NR565/NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
LATEST 2024/2025 WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED (DETAILED) ANSWERS/ALREADY GRADED A+
Psyllium - ANSWER-Bulk-forming laxative that softens fecal mass and increases
bulk
Fecal impaction - ANSWER-Condition when psyllium doesn't produce a bowel
movement
IBS - ANSWER-Diagnosis and treatment aided by keeping a diary
Tdap vaccine recipients - ANSWER-Immunocompromised, cancer, HIV, high-
dose glucocorticoid, pregnancy
Contraindication for DTaP or Tdap vaccine - ANSWER-History of anaphylactic
reaction or encephalopathy within 7 days of vaccine
Varicella contraindications - ANSWER-Pregnancy, leukemia or lymphoma,
hypersensitivity to neomycin or gelatin
Hepatitis B vaccine contraindications - ANSWER-Prior anaphylactic reaction to
baker yeasts of Hep B itself
,Attenuated vaccine example - ANSWER-Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine
Live virus vaccine example - ANSWER-Measles, mumps, and rubella virus
vaccine (MMR), varicella virus vaccine
Toxoid vaccine example - ANSWER-Dtap, tetanus
Inactive viral antigen vaccine example - ANSWER-Poliovirus vaccine, hepatitis A
vaccine (HepA), influenza vaccine
Herd immunity - ANSWER-Resistance to an infectious organism due to a large
group of immune individuals
Active immunity - ANSWER-Immune system produces antibodies in response to
antigen or vaccine
Passive immunity - ANSWER-Immunity passed on from another host through
antibodies
Vaccine definition - ANSWER-Preparation containing microorganisms to
stimulate immune system
Post exposure prophylaxis for rabies bite - ANSWER-1 mL dose IM on days 0, 3,
7, and 14
Attenuated influenza vaccine recipients - ANSWER-Individuals >2 yo and less
than 50, non-pregnant, and not immunocompromised
,Prokinetic for gastroparesis - ANSWER-Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Black box warning for Reglan - ANSWER-Tardive Dyskinesia, discontinue at 12
weeks or if movement disorder develops
Patient teaching for metronidazole - ANSWER-Avoid alcohol, not safe during
pregnancy
Patient teaching for ciprofloxacin for traveler's diarrhea - ANSWER-Finish full
dose, use if symptoms severe or don't improve in a few days
Intermittent asthma symptoms - ANSWER-2 days/week or less, 2 times/month
nighttime awakening, SABA use 2 days/week or less
Mild Persistent asthma symptoms - ANSWER-More than 2 days/week but less
than daily, 3-4 times/month nighttime awakenings, SABA use more than 2
days/week but less than daily
Moderate Persistent asthma symptoms - ANSWER-Daily symptoms, more than
once a week but less than daily nighttime awakening, daily SABA use
Severe asthma symptoms - ANSWER-Several times daily, often nightly nighttime
awakening, several times a day SABA use
Benefits of SABA use - ANSWER-Rescue medication for acute symptoms, not for
prolonged prophylaxis
Benefits of LABA use - ANSWER-Long-term control, fixed schedule
, Decongestant mechanism of action - ANSWER-Shrink engorged mucous
membranes to decrease stuffiness
Expectorant mechanism of action - ANSWER-Encourage expectoration of
excessive mucus in the respiratory tract
Patient teaching for ciprofloxacin for traveler's diarrhea - ANSWER-Use if
symptoms severe or don't improve in a few days, finish full dose
Labs used to diagnose thyroid problems - ANSWER-Free and total T3, Free and
total T4, TSH, Anti-TPO
Hypothyroidism labs - ANSWER-Increased TSH, decreased T3 & T4
Hyperthyroidism labs - ANSWER-Decreased TSH, increased T3 & T4
Labs rechecked after starting levothyroxine - ANSWER-6-8 weeks or after dose
change, then 12 months once stabilized
Symptoms of hypothyroidism - ANSWER-Pale, puffy face, cold and dry skin, low
heart rate and body temperature
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-Rapid heart rate, nervousness, weight
loss, increased appetite
Result of untreated hypothyroidism during pregnancy - ANSWER-Permanent
