portage pathophysiology exam 2 Questions &
Answers
True/False:
Blood itests ifor itumor imarkers ican imake ia idiagnosis iof icancer. iWhy ior iwhy inot? i-
iANS-False, ionly itissue ican idiagnose. iTumor imarkers iare ihelpful ito iassess iresponse
ito itherapy ior ireoccurrence.
What iis ithe imost iimportant iprocedure iin idiagnosing ithe icorrect icancer iand ihistology?
i- iANS-tissue ibiopsy
Explain ithe iTNM isystem: i- iANS-T iis ithe isize iand ilocal ispread iof ithe iprimary itumor.
N iis ithe iinvolvement iof ithe iregional ilymph inodes.
M iis ithe iextent iof ithe imetastatic iinvolvement.
1. iList itwo isigns ior isymptoms ia ipatient imay ipresent iwith ithat imight iindicate ia icancer
idiagnosis:
2. iWhat iare itwo isystemic imanifestations iof icancer iexhibited iby icancer ipatients? i-
iANS-1. iS+S: iBleeding; isore ithat idoesn't iheal; ifluid iin ithe ipleural, ipericardial, ior
iperitoneal ispaces; ichest ipain, ishortness iof ibreath, icough, iabdominal idiscomfort ior
iswelling. iOther ipossible ianswers ican iinclude ia imass ior ilump, ipain i(need ito ibe
ispecific), ifatigue, ifevers, iweight iloss
2. iSystemic: iWeight iloss, iwasting iof ibody ifat iand imuscle itissue, iweakness, ianorexia,
iand ianemia, ifatigue, isleep idisturbances
1. iWhat iare ithe ithree ipossible igoals iof icancer itreatment?
2. iHow idoes iradiation ikill icancer icells? i- iANS-1. iCurative, icontrol, ipalliative
2. iRadiation itherapy iuses ihigh-energy iparticles ior iwaves ito idestroy ior idamage icancer
icells. iThis ileads ito ithe icreation iof ifree iradicals, iwhich idamage icell istructures.
iRadiation ican iinterrupt ithe icell icycle iprocess, ikill icells, ior idamage iDNA iin ithe icells.
True/False:
Cell iproliferation iis ithe iprocess iof iincreasing icell inumbers iby imitotic icell idivision. i-
iANS-true
True/False:
Answers
True/False:
Blood itests ifor itumor imarkers ican imake ia idiagnosis iof icancer. iWhy ior iwhy inot? i-
iANS-False, ionly itissue ican idiagnose. iTumor imarkers iare ihelpful ito iassess iresponse
ito itherapy ior ireoccurrence.
What iis ithe imost iimportant iprocedure iin idiagnosing ithe icorrect icancer iand ihistology?
i- iANS-tissue ibiopsy
Explain ithe iTNM isystem: i- iANS-T iis ithe isize iand ilocal ispread iof ithe iprimary itumor.
N iis ithe iinvolvement iof ithe iregional ilymph inodes.
M iis ithe iextent iof ithe imetastatic iinvolvement.
1. iList itwo isigns ior isymptoms ia ipatient imay ipresent iwith ithat imight iindicate ia icancer
idiagnosis:
2. iWhat iare itwo isystemic imanifestations iof icancer iexhibited iby icancer ipatients? i-
iANS-1. iS+S: iBleeding; isore ithat idoesn't iheal; ifluid iin ithe ipleural, ipericardial, ior
iperitoneal ispaces; ichest ipain, ishortness iof ibreath, icough, iabdominal idiscomfort ior
iswelling. iOther ipossible ianswers ican iinclude ia imass ior ilump, ipain i(need ito ibe
ispecific), ifatigue, ifevers, iweight iloss
2. iSystemic: iWeight iloss, iwasting iof ibody ifat iand imuscle itissue, iweakness, ianorexia,
iand ianemia, ifatigue, isleep idisturbances
1. iWhat iare ithe ithree ipossible igoals iof icancer itreatment?
2. iHow idoes iradiation ikill icancer icells? i- iANS-1. iCurative, icontrol, ipalliative
2. iRadiation itherapy iuses ihigh-energy iparticles ior iwaves ito idestroy ior idamage icancer
icells. iThis ileads ito ithe icreation iof ifree iradicals, iwhich idamage icell istructures.
iRadiation ican iinterrupt ithe icell icycle iprocess, ikill icells, ior idamage iDNA iin ithe icells.
True/False:
Cell iproliferation iis ithe iprocess iof iincreasing icell inumbers iby imitotic icell idivision. i-
iANS-true
True/False:
