Test Bank For Anatomy and Physiology 7th Edition Marieb By
Elaine Marieb , Katja Hoehn 9780135168042 ALL Chapters .
How Does Chemistry Play A Vital Role In Anatomy? - ANSWER: The body is made up of 1000s of
chemicals that are continuously interacting. Chemical reactions underlie ALL physical processes.
Matter - ANSWER: Anything that has mass and takes up space
Differentiate between weight and mass: - ANSWER: weight varies w/gravity. mass is constant.
States of Matter and examples of each: - ANSWER: 1. Solid: bone
2. Liquid: blood plasma
3. Gas: oxygen
Energy - ANSWER: Capacity to do work, or to put matter into motion.
Two Forms of Energy - ANSWER: 1. Potential
2. Kinetic
Potential Energy - ANSWER: Stored Energy; Inactive with the potential to be used
Kinetic Energy - ANSWER: Energy of motion
4 Energy Forms Used By the Body: - ANSWER: 1. Chemical
2. Mechanical
3. Electrical
4. Radiant/Electromagnetic
Chemical Energy - ANSWER: Energy stored in chemical bonds (food)
Mechanical Energy - ANSWER: Kinetic or potential energy associated with the motion or position of an
object. (legs provide m.e. to move bicycle pedals)
Electrical Energy - ANSWER: Energy caused by the movement of electrons. (electrical currents
stimulate the heart to contract)
Radiant/Electromagnetic Energy - ANSWER: Energy in the form of waves (UV rays stimulate your body
to make Vitamin D)
Form of chemical energy used to run almost all functional processes in the body. Most useful form of
energy in living systems. - ANSWER: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Energy Conversions - ANSWER: Are inefficient b/c they give off heat. Energy is lost as heat. However
energy conversions liberate heat in the body. This is useful to maintain our body temp.
Elements - ANSWER: A unique substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by
ordinary chemical reactions
118 - ANSWER: Number of Elements
92 - ANSWER: Number of Elements that Occur in Nature
4 Elements that Make Up 96% of Body Weight - ANSWER: 1. Oxygen- 65%
2. Carbon- 18.5%
3. Hydrogen- 9.5%
, 4. Nitrogen- 3.2%
Total Number of Elements in the Human Body: - ANSWER: 24
Atoms - ANSWER: Building blocks of matter
Physical Properties - ANSWER: Can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the
matter
Chemical Properties - ANSWER: pertains to the way atoms interact with other atoms (bonding
behavior)
Atomic Symbol - ANSWER: An abbreviation for an element derived from the first one or two letters of
the element's name. A few are taken from the latin names (Sodium=NA)
Atomic Structure - ANSWER: Atoms are composed of protons (p+); neutrons, (n0); and electrons (e-)
orbiting the nucleus. The number of protons determines the identity of the atom (atomic number).
Electrons determine the chemical reactivity of the atom. The number of e- is equal to the number of
p+ in an atom.
Atomic Number - ANSWER: Number of protons. Written as subscript to left.
Atomic Mass - ANSWER: Sum of protons and neutrons. Written as superscript to left.
Isotopes - ANSWER: Atoms of the same element having different masses because they contain
different numbers of neutrons.
Atomic Weight - ANSWER: an average of the relative weights of all the isotopes of an element.
therefore aw is approximately = to the mass # of its most abundant isotope.
Radioisotopes - ANSWER: heavier isotopes that demonstrate radioactivity when their atoms
decompose spontaneously due to their instability. they decompose into more stable forms. used in
clinical settings to diagnose
Atomic Decay - ANSWER: Radioactivity
Quarks - ANSWER: Particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons.
Molecule - ANSWER: combination of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
Molecule of that element - ANSWER: 2 or more atoms of the same element combining
Compound - ANSWER: 2 or more different elements combine. all molecules of a compound are
identical. compounds are chemically pure.
Smallest particle of a compound. - ANSWER: molecules
Mixtures - ANSWER: 2 or more components physically mixed together; atoms and molecules don't
change as there is no chemical bonding. Can separate out the components.
3 types of mixtures - ANSWER: 1. Solutions
2. Colloids
3. Suspension
Solutions - ANSWER: Homogeneous mixtures. Can be solid, liquid or gas. Solute particles are minute,
don't settle and don't scatter light.
