Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 3 Set 1
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Cardiac /,Blood /,Flow /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-o /,From /,body
o /,Through:
♣ /,Vena /,cavas
♣ /,Right /,atrium
♣ /,Tricuspid /,valve
♣ /,Right /,ventricle
♣ /,Pulmonic /,valve
♣ /,Pulmonary /,artery
o /,To /,lungs
♣ /,Pulmonary /,vein
♣ /,Left /,atrium
♣ /,Mitral /,valve
♣ /,Left /,ventricle
♣ /,Aortic /,valve
o /,Back /,to /,body
Cardiac /,Anatomy /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-The /,heart /,is /,the /,size /,of /,a /,closed /,fist
, 2/3 /,of /,the /,heart /,is /,to /,the /,left /,of /,the /,midline
1/3 /,under /,the /,sternum
heart /,layers /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-Endocardium /,( /,inner)
myocardium /,( /,middle)
Pericardium /,( /,outer)
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,0 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-rapid /,depolarization
Sodium /,influx /,d/t /,voltage-gated /,sodium /,channels /,opening
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,1 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-initial /,repolarization /,of /,cells
voltage /,gated /,sodium /,channels /,closed
voltage /,gated /,potassium /,channels /,open
Potassium /,leaves /,cell /,slowly
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,2 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-plateau /,phase
voltage /,gated /,calcium /,channels /,open
influx /,of /,calcium /,into /,the /,cell
balances /,potassium /,efflux
calcium /,influx /,triggers /,more /,calcium /,from /,sarcoplasmic /,reticulum /,> /,myocardial /,contraction
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,3 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
Rapid /,Repolarization /,w/ /,potassium /,efflux
voltage /,gated /,potassium /,channels /,open
voltage /,gated /,calcium /,channels /,close
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,4 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-resting /,membrane /,potential, /,-85 /,mV
High /,potassium /,permeability /,from /,the /,potassium /,channels
Potassium /,imbalance /,affect /,on /,myocardial /,action /,potentials /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-Hypokalemia-
increased /,atrial /,preload /,leads /,to /,1-3 /,degree /,blocks
Hyperkalemia-slows /,depolarization, /,leads /,to /,sunus /,bradycardia /,and /,junctional /,rhythm
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Cardiac /,Blood /,Flow /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-o /,From /,body
o /,Through:
♣ /,Vena /,cavas
♣ /,Right /,atrium
♣ /,Tricuspid /,valve
♣ /,Right /,ventricle
♣ /,Pulmonic /,valve
♣ /,Pulmonary /,artery
o /,To /,lungs
♣ /,Pulmonary /,vein
♣ /,Left /,atrium
♣ /,Mitral /,valve
♣ /,Left /,ventricle
♣ /,Aortic /,valve
o /,Back /,to /,body
Cardiac /,Anatomy /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-The /,heart /,is /,the /,size /,of /,a /,closed /,fist
, 2/3 /,of /,the /,heart /,is /,to /,the /,left /,of /,the /,midline
1/3 /,under /,the /,sternum
heart /,layers /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-Endocardium /,( /,inner)
myocardium /,( /,middle)
Pericardium /,( /,outer)
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,0 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-rapid /,depolarization
Sodium /,influx /,d/t /,voltage-gated /,sodium /,channels /,opening
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,1 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-initial /,repolarization /,of /,cells
voltage /,gated /,sodium /,channels /,closed
voltage /,gated /,potassium /,channels /,open
Potassium /,leaves /,cell /,slowly
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,2 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-plateau /,phase
voltage /,gated /,calcium /,channels /,open
influx /,of /,calcium /,into /,the /,cell
balances /,potassium /,efflux
calcium /,influx /,triggers /,more /,calcium /,from /,sarcoplasmic /,reticulum /,> /,myocardial /,contraction
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,3 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
Rapid /,Repolarization /,w/ /,potassium /,efflux
voltage /,gated /,potassium /,channels /,open
voltage /,gated /,calcium /,channels /,close
Cardiac /,action /,potential: /,phase /,4 /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-resting /,membrane /,potential, /,-85 /,mV
High /,potassium /,permeability /,from /,the /,potassium /,channels
Potassium /,imbalance /,affect /,on /,myocardial /,action /,potentials /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-Hypokalemia-
increased /,atrial /,preload /,leads /,to /,1-3 /,degree /,blocks
Hyperkalemia-slows /,depolarization, /,leads /,to /,sunus /,bradycardia /,and /,junctional /,rhythm
