ATI Pharm Made Easy 3.0- Cardiovascular Exam

A health care professional is reviewing the history of a patient who is about to begin furosemide (Lasix) therapy to treat hypertension. Which of the following drugs that the patient takes should alert the health care professional to take further action? A. Lithium (Lithobid) for bipolar disorder B. Phenytonin (Dilantin) for seizure disorder C. Erythromycin (Erythrocin) for bronchitis D. Warfarin (Coumadin) to prevent blood clots - A. Lithium (Lithobid) for bipolar disorder Furosemide, a high-ceiling loop diuretic, increases sodium loss and can cause reabsorption of lithium, a mood stabilizer. This puts patients taking both drugs at increased risk for lithium toxicity. A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking verapamil (Calan) to treat atrial fibrillation. The health care professional should tell the patient to avoid grapefruit juice while taking verapamil because it can cause A. Tachycardia B. Dehydration C. Diarrhea D. Hypotension - D. Hypotension Large amounts of grapefruit juice increase blood levels of verapamil by inhibiting its metabolism. The excess amount of drug can intensify otherwise therapeutic effects like hypotension, causing serious risks for syncope and dizziness. A health care professional is assessing a patient following the administration of nifedipine (Procardia). Recognizing the adverse effects of nifedipine, the health care professional should be prepared to administer which of the following drugs? A. Prozosin B. Doxazosin (Cardura) C. Propranolol (Inderal) D. Enalapril (Vasotec) - C. Propranolol (Inderal) Administering a beta-adrenergic blocker will minimize the adverse effects by decreasing the cardiac oxygen demand. When talking with a patient about taking epleronone (Inspra) to treat hypertension, the health care professional should include which of the following instructions? A. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice B. Use sunscreen and protective clothing C. Avoid the use of salt substitutes D. Stop taking the drug if dizziness occurs - Avoid the use of salt substitutes.