): 60-90/20-60
What are the average vital signs for a child (6-12yrs)? - ANSWER: Temp (°F): 98.6
Pulse (bpm): 65-100
Respirations (breaths/min): 20-30
BP (mmHg): 100-110/60-70
What are the four common types of fever? - ANSWER: intermittent fever,
remittent fever,
relapsing fever,
and constant fever
Intermittent fever - ANSWER: periods of fever, normal range, and below normal
Remittent fever - ANSWER: marked peaks and valleys over a 24 hour period of time.
Relapsing fever - ANSWER: when short febrile periods of a few days are interspaced 1 or 2 days of
normal temperature
Continuous fever - ANSWER: when temperature stays above normal with no fluctuation
Hypothermia may occur from what? - ANSWER: - excessive heat loss
- inadequate heat production to counteract heat loss
, - impaired hypothalamic thermoregulation
What are clinical signs of hypothermia? - ANSWER: - below normal body temperature
- decreased pulse and respiratory rate
- severe shivering (initially)
- pt indicating coldness or presence of chills
- pale or blush cool, waxy skin
- hypotension
- decreased urinary output
- lack of muscle coordination
- disorientation
- drowsiness or unresponsiveness
- coma
Define pulse - ANSWER: is a rhythmic arterial blood pressure throb created by the pumping action of
the ventricular muscle
What are the characteristics of a pulse? - ANSWER: - rate
- rhythm
- strength
Bradycardia - ANSWER: heart rate below 60 bpm
tachycardia - ANSWER: heart rate above 100 bpm
sinus arrhythmia - ANSWER: heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during exhalation
(not uncommon in children and young adults)
pulsus alternans - ANSWER: pulse varies every other beat while the rhythm remains regular
Pulsus paradoxus - ANSWER: pulse decreases noticeably in strength during inspiration and increases
back to normal during exalhation
Tachypnea - ANSWER: increased breath rate
Bradypnea - ANSWER: decreased breath rate
systolic blood pressure - ANSWER: the blood pressure measured during ventricular contraction
diastolic blood pressure - ANSWER: during ventricular relaxation, blood pressure is generated by the
elastic recoil of the arteries and arterioles
pulse pressure - ANSWER: the numeric difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures
BP= V*R - ANSWER: BP: blood pressure
V: flow
R: resistance
Cardiac Output formula - ANSWER: CO= SV* HR
poor cardiac pumping - ANSWER: ventricular failure
Hypertension - ANSWER: when an individuals blood pressure is chronically above normal range
primary hypertension - ANSWER: elevated blood pressure of unknown cause
secondary hypertension - ANSWER: elevated blood pressure of a known cause
