ACAAI Review For the Allergy & Immunology Boards Chapter
1 Questions and Answers 100% Verified Latest 2024/2025
Whatsisstheshapten-carrierseffect?s–sANS:sSmall-
moleculesantigensrequiresscovalentslinkagestosaslargerscarrierstosstimulatesadaptivesi
mmunesresponse.sThesprocesssissachievedsinscollaborationsbetweenshapten-
specificsBscellssandscarrier-
specificsTscells.sThississthesbasissofsdevelopingsconjugatedsvaccines.
Whatsaresthescommonssuperantigenssandsrelatedsdiseases?s-
sANS:sSEBsandsSECsfromsStaphylococcussaureusscausesfoodspoisoning.sTSSTsfromsStap
hylococcussaureussandsSPE-
CsfromsStreptococusspyogenesscausestoxicsshockssyndrome.
WhichstypesofsTscellsrecognizesslipidsantigenssandswhatsmoleculesissinvolved?s-
sANS:sNaturalskillersTs(NKT)scellssrecognizeslipidsantigens,sandsthesCD1smoleculesissin
volved.
WhichsantigenssaresT-cellsdependentsandswhichsaresT-cellsindependent?s-
sANS:ssProteinsantigenssaresT-
cellsdependent.sPolysaccharide,snucleicsacid,sandslipidssaresT-cellsindependent.
WhatsissthesbindingssitesforsCD4sonsthesMHCsclasssIsmolecule?sWhatsissthesbindingssit
esforsCD8sonsthesMHCsclasssIIsmolecule?s-
sANS:sOnsthesMHCsclasssIsmolecule,sα3sissthesbindingssitesforsCD4.sOnsthesMHCsclasssIIs
molecule,sβ2sissthesbindingssitesforsCD8
WhichschainsmakessupsthespeptidesbindingscleftsinsMHCsclasssIsmolecules?sWhichscha
insmakessupsthespeptidesbindingscleftsinsMHCsclasssIIsmolecules?s-
sANS:sOnsthesMHCsClasssIsmolecule,sα1sandsα2smakesupsthespeptidesbindingscleft.sOnst
hesMHCsclasssIIsmolecule,sα1sandsβ1smakesupsthespeptidesbindingscleft.
MHCsclasssIsmoleculespresentsswhichstypesofsantigenssandswheresdoessthesantigen-
MHCsclasssIsloadingshappen?s-
sANS:ssAnsMHCsclasssIsmoleculespresentssbothsintracellularsantigenss(e.g.,sviralsantige
nsinscytoplasm)sandsextracellularsantigenss(viascross-
presentation).sThesloadingssitesissendoplasmicsreticulums(ER).
InswhichschromosomalsregionsaresthesTAPsproteinsslocated?s-
sANS:sThesMHCsclasssIIslocus.sTheysaresinvolvedsinspeptidesprocessingsforsMHCsclasssIs
however.
MHCsclasssIIsmoleculespresentsswhichstypesofsantigen?sWheresdoessthesantigen-
MHCsclasssIIsloadingshappen?s-
1 Questions and Answers 100% Verified Latest 2024/2025
Whatsisstheshapten-carrierseffect?s–sANS:sSmall-
moleculesantigensrequiresscovalentslinkagestosaslargerscarrierstosstimulatesadaptivesi
mmunesresponse.sThesprocesssissachievedsinscollaborationsbetweenshapten-
specificsBscellssandscarrier-
specificsTscells.sThississthesbasissofsdevelopingsconjugatedsvaccines.
Whatsaresthescommonssuperantigenssandsrelatedsdiseases?s-
sANS:sSEBsandsSECsfromsStaphylococcussaureusscausesfoodspoisoning.sTSSTsfromsStap
hylococcussaureussandsSPE-
CsfromsStreptococusspyogenesscausestoxicsshockssyndrome.
WhichstypesofsTscellsrecognizesslipidsantigenssandswhatsmoleculesissinvolved?s-
sANS:sNaturalskillersTs(NKT)scellssrecognizeslipidsantigens,sandsthesCD1smoleculesissin
volved.
WhichsantigenssaresT-cellsdependentsandswhichsaresT-cellsindependent?s-
sANS:ssProteinsantigenssaresT-
cellsdependent.sPolysaccharide,snucleicsacid,sandslipidssaresT-cellsindependent.
WhatsissthesbindingssitesforsCD4sonsthesMHCsclasssIsmolecule?sWhatsissthesbindingssit
esforsCD8sonsthesMHCsclasssIIsmolecule?s-
sANS:sOnsthesMHCsclasssIsmolecule,sα3sissthesbindingssitesforsCD4.sOnsthesMHCsclasssIIs
molecule,sβ2sissthesbindingssitesforsCD8
WhichschainsmakessupsthespeptidesbindingscleftsinsMHCsclasssIsmolecules?sWhichscha
insmakessupsthespeptidesbindingscleftsinsMHCsclasssIIsmolecules?s-
sANS:sOnsthesMHCsClasssIsmolecule,sα1sandsα2smakesupsthespeptidesbindingscleft.sOnst
hesMHCsclasssIIsmolecule,sα1sandsβ1smakesupsthespeptidesbindingscleft.
MHCsclasssIsmoleculespresentsswhichstypesofsantigenssandswheresdoessthesantigen-
MHCsclasssIsloadingshappen?s-
sANS:ssAnsMHCsclasssIsmoleculespresentssbothsintracellularsantigenss(e.g.,sviralsantige
nsinscytoplasm)sandsextracellularsantigenss(viascross-
presentation).sThesloadingssitesissendoplasmicsreticulums(ER).
InswhichschromosomalsregionsaresthesTAPsproteinsslocated?s-
sANS:sThesMHCsclasssIIslocus.sTheysaresinvolvedsinspeptidesprocessingsforsMHCsclasssIs
however.
MHCsclasssIIsmoleculespresentsswhichstypesofsantigen?sWheresdoessthesantigen-
MHCsclasssIIsloadingshappen?s-
