Test Bank For Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice 5th
Edition By Marlaine C. Smith 9780803679917 Chapter 1-33
Complete Guide .
What is the primary purpose of nursing theory? - ANSWER: is to improve nursing practice -> health,
quality of life of persons, families & communities served
Essential for developing, testing, and refining nursing theory.
What do theoretical models help us to understand? - ANSWER: -strengthen nursing focus of care and
provide consistency to the community
Most important issue facing nursing - ANSWER: artificial separation of theory and practice
Creative nursing process - ANSWER: is the direct result of ongoing theory-based thinking, decision
making and action
Theory provides - ANSWER: organizing framework that directs nurses to the essence of their purpose
and places the use of knowledge from other disciplines to its proper place
Choosing a theory - ANSWER: -Enduring values
-Nursing situations
-Connecting values and the nursing situation
-Cultivating awareness and appreciation
-Multiple ways of knowing and reflecting on nursing theory
Cultivating awareness and appreciation - ANSWER: journal of study of nursing theories - follow
progress
Empirical - ANSWER: most familiar; knowing is how we come to know the science of nursing and other
disciplines used in nursing practice; includes knowing the actual theories, concepts, principles,
research findings from nursing, psych, pathopharm, etc
Personal - ANSWER: striving to know the self and to actualize authentic relationships between nurse
and person - nurse is continually learning and growing
Ethical - ANSWER: moral component of guiding choices within the complexity of healthcare; what is
right, what is obligatory, what is desirable in any nursing situation
Aesthetic - ANSWER: art of nursing; creative and imaginative use of nursing knowledge in practice;
reflecting on experience is primary
Emancipatory - ANSWER: realized in praxis (simultaneous reflection and action), integration of
knowing, doing and being; knowing inseparable from action - cultivates awareness of how social,
political, and economic forces shape assumptions & opinions about knowledge and truth
Evaluation of Nursing Theory - ANSWER: Criteria:
-Theory should define the congruence of nursing practice with societal expectations of nursing
decisions and actions
-Theory should clarify the social significance of nursing or the effect of nursing on persons receiving
nursing
-Theory should describe the social utility or usefulness of the theory in practice, research and
education
Structural components - ANSWER: Assumptions, concepts, and propositions of theory
, Functional components - ANSWER: descriptions of focus, client, nursing, health, nurse-client
interactions, environment, nursing problems & interventions
Smith framework for evaluating middle-range theories - ANSWER: -Substantive foundation
-Structural integrity
-Functional adequacy
Substantive foundation - ANSWER: How theory corresponds to existing knowledge
Structural integrity - ANSWER: Internal org of theory
Functional adequacy - ANSWER: Ability of theory to be used in practice & research
Implementing theory-guided practice - ANSWER: -Gain admin support
-Select the theory or model to be used in practice
-Launch initiative
-Create plan for eval
-Consistent and constant support and education
-Re-visioning of the theory-guided practice model based on feedback
Client/client system - ANSWER: open system that interacts with the internal and external
environment
-4dimensions: individual, family, community, social issue
5 interacting variables - ANSWER: components of the client system, which fxn more or less
harmoniously in interactions with internal and external environmental stressors.
-interactions between 5 variables determines how much resistance a client system has to stressors
(physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, spiritual)
Physiological variable - ANSWER: bodily structures and internal fxn
the meaning a person ascribes to the physical shape of his/her body as well as its functioning...and to
his/her home/neighborhood
Psychological vairbale - ANSWER: mental processes and interactive envrionemtnal efects, both
internally and externally
Sociocultural variable - ANSWER: combine effects of social cultural conditions and influences
Developmental variables - ANSWER: age-related development processes and activities
Spiritual variable - ANSWER: Spiritual beliefs and influences on a continuum of dormant,
unacceptable, or undeveloped to recognition, development, and positive system influence
Spiritual needs include - ANSWER: need for meaning and purpose in life, need to receive love and give
love, need for hope and creativity, need for forgiving, trusting, relationships with self, others, and god
Basic Structure (cenral core) - ANSWER: made up of basic survival factors that are common to all
human beings and provide energy for system function
(normal temp range, genetic structure, organ strength/weakness)
Flexible line of defense - ANSWER: Outer boundary of the client system, which is a buffer that
protects client system's normal line of defense from stressor invasion
Edition By Marlaine C. Smith 9780803679917 Chapter 1-33
Complete Guide .
