Urgent Care Clinical Medicine Study
Guide (Answered) 294 Questions and
Correct Answers, 100% Verified.
Updated Fall 2024/2025.
Most common diagnosis in urgent care
Wound, infection • Sinusitis • Upper Respiratory Infection • Bronchitis • Otitis • Pharyngitis • Fracture •
Muscle Sprain • Conjunctivitis • Cough • Abdominal Pain • UTI • Joint Pain
Top Medications in Urgent Care
• Antibiotics • Steroids • Pain Medication • Inhalers • Cough medications • Anti emetics • Allergy
medications • Muscle relaxers
Most common scenario's
• Cardiac • Pulmonary • ENT • Dermatology • GI • Orthopedics • Neurology • Gynecology/Urology •
Psychiatry
Cardiology
• Hypertension • Palpitation • Syncope • Chest Pain • Costochondritis
See these patients first to make a quick assessment
Hypertension - New onset Symptoms
• Headache • Vision Changes • Red Face • High BP reading
Guidelines regarding starting new hypertension med
EKG
• Beta Blockers • ACE • ARBs • Calcium Channel Blockers (NOT nifedipine)
Hypertensive Urgency (when not an Emergency)
SBP >180mmHg
DBP >110
WITHOUT evidence of end organ damage
monitor BP over hours
Physical Exam to evaluate end organ damage
- General‐ appearance over weight, alertness
- Blood Pressure‐ both arms
,- Funduscopic
- Neck‐thyroid, palpable carotid
- Cardiac‐ size, rhythm, sounds
- Lungs‐ rales
- Abdomen‐ masses, bruits
- Extremities‐ peripheral pulses
- Neurological Exam
Hypertension Causes
- CVA - Pulmonary Edema - Myocardial Infarction - Cocaine - Pheochromocytoma - SAH (subarachnoid
hemorrhage)- Encephalopathy - Kidney Injury
Palpitations
- Differential mostly cardiac and psychiatric
- History Clues • Description of sensation/onset/ duration/ precipitating factors
- Physical • Identifying murmurs; vital signs
- EKG • 12 lead ALWAYS • Ruling out emergent conditions
4 factors pointing to cardiac source of palpitations
- Male - Description of irregular heartbeat - History of cardiac disease - Event duration >5 minutes
history of palpitations
- Characteristic
- Sensation
- Age of onset
- Associations with position changes or Valsalva
- Psychiatric history
- Medication history
- Medical History‐ hypoglycemia, pregnancy, thyroid issues, perimenopausal
Cardiology RED FLAGS
- Changes in Palpitation
- Dyspnea
- LOC
- Chest Pain
,- Diaphoresis
- Dizziness
EKG
- 12 lead always - WPW - LVH - Q waves, P waves - Prolonged QT
WPW
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; an abnormal ECG pattern often associated with paroxysmal
tachycardia
Notice the Delta waves
WPW EKG
The diagnosis of WPW syndrome is typically made with a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and
sometimes with ambulatory monitoring (eg, telemetry, Holter monitoring). Supraventricular tachycardia
(SVT) is best diagnosed by documenting a 12-lead ECG during tachycardia, although it is often diagnosed
with a monitoring strip or even recorder. The index of suspicion is based on the history, and rarely,
physical examination (Ebstein anomaly or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [HOCM]). Although the ECG
morphology varies widely, the classic ECG features are as follows:
A shortened PR interval (often < 120 ms)
A slurring and slow rise of the initial upstroke of the QRS complex (delta wave)
A widened QRS complex (total duration >0.12 seconds)
ST segment-T wave changes, generally directed opposite the major delta wave and QRS complex
WPW delta wave
, "Delta wave" on EKG, short PR interval, supraventricular tachycardia
delta wave
LVH (left ventricular hypertrophy)
increase in thickness of myocardial wall that occurs when the heart pumps against chronic outflow
obstruction (e.g., aortic stenosis)
LVH
increased preload (valve regurgitation), increased afterload (hypertension, aortic stenosis)
Pathological Q wave indicates
old MI
Pathological Q wave
Guide (Answered) 294 Questions and
Correct Answers, 100% Verified.
