PRE-ASSESSMENT: ANALYTICAL METHODS OF HEALTH LEADERS (RAO2) (PRAO) PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100% PASS)

PRE-ASSESSMENT: ANALYTICAL METHODS OF HEALTH LEADERS (RAO2) (PRAO) PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100% PASS) The quality improvement team is reviewing quarterly incident reports and evaluating the effect of Six Sigma strategies on the quantity of medication errors over the past two years. The team hypothesizes a continuous reduction in medical errors for each quarter. The sample consists of patient clinical and demographic characteristics. Unfortunately, causation cannot be determined from the data available. Which research method should be used to test the team's hypothesis? - Answer️️ -Time-series A hospital researcher has access to one year of hospital emergency department claims data. The researcher is investigating the association of race on the timeliness of delivery of care. The sample includes information on patient demographics, insurance information, and emergency department factors. Due to patient confidentiality, the sample does not include patient clinical information and outcomes. Which research method should be used? - Answer️️ -Cross-sectional A policy analyst is interested in determining if the prospective payment system (PPS) has improved hospital efficiency over time during the past ten years. The sample for analysis consists of ten years of data after the introduction of the PPS and includes measures of efficiency and other ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Monday, August 19, 2024 12:35 AM Page 2 of 14 relevant control variables. The analyst hypothesizes that hospital efficiency should have increased each year after the PPS was implemented. Which research method should the analyst use? - Answer️️ -Time-series Which type of data analysis could be used in quantitative research? - Answer️️ -Reporting the distribution of results or outcomes What is a characteristic of qualitative research methods? - Answer️️ - Introduces subjectivity to data collection Many physician practices now utilize an electronic health record (EHR) system that includes a secure messaging feature. Some of these practices have extended their contact with patients by conducting virtual visits between people with diabetes and nurses who are certified diabetes educators. The remote technology includes the ability to monitor blood glucose data to determine if these values are within goal range. After six months, the results of the blood glucose levels for the group participating in the virtual visits were evaluated. Which research method was used? - Answer️️ -Cross-sectional A researcher wants to determine whether continuity of care is improved with the use of coordination of care documents among primary care physicians and specialists. The researcher decides to review various published studies to assess the clinical effectiveness of these documents on patient outcomes. Which research method is being used - Answer️️ - Meta-analysis ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Monday, August 19, 2024 12:35 AM Page 3 of 14 The state public health researcher wants to begin a five-year initiative to coordinate immunizations for children in the foster care system. The results will be compared to previous years to measure the effectiveness of the initiative. Which research method should be used to study this initiative? - Answer️️ -Pre/post-study Using publicly reported data from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, researchers want to examine the relationship between 30-day readmissions and mortality rates for patients with heart failure at five facilities. Before this can be done, researchers need to estimate mortality rates and readmission rates from heart failure. Which statistical technique should be used to calculate the estimated rates? - Answer️️ -Regression analysis Researchers want to determine if a particular risk factor or risk factors are associated with the frequency for nonelective readmission within 30 days among patients with diabetes in a metropolitan area. The variables of interest include age, gender, race/ethnicity, and insurance status. Which statistical technique should be used? - Answer️️ -Regression analysis A hospital researcher is interested in investigating the association between hospital ownership (i.e., government, investor, and not-for-profit) on overall hospital quality scores. Research MethodsA cross-sectional data set of all urban hospitals from eight states is used in this study. The data were obtained from various administrative databases: Medicare Hospital Cost Report Information System, the American Hospital Association, and the ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Monday, August 19, 2024 12:35 AM Page 4 of 14 Area Health Resource File. Descriptive statistics are used to summarize the data. An ordinary least squares regression is used to test the relationship between ownership status and hospital quality while controlling for hospital and market characteristics. Which component is missing from these research methods? - Answer️️ -Research design A hospital researcher is interested in the association between patient satisfaction and hospital market share. The researcher hypothesizes that increased patient satisfaction will lead to an increase in hospital market share. Research MethodsA longitudinal study of seven years will be conducted to assess the change in hospital market share over time. Urban hospitals from the United States that have more than 100 beds will be included in the analysis. The data set will include hospital characteristics and market characteristics. Administrative data will be obtained from t