Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 3 Set 2
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Ventilation /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-movement /,of /,air /,in /,and /,out /,of /,the /,lungs
Respiration /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
The /,process /,by /,which /,cells /,break /,down /,simple /,food /,molecules /,to /,release /,the /,energy /,they /,
contain.
Minute /,Ventilation /,(VE) /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-Set /,flow /,of /,expired /,gas /,in /,one /,minute
VE /,= /,VT /,x /,RR
Normal /,VE /,is /,5-8L/min.
/,< /,10 /,weaning
alveolar /,ventilation /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-The /,volume /,of /,air /,that /,reaches /,the /,alveoli. /,
Measured /,by /,PaCO2
It /,is /,determined /,by /,subtracting /,the /,amount /,of /,dead /,space /,air /,from /,the /,tidal /,volume.
Functions /,of /,the /,pulmonary /,system /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-ventilate /,alveoli
diffuse /,gases /,in /,and /,out /,of /,blood, /,
perfuse /,the /,lungs /,so /,that /,the /,organs /,and /,tissues /,of /,the /,body /,receive /,blood /,that /,is /,rich /,in
/,O2 /,and /,low /,in /,CO2
Diaphragm /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
Large, /,flat /,muscle /,at /,the /,bottom /,of /,the /,chest /,cavity /,that /,helps /,with /,inspiration
, contracts /,> /,increased /,negative /,pressure /,in /,the /,lungs /,and /,draws /,air /,in
Accessory /,muscles /,of /,inspiration /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-sternocleidomastoid /,and /,scalene /,muscles
Exhalation /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
The /,passive /,part /,of /,the /,breathing /,process /,in /,which /,the /,diaphragm /,and /,the /,intercostal /,musc
les /,relax, /,forcing /,air /,out /,of /,the /,lungs.
alveolar /,surface /,tension /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-promotes /,ease /,of /,breathing
Surfactant /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
chemical /,produced /,in /,the /,lungs /,to /,maintain /,the /,surface /,tension /,of /,the /,alveoli /,and /,keep /,th
em /,from /,collapsing
elastic /,recoil /,of /,the /,lungs /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
ability /,of /,the /,chest /,wall /,to /,return /,to /,normal /,after /,inspiration
generally /,passive
accessory /,muscles /,help /,if /,elastic /,recoil /,is /,not /,enough, /,i.e. /,COPD
Compliance /,of /,pulmonary /,ventilation /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
Ease /,with /,which /,the /,lungs /,and /,thoracic /,wall /,can /,be /,expanded
determined /,by /,alveolar /,surface /,tension /,and /,chest /,wall /,elatic /,recoil
increases /,w/ /,COPD
decreases /,w/ /,ARDS, /,pneumonia, /,pulmonary /,edema
airway /,resistance /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
dependent /,on /,the /,length, /,diameter, /,radius /,of /,airways /,and /,density, /,viscosity, /,velocity /,fo /,the /
,gas /,exchange
normal /,= /,low
bronchodilation /,decreases /,airway /,resistance
bronchoconstriction /,increases /,airway /,resistance
gas /,transport /,steps /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-1. /,lung /,ventilation
2. /,oxygen /,diffusion /,from /,alveoli /,to /,the /,blood
3. /,perfusion /,of /,the /,organs /,and /,tissues
4. /,diffusion /,of /,oxygen /,from /,the /,blood /,to /,the /,cells
removal /,of /,CO2 /,steps /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-1. /,diffusion /,of /,CO2 /,from /,the /,cells /,into /,the /,blood
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Ventilation /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-movement /,of /,air /,in /,and /,out /,of /,the /,lungs
Respiration /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
The /,process /,by /,which /,cells /,break /,down /,simple /,food /,molecules /,to /,release /,the /,energy /,they /,
contain.
Minute /,Ventilation /,(VE) /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-Set /,flow /,of /,expired /,gas /,in /,one /,minute
VE /,= /,VT /,x /,RR
Normal /,VE /,is /,5-8L/min.
/,< /,10 /,weaning
alveolar /,ventilation /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-The /,volume /,of /,air /,that /,reaches /,the /,alveoli. /,
Measured /,by /,PaCO2
It /,is /,determined /,by /,subtracting /,the /,amount /,of /,dead /,space /,air /,from /,the /,tidal /,volume.
Functions /,of /,the /,pulmonary /,system /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-ventilate /,alveoli
diffuse /,gases /,in /,and /,out /,of /,blood, /,
perfuse /,the /,lungs /,so /,that /,the /,organs /,and /,tissues /,of /,the /,body /,receive /,blood /,that /,is /,rich /,in
/,O2 /,and /,low /,in /,CO2
Diaphragm /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
Large, /,flat /,muscle /,at /,the /,bottom /,of /,the /,chest /,cavity /,that /,helps /,with /,inspiration
, contracts /,> /,increased /,negative /,pressure /,in /,the /,lungs /,and /,draws /,air /,in
Accessory /,muscles /,of /,inspiration /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-sternocleidomastoid /,and /,scalene /,muscles
Exhalation /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
The /,passive /,part /,of /,the /,breathing /,process /,in /,which /,the /,diaphragm /,and /,the /,intercostal /,musc
les /,relax, /,forcing /,air /,out /,of /,the /,lungs.
alveolar /,surface /,tension /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-promotes /,ease /,of /,breathing
Surfactant /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
chemical /,produced /,in /,the /,lungs /,to /,maintain /,the /,surface /,tension /,of /,the /,alveoli /,and /,keep /,th
em /,from /,collapsing
elastic /,recoil /,of /,the /,lungs /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
ability /,of /,the /,chest /,wall /,to /,return /,to /,normal /,after /,inspiration
generally /,passive
accessory /,muscles /,help /,if /,elastic /,recoil /,is /,not /,enough, /,i.e. /,COPD
Compliance /,of /,pulmonary /,ventilation /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
Ease /,with /,which /,the /,lungs /,and /,thoracic /,wall /,can /,be /,expanded
determined /,by /,alveolar /,surface /,tension /,and /,chest /,wall /,elatic /,recoil
increases /,w/ /,COPD
decreases /,w/ /,ARDS, /,pneumonia, /,pulmonary /,edema
airway /,resistance /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-
dependent /,on /,the /,length, /,diameter, /,radius /,of /,airways /,and /,density, /,viscosity, /,velocity /,fo /,the /
,gas /,exchange
normal /,= /,low
bronchodilation /,decreases /,airway /,resistance
bronchoconstriction /,increases /,airway /,resistance
gas /,transport /,steps /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-1. /,lung /,ventilation
2. /,oxygen /,diffusion /,from /,alveoli /,to /,the /,blood
3. /,perfusion /,of /,the /,organs /,and /,tissues
4. /,diffusion /,of /,oxygen /,from /,the /,blood /,to /,the /,cells
removal /,of /,CO2 /,steps /,- /,(correct /,answer) /,-1. /,diffusion /,of /,CO2 /,from /,the /,cells /,into /,the /,blood
