NUR231 Pathophysiology Exam#1 Questions
& Answers
Idiopathic hinfection h- hANS-Diseases hthat hhave hno hidentifiable hcause
Iatrogenic hinfection h- hANS-Diseases hthat hoccur has ha hresult hof hmedical htreatment
Acute hinfection h- hANS-short hterm hinfection
many htimes his hmore hsevere hbut hwith hsudden honset hand hshort hduration
Nosocomial hinfection h- hANS-infection hobtained hwhile hin hhealthcare hsetting
Communicable hinfection h- hANS-contagious
Insidious hdisease h- hANS-disease hwith hno hsymptoms huntil hopportunity hpresents
hitself
ex) hAIDS
Epidemiology h- hANS-Study hof hthe hdisease hin hthe hpopulation
Mortality h- hANS-actual hdeath; hdeath hrate
Morbidity h- hANS-How hmany hpeople hcome hdown hwith hit?
How hdoes hthe hdisease haffect hthe hindividual?
Prevalence h- hANS-Number hof hcases hin hpopulation hduring hspecified hperiod.
Incidence h- hANS-Number hof hnew hcases hoccurring hin hspecified hperiod.
Hypertrophy h- hANS-overgrowth hof ha hmuscle hcells
ventricular hhypertrophy
Hyperplasia h- hANS-overgrowth hof hcells
Metaplasia hand hwho hdoes hthis hhappen hto? h- hANS-change hfrom hone hcell htype hto
hanother hcell htype
Smokers hwill hsee hthis hdue hto hchronic hirritation hof hthe hairway, hthis heventually hleads
hto hcancer
, Dysplasia h- hANS-Deformed hcells, hprecursor hto hcancer
Atrophy h- hANS-Loss hof hgrowth
Benign hvs hMalignant h- hANS-Benign: hslow hgrowing hencapsulated hmass hof
hdifferentiated hcells. hsimilar hto hnormal hcells hwith hfairly hnormal hmitosis. hremains
hlocalized hand hlife hthreatening hif hin hbrain.
Malignant: hrapidly hgrowing hanaplastic hcells hthat hinvade hnearby htissue hand hspread
hthrough hblood hand hlymph hsystem.
Anaplasia h- hANS-undifferentiated hand hovergrowing hcells hwithout hform; haka
hCANCER
Hypoxia h- hANS-low hlevels hof hoxygen hto han harea h-usually, hbut hnot halways, hdue hto
hischemia
Ischemia hand hwhat hare hits haffects h- hANS-overall hlack hof hblood hflow hto han harea
-can hcause hcardiac hischemia, hmesenteric hischemia, hstroke.
-Infarcted: hwhen hcells hhave hbeen hdeprived hof hoxygen hfor htoo hlong hand hthere his
hcell hdeath.
-huge hproblem hin hheat hand hCNS hbecause hthose hcells hdon't hrecover.
What his hApoptosis? h- hANS-Programmed hcell hdeath
What his hNecrosis hand hwhat hare hthe hdifferent htypes h(6)? h- hANS-Cell hdeath
1. hLiquefaction: hliquified htissue hfrom henzymes.
2. hCoagulative: hdead htissue hretains hform.
3. hFat: hbroken hdown hfatty hacids h(induce hinflammation).
4. hCaseous: hcheesy.
5. hInfarction: hcell hdeath hfrom hhypoxia.
6. hGangrene: hbacterial hinfected hnecrotic htissue.
What hare hthe h6 htypes hof hExudate? h- hANS-1. hSerous: hclear hyellow hfluid.
2. hFibrinous: hfibrin h(clotting hfactor).
3. hPurulent: h"Pus" h- hmany hdead hWBCs.
4. hAbcess: h"walled hoff" hto hprotect hhealth hareas. hUsually hneeds hto hbe hI&D.
5. hHemorrhagic: hcompromised hartery/vein hresulting hin hblood hcollection.
6. hNecrotizing hFaciitis: hskin heating hdisease.
What hare h4 htypes hof htissue hhealing h-or- habnormalities? h- hANS-1. hKeloid:
hhypertrophic hscar htissue hformation.
2. hContracture: hjoints hand hvisceral horgans hnot hproperly hsliding.
3. h1st hintention hhealing: hsutured, hsmall hscar.
4. h2nd hintention hhealing: hopen, hbigger hscar.
