Elements of Earth Science Lab: Midterm Exam Review Questions
and Answers 2024
___________ is science that deals with the study of water and its movements. ** Answ**
Hydrology
According to the model of science/religion interactions discussed in your textbook, the Science
Domain and Religion Domain are able to interact through a(n) ** Answ** interface
Which origins position is the longest-held one in Christianity and Judaism? ** Answ**
Young-Earth Creation
The term for the steps taken by scientists to discover and investigate the world is BEST
expressed as ** Answ** Scientific Methods
What non-silicate mineral group is characterized by having a S2- ending? ** Answ**
Sulfides
A _____________ is a zone of weakness that allows a mineral to break along flat surfaces. **
Answ** Cleavage plane
Diamonds and graphite are both polymorphs (different crystal forms) of what material? **
Answ** carbon
A material of characteristic physical and chemical properties which cannot be broken down into
simpler substances by chemical processes is called a(n): ** Answ** Element
A rock is an aggregate of __________ minerals. ** Answ** One or more
,Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of the natural sciences? ** Answ**
Focus on human behavior and relationships
The characteristics that are shared by (and define) all minerals are called mineral
______________. ** Answ** Attributes
Which type of approach to science often must evaluate multiple competing hypotheses
simultaneously? ** Answ** Historical science
Which of the following is NOT a mineral? ** Answ** Obsidian
Which type of bond involves electrons that can easily move among various nuclei? ** Answ**
Metallic
The type of science that focuses on material inventions is ** Answ** Engineering and
technology
Which mineral is an excellent example of ionic bonding? ** Answ** Halite
The two components of an atom that are found in the nucleus are: ** Answ** Protons and
neutrons
Silicate minerals are divided into groups on the basis of how their tetrahedral are arranged. **
Answ** True
A hypothesis is a rigorously tested and successful scientific idea that is often expressed as a
mathematical formula. ** Answ** False
Astronomy is the oldest of the Earth sciences. ** Answ** True
, Naturalistic evolution holds that God has guided evolutionary processes over time. ** Answ**
False
Silica and oxygen are rare components of the Earth's crust. ** Answ** False
The inner core is solid and composed of iron and nickel. ** Answ** True
What mineral composition is most characteristic of felsic rocks? ** Answ** orthoclase,
quartz, and biotite
What mineral composition is most characteristic of mafic rocks? ** Answ** olivine,
pyroxene, and calcium-rich plagioclase
What mineral composition is most characteristic of intermediate rocks? ** Answ** sodium-
rich plagioclase and hornblende with some quartz or biotite
When mafic lava breaks through fissures in the continental crust, which of the following often
results? ** Answ** lava plateaus
Which scenario is associated with mafic magma? ** Answ** hot, fluid lava that forms a
shield volcano
Which scenario is associated with felsic magma? ** Answ** an explosive eruption that
ejects pyroclastic materials
Wizard Island in Crater Lake, Oregon, is an example of a ** Answ** cinder cone
A porphyritic rock forms when ** Answ** there is a period of slow cooling, followed by
more rapid cooling
and Answers 2024
___________ is science that deals with the study of water and its movements. ** Answ**
Hydrology
According to the model of science/religion interactions discussed in your textbook, the Science
Domain and Religion Domain are able to interact through a(n) ** Answ** interface
Which origins position is the longest-held one in Christianity and Judaism? ** Answ**
Young-Earth Creation
The term for the steps taken by scientists to discover and investigate the world is BEST
expressed as ** Answ** Scientific Methods
What non-silicate mineral group is characterized by having a S2- ending? ** Answ**
Sulfides
A _____________ is a zone of weakness that allows a mineral to break along flat surfaces. **
Answ** Cleavage plane
Diamonds and graphite are both polymorphs (different crystal forms) of what material? **
Answ** carbon
A material of characteristic physical and chemical properties which cannot be broken down into
simpler substances by chemical processes is called a(n): ** Answ** Element
A rock is an aggregate of __________ minerals. ** Answ** One or more
,Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of the natural sciences? ** Answ**
Focus on human behavior and relationships
The characteristics that are shared by (and define) all minerals are called mineral
______________. ** Answ** Attributes
Which type of approach to science often must evaluate multiple competing hypotheses
simultaneously? ** Answ** Historical science
Which of the following is NOT a mineral? ** Answ** Obsidian
Which type of bond involves electrons that can easily move among various nuclei? ** Answ**
Metallic
The type of science that focuses on material inventions is ** Answ** Engineering and
technology
Which mineral is an excellent example of ionic bonding? ** Answ** Halite
The two components of an atom that are found in the nucleus are: ** Answ** Protons and
neutrons
Silicate minerals are divided into groups on the basis of how their tetrahedral are arranged. **
Answ** True
A hypothesis is a rigorously tested and successful scientific idea that is often expressed as a
mathematical formula. ** Answ** False
Astronomy is the oldest of the Earth sciences. ** Answ** True
, Naturalistic evolution holds that God has guided evolutionary processes over time. ** Answ**
False
Silica and oxygen are rare components of the Earth's crust. ** Answ** False
The inner core is solid and composed of iron and nickel. ** Answ** True
What mineral composition is most characteristic of felsic rocks? ** Answ** orthoclase,
quartz, and biotite
What mineral composition is most characteristic of mafic rocks? ** Answ** olivine,
pyroxene, and calcium-rich plagioclase
What mineral composition is most characteristic of intermediate rocks? ** Answ** sodium-
rich plagioclase and hornblende with some quartz or biotite
When mafic lava breaks through fissures in the continental crust, which of the following often
results? ** Answ** lava plateaus
Which scenario is associated with mafic magma? ** Answ** hot, fluid lava that forms a
shield volcano
Which scenario is associated with felsic magma? ** Answ** an explosive eruption that
ejects pyroclastic materials
Wizard Island in Crater Lake, Oregon, is an example of a ** Answ** cinder cone
A porphyritic rock forms when ** Answ** there is a period of slow cooling, followed by
more rapid cooling
