BIO-330
Pathophysiology & Pharmacology
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
©GCU 2024/2025
,1. Question: Which of the following is the primary
mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in hypertension
management?
- A) Inhibition of aldosterone secretion
- B) Inhibition of angiotensin II formation
- C) Dilation of blood vessels
- D) Increase in myocardial contractility
Answer: B) Inhibition of angiotensin II formation
Rationale: ACE inhibitors block the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced
blood pressure.
2. Question: A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) is prescribed a long-acting beta-agonist. Which of
the following medications would likely be given?
- A) Albuterol
- B) Salmeterol
- C) Ipratropium
- D) Montelukast
Answer: B) Salmeterol
©GCU 2024/2025
, Rationale: Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-agonist used for
the management of COPD.
3. Question: Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in
the development of the "fight or flight" response?
- A) Acetylcholine
- B) Serotonin
- C) Norepinephrine
- D) Dopamine
Answer: C) Norepinephrine
Rationale: Norepinephrine is a key neurotransmitter that
mediates the sympathetic nervous system's response to stress.
4. Question: In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which electrolyte
imbalance is commonly observed?
- A) Hyperkalemia
- B) Hypokalemia
- C) Hypernatremia
- D) Hypomagnesemia
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
©GCU 2024/2025
Pathophysiology & Pharmacology
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
©GCU 2024/2025
,1. Question: Which of the following is the primary
mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in hypertension
management?
- A) Inhibition of aldosterone secretion
- B) Inhibition of angiotensin II formation
- C) Dilation of blood vessels
- D) Increase in myocardial contractility
Answer: B) Inhibition of angiotensin II formation
Rationale: ACE inhibitors block the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced
blood pressure.
2. Question: A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) is prescribed a long-acting beta-agonist. Which of
the following medications would likely be given?
- A) Albuterol
- B) Salmeterol
- C) Ipratropium
- D) Montelukast
Answer: B) Salmeterol
©GCU 2024/2025
, Rationale: Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-agonist used for
the management of COPD.
3. Question: Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in
the development of the "fight or flight" response?
- A) Acetylcholine
- B) Serotonin
- C) Norepinephrine
- D) Dopamine
Answer: C) Norepinephrine
Rationale: Norepinephrine is a key neurotransmitter that
mediates the sympathetic nervous system's response to stress.
4. Question: In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which electrolyte
imbalance is commonly observed?
- A) Hyperkalemia
- B) Hypokalemia
- C) Hypernatremia
- D) Hypomagnesemia
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
©GCU 2024/2025