neuropsychological deficits in the child
LATEST 2024/2025 WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED (DETAILED) ANSWERS/ALREADY GRADED A+
Psyllium - ANSWER-Bulk-forming laxative that softens fecal mass and increases
bulk
Fecal impaction - ANSWER-Condition when psyllium doesn't produce a bowel
movement
IBS - ANSWER-Diagnosis and treatment aided by keeping a diary
Tdap vaccine recipients - ANSWER-Immunocompromised, cancer, HIV, high-
dose glucocorticoid, pregnancy
Contraindication for DTaP or Tdap vaccine - ANSWER-History of anaphylactic
reaction or encephalopathy within 7 days of vaccine
Varicella contraindications - ANSWER-Pregnancy, leukemia or lymphoma,
hypersensitivity to neomycin or gelatin
Hepatitis B vaccine contraindications - ANSWER-Prior anaphylactic reaction to
baker yeasts of Hep B itself
,Attenuated vaccine example - ANSWER-Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine
Live virus vaccine example - ANSWER-Measles, mumps, and rubella virus
vaccine (MMR), varicella virus vaccine
Toxoid vaccine example - ANSWER-Dtap, tetanus
Inactive viral antigen vaccine example - ANSWER-Poliovirus vaccine, hepatitis A
vaccine (HepA), influenza vaccine
Herd immunity - ANSWER-Resistance to an infectious organism due to a large
group of immune individuals
Active immunity - ANSWER-Immune system produces antibodies in response to
antigen or vaccine
Passive immunity - ANSWER-Immunity passed on from another host through
antibodies
Vaccine definition - ANSWER-Preparation containing microorganisms to
stimulate immune system
Post exposure prophylaxis for rabies bite - ANSWER-1 mL dose IM on days 0, 3,
7, and 14
Attenuated influenza vaccine recipients - ANSWER-Individuals >2 yo and less
than 50, non-pregnant, and not immunocompromised
,Prokinetic for gastroparesis - ANSWER-Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Black box warning for Reglan - ANSWER-Tardive Dyskinesia, discontinue at 12
weeks or if movement disorder develops
Patient teaching for metronidazole - ANSWER-Avoid alcohol, not safe during
pregnancy
Patient teaching for ciprofloxacin for traveler's diarrhea - ANSWER-Finish full
dose, use if symptoms severe or don't improve in a few days
Intermittent asthma symptoms - ANSWER-2 days/week or less, 2 times/month
nighttime awakening, SABA use 2 days/week or less
Mild Persistent asthma symptoms - ANSWER-More than 2 days/week but less
than daily, 3-4 times/month nighttime awakenings, SABA use more than 2
days/week but less than daily
Moderate Persistent asthma symptoms - ANSWER-Daily symptoms, more than
once a week but less than daily nighttime awakening, daily SABA use
Severe asthma symptoms - ANSWER-Several times daily, often nightly nighttime
awakening, several times a day SABA use
Benefits of SABA use - ANSWER-Rescue medication for acute symptoms, not for
prolonged prophylaxis
Benefits of LABA use - ANSWER-Long-term control, fixed schedule
, Decongestant mechanism of action - ANSWER-Shrink engorged mucous
membranes to decrease stuffiness
Expectorant mechanism of action - ANSWER-Encourage expectoration of
excessive mucus in the respiratory tract
Patient teaching for ciprofloxacin for traveler's diarrhea - ANSWER-Use if
symptoms severe or don't improve in a few days, finish full dose
Labs used to diagnose thyroid problems - ANSWER-Free and total T3, Free and
total T4, TSH, Anti-TPO
Hypothyroidism labs - ANSWER-Increased TSH, decreased T3 & T4
Hyperthyroidism labs - ANSWER-Decreased TSH, increased T3 & T4
Labs rechecked after starting levothyroxine - ANSWER-6-8 weeks or after dose
change, then 12 months once stabilized
Symptoms of hypothyroidism - ANSWER-Pale, puffy face, cold and dry skin, low
heart rate and body temperature
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism - ANSWER-Rapid heart rate, nervousness, weight
loss, increased appetite
Result of untreated hypothyroidism during pregnancy - ANSWER-Permanent
neuropsychological deficits in the child