Elaine Marieb , Katja Hoehn 9780135168042 ALL Chapters .
How Does Chemistry Play A Vital Role In Anatomy? - ANSWER: The body is made up of 1000s of
chemicals that are continuously interacting. Chemical reactions underlie ALL physical processes.
Matter - ANSWER: Anything that has mass and takes up space
Differentiate between weight and mass: - ANSWER: weight varies w/gravity. mass is constant.
States of Matter and examples of each: - ANSWER: 1. Solid: bone
2. Liquid: blood plasma
3. Gas: oxygen
Energy - ANSWER: Capacity to do work, or to put matter into motion.
Two Forms of Energy - ANSWER: 1. Potential
2. Kinetic
Potential Energy - ANSWER: Stored Energy; Inactive with the potential to be used
Kinetic Energy - ANSWER: Energy of motion
4 Energy Forms Used By the Body: - ANSWER: 1. Chemical
2. Mechanical
3. Electrical
4. Radiant/Electromagnetic
Chemical Energy - ANSWER: Energy stored in chemical bonds (food)
Mechanical Energy - ANSWER: Kinetic or potential energy associated with the motion or position of an
object. (legs provide m.e. to move bicycle pedals)
Electrical Energy - ANSWER: Energy caused by the movement of electrons. (electrical currents
stimulate the heart to contract)
Radiant/Electromagnetic Energy - ANSWER: Energy in the form of waves (UV rays stimulate your body
to make Vitamin D)
Form of chemical energy used to run almost all functional processes in the body. Most useful form of
energy in living systems. - ANSWER: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Energy Conversions - ANSWER: Are inefficient b/c they give off heat. Energy is lost as heat. However
energy conversions liberate heat in the body. This is useful to maintain our body temp.
Elements - ANSWER: A unique substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by
ordinary chemical reactions
118 - ANSWER: Number of Elements
92 - ANSWER: Number of Elements that Occur in Nature
4 Elements that Make Up 96% of Body Weight - ANSWER: 1. Oxygen- 65%
2. Carbon- 18.5%
3. Hydrogen- 9.5%
, 4. Nitrogen- 3.2%
Total Number of Elements in the Human Body: - ANSWER: 24
Atoms - ANSWER: Building blocks of matter
Physical Properties - ANSWER: Can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the
matter
Chemical Properties - ANSWER: pertains to the way atoms interact with other atoms (bonding
behavior)
Atomic Symbol - ANSWER: An abbreviation for an element derived from the first one or two letters of
the element's name. A few are taken from the latin names (Sodium=NA)
Atomic Structure - ANSWER: Atoms are composed of protons (p+); neutrons, (n0); and electrons (e-)
orbiting the nucleus. The number of protons determines the identity of the atom (atomic number).
Electrons determine the chemical reactivity of the atom. The number of e- is equal to the number of
p+ in an atom.
Atomic Number - ANSWER: Number of protons. Written as subscript to left.
Atomic Mass - ANSWER: Sum of protons and neutrons. Written as superscript to left.
Isotopes - ANSWER: Atoms of the same element having different masses because they contain
different numbers of neutrons.
Atomic Weight - ANSWER: an average of the relative weights of all the isotopes of an element.
therefore aw is approximately = to the mass # of its most abundant isotope.
Radioisotopes - ANSWER: heavier isotopes that demonstrate radioactivity when their atoms
decompose spontaneously due to their instability. they decompose into more stable forms. used in
clinical settings to diagnose
Atomic Decay - ANSWER: Radioactivity
Quarks - ANSWER: Particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons.
Molecule - ANSWER: combination of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
Molecule of that element - ANSWER: 2 or more atoms of the same element combining
Compound - ANSWER: 2 or more different elements combine. all molecules of a compound are
identical. compounds are chemically pure.
Smallest particle of a compound. - ANSWER: molecules
Mixtures - ANSWER: 2 or more components physically mixed together; atoms and molecules don't
change as there is no chemical bonding. Can separate out the components.
3 types of mixtures - ANSWER: 1. Solutions
2. Colloids
3. Suspension
Solutions - ANSWER: Homogeneous mixtures. Can be solid, liquid or gas. Solute particles are minute,
don't settle and don't scatter light.