What is the primary purpose of nursing theory? - ANSWER: is to improve nursing practice -> health,
quality of life of persons, families & communities served
Essential for developing, testing, and refining nursing theory.
What do theoretical models help us to understand? - ANSWER: -strengthen nursing focus of care and
provide consistency to the community
Most important issue facing nursing - ANSWER: artificial separation of theory and practice
Creative nursing process - ANSWER: is the direct result of ongoing theory-based thinking, decision
making and action
Theory provides - ANSWER: organizing framework that directs nurses to the essence of their purpose
and places the use of knowledge from other disciplines to its proper place
Choosing a theory - ANSWER: -Enduring values
-Nursing situations
-Connecting values and the nursing situation
-Cultivating awareness and appreciation
-Multiple ways of knowing and reflecting on nursing theory
Cultivating awareness and appreciation - ANSWER: journal of study of nursing theories - follow
progress
Empirical - ANSWER: most familiar; knowing is how we come to know the science of nursing and other
disciplines used in nursing practice; includes knowing the actual theories, concepts, principles,
research findings from nursing, psych, pathopharm, etc
Personal - ANSWER: striving to know the self and to actualize authentic relationships between nurse
and person - nurse is continually learning and growing
Ethical - ANSWER: moral component of guiding choices within the complexity of healthcare; what is
right, what is obligatory, what is desirable in any nursing situation
Aesthetic - ANSWER: art of nursing; creative and imaginative use of nursing knowledge in practice;
reflecting on experience is primary
Emancipatory - ANSWER: realized in praxis (simultaneous reflection and action), integration of
knowing, doing and being; knowing inseparable from action - cultivates awareness of how social,
political, and economic forces shape assumptions & opinions about knowledge and truth
Evaluation of Nursing Theory - ANSWER: Criteria:
-Theory should define the congruence of nursing practice with societal expectations of nursing
decisions and actions
-Theory should clarify the social significance of nursing or the effect of nursing on persons receiving
nursing
-Theory should describe the social utility or usefulness of the theory in practice, research and
education
Structural components - ANSWER: Assumptions, concepts, and propositions of theory
, Functional components - ANSWER: descriptions of focus, client, nursing, health, nurse-client
interactions, environment, nursing problems & interventions
Smith framework for evaluating middle-range theories - ANSWER: -Substantive foundation
-Structural integrity
-Functional adequacy
Substantive foundation - ANSWER: How theory corresponds to existing knowledge
Structural integrity - ANSWER: Internal org of theory
Functional adequacy - ANSWER: Ability of theory to be used in practice & research
Implementing theory-guided practice - ANSWER: -Gain admin support
-Select the theory or model to be used in practice
-Launch initiative
-Create plan for eval
-Consistent and constant support and education
-Re-visioning of the theory-guided practice model based on feedback
Client/client system - ANSWER: open system that interacts with the internal and external
environment
-4dimensions: individual, family, community, social issue
5 interacting variables - ANSWER: components of the client system, which fxn more or less
harmoniously in interactions with internal and external environmental stressors.
-interactions between 5 variables determines how much resistance a client system has to stressors
(physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, spiritual)
Physiological variable - ANSWER: bodily structures and internal fxn
the meaning a person ascribes to the physical shape of his/her body as well as its functioning...and to
his/her home/neighborhood
Psychological vairbale - ANSWER: mental processes and interactive envrionemtnal efects, both
internally and externally
Sociocultural variable - ANSWER: combine effects of social cultural conditions and influences
Developmental variables - ANSWER: age-related development processes and activities
Spiritual variable - ANSWER: Spiritual beliefs and influences on a continuum of dormant,
unacceptable, or undeveloped to recognition, development, and positive system influence
Spiritual needs include - ANSWER: need for meaning and purpose in life, need to receive love and give
love, need for hope and creativity, need for forgiving, trusting, relationships with self, others, and god
Basic Structure (cenral core) - ANSWER: made up of basic survival factors that are common to all
human beings and provide energy for system function
(normal temp range, genetic structure, organ strength/weakness)
Flexible line of defense - ANSWER: Outer boundary of the client system, which is a buffer that
protects client system's normal line of defense from stressor invasion