Updated Fall 2024/2025.
Most common diagnosis in urgent care
Wound, infection • Sinusitis • Upper Respiratory Infection • Bronchitis • Otitis • Pharyngitis • Fracture •
Muscle Sprain • Conjunctivitis • Cough • Abdominal Pain • UTI • Joint Pain
Top Medications in Urgent Care
• Antibiotics • Steroids • Pain Medication • Inhalers • Cough medications • Anti emetics • Allergy
medications • Muscle relaxers
Most common scenario's
• Cardiac • Pulmonary • ENT • Dermatology • GI • Orthopedics • Neurology • Gynecology/Urology •
Psychiatry
Cardiology
• Hypertension • Palpitation • Syncope • Chest Pain • Costochondritis
See these patients first to make a quick assessment
Hypertension - New onset Symptoms
• Headache • Vision Changes • Red Face • High BP reading
Guidelines regarding starting new hypertension med
EKG
• Beta Blockers • ACE • ARBs • Calcium Channel Blockers (NOT nifedipine)
Hypertensive Urgency (when not an Emergency)
SBP >180mmHg
DBP >110
WITHOUT evidence of end organ damage
monitor BP over hours
Physical Exam to evaluate end organ damage
- General‐ appearance over weight, alertness
- Blood Pressure‐ both arms
,- Funduscopic
- Neck‐thyroid, palpable carotid
- Cardiac‐ size, rhythm, sounds
- Lungs‐ rales
- Abdomen‐ masses, bruits
- Extremities‐ peripheral pulses
- Neurological Exam
Hypertension Causes
- CVA - Pulmonary Edema - Myocardial Infarction - Cocaine - Pheochromocytoma - SAH (subarachnoid
hemorrhage)- Encephalopathy - Kidney Injury
Palpitations
- Differential mostly cardiac and psychiatric
- History Clues • Description of sensation/onset/ duration/ precipitating factors
- Physical • Identifying murmurs; vital signs
- EKG • 12 lead ALWAYS • Ruling out emergent conditions
4 factors pointing to cardiac source of palpitations
- Male - Description of irregular heartbeat - History of cardiac disease - Event duration >5 minutes
history of palpitations
- Characteristic
- Sensation
- Age of onset
- Associations with position changes or Valsalva
- Psychiatric history
- Medication history
- Medical History‐ hypoglycemia, pregnancy, thyroid issues, perimenopausal
Cardiology RED FLAGS
- Changes in Palpitation
- Dyspnea
- LOC
- Chest Pain
,- Diaphoresis
- Dizziness
EKG
- 12 lead always - WPW - LVH - Q waves, P waves - Prolonged QT
WPW
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; an abnormal ECG pattern often associated with paroxysmal
tachycardia
Notice the Delta waves
WPW EKG
The diagnosis of WPW syndrome is typically made with a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and
sometimes with ambulatory monitoring (eg, telemetry, Holter monitoring). Supraventricular tachycardia
(SVT) is best diagnosed by documenting a 12-lead ECG during tachycardia, although it is often diagnosed
with a monitoring strip or even recorder. The index of suspicion is based on the history, and rarely,
physical examination (Ebstein anomaly or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [HOCM]). Although the ECG
morphology varies widely, the classic ECG features are as follows:
A shortened PR interval (often < 120 ms)
A slurring and slow rise of the initial upstroke of the QRS complex (delta wave)
A widened QRS complex (total duration >0.12 seconds)
ST segment-T wave changes, generally directed opposite the major delta wave and QRS complex
WPW delta wave
, "Delta wave" on EKG, short PR interval, supraventricular tachycardia
delta wave
LVH (left ventricular hypertrophy)
increase in thickness of myocardial wall that occurs when the heart pumps against chronic outflow
obstruction (e.g., aortic stenosis)
LVH
increased preload (valve regurgitation), increased afterload (hypertension, aortic stenosis)
Pathological Q wave indicates
old MI
Pathological Q wave