& Answers
Idiopathic hinfection h- hANS-Diseases hthat hhave hno hidentifiable hcause
Iatrogenic hinfection h- hANS-Diseases hthat hoccur has ha hresult hof hmedical htreatment
Acute hinfection h- hANS-short hterm hinfection
many htimes his hmore hsevere hbut hwith hsudden honset hand hshort hduration
Nosocomial hinfection h- hANS-infection hobtained hwhile hin hhealthcare hsetting
Communicable hinfection h- hANS-contagious
Insidious hdisease h- hANS-disease hwith hno hsymptoms huntil hopportunity hpresents
hitself
ex) hAIDS
Epidemiology h- hANS-Study hof hthe hdisease hin hthe hpopulation
Mortality h- hANS-actual hdeath; hdeath hrate
Morbidity h- hANS-How hmany hpeople hcome hdown hwith hit?
How hdoes hthe hdisease haffect hthe hindividual?
Prevalence h- hANS-Number hof hcases hin hpopulation hduring hspecified hperiod.
Incidence h- hANS-Number hof hnew hcases hoccurring hin hspecified hperiod.
Hypertrophy h- hANS-overgrowth hof ha hmuscle hcells
ventricular hhypertrophy
Hyperplasia h- hANS-overgrowth hof hcells
Metaplasia hand hwho hdoes hthis hhappen hto? h- hANS-change hfrom hone hcell htype hto
hanother hcell htype
Smokers hwill hsee hthis hdue hto hchronic hirritation hof hthe hairway, hthis heventually hleads
hto hcancer
, Dysplasia h- hANS-Deformed hcells, hprecursor hto hcancer
Atrophy h- hANS-Loss hof hgrowth
Benign hvs hMalignant h- hANS-Benign: hslow hgrowing hencapsulated hmass hof
hdifferentiated hcells. hsimilar hto hnormal hcells hwith hfairly hnormal hmitosis. hremains
hlocalized hand hlife hthreatening hif hin hbrain.
Malignant: hrapidly hgrowing hanaplastic hcells hthat hinvade hnearby htissue hand hspread
hthrough hblood hand hlymph hsystem.
Anaplasia h- hANS-undifferentiated hand hovergrowing hcells hwithout hform; haka
hCANCER
Hypoxia h- hANS-low hlevels hof hoxygen hto han harea h-usually, hbut hnot halways, hdue hto
hischemia
Ischemia hand hwhat hare hits haffects h- hANS-overall hlack hof hblood hflow hto han harea
-can hcause hcardiac hischemia, hmesenteric hischemia, hstroke.
-Infarcted: hwhen hcells hhave hbeen hdeprived hof hoxygen hfor htoo hlong hand hthere his
hcell hdeath.
-huge hproblem hin hheat hand hCNS hbecause hthose hcells hdon't hrecover.
What his hApoptosis? h- hANS-Programmed hcell hdeath
What his hNecrosis hand hwhat hare hthe hdifferent htypes h(6)? h- hANS-Cell hdeath
1. hLiquefaction: hliquified htissue hfrom henzymes.
2. hCoagulative: hdead htissue hretains hform.
3. hFat: hbroken hdown hfatty hacids h(induce hinflammation).
4. hCaseous: hcheesy.
5. hInfarction: hcell hdeath hfrom hhypoxia.
6. hGangrene: hbacterial hinfected hnecrotic htissue.
What hare hthe h6 htypes hof hExudate? h- hANS-1. hSerous: hclear hyellow hfluid.
2. hFibrinous: hfibrin h(clotting hfactor).
3. hPurulent: h"Pus" h- hmany hdead hWBCs.
4. hAbcess: h"walled hoff" hto hprotect hhealth hareas. hUsually hneeds hto hbe hI&D.
5. hHemorrhagic: hcompromised hartery/vein hresulting hin hblood hcollection.
6. hNecrotizing hFaciitis: hskin heating hdisease.
What hare h4 htypes hof htissue hhealing h-or- habnormalities? h- hANS-1. hKeloid:
hhypertrophic hscar htissue hformation.
2. hContracture: hjoints hand hvisceral horgans hnot hproperly hsliding.
3. h1st hintention hhealing: hsutured, hsmall hscar.
4. h2nd hintention hhealing: hopen, hbigger hscar.
