The Study of
Human
Anatomy
Dr. Flood
ZOOL 2320
Course Textbook: Chapter 1
1
,Objectives for Chapte
1
1. Define anatomy and some of its subdisciplines;
2. List and describe the methods of medical imaging;
3. Explain the levels of organization found in the human body from
organelles to organ systems;
4. Name the 11 organ systems including what organs are involved
system;
5. Explain normal anatomic position (NAP) and include the anatom
planes;
6. Distinguish between the directional terms;
7. Describe the major body regions, cavities and abdominal quadr
8. List the names and location of the serous membranes including
associated structures.
, SUBDISCIPLINES OF ANATOMY
Gross Anatomy Study of body structures visible
to the naked eye The Scope of
Microscopic Anatomy
(histology)
Observing structures under the
microscope
Human
Ultrastructural Anatomy Structures at the subcellular to
molecular level
Anatomy
• Anatomy – study of the structural basis of body
Surface Anatomy External structure of the body
function; the language of medicine; provides an
(during patient physical exam) essential foundation to understand physiology
• Physiology – the functional relevance of that structure
Radiological Anatomy Study of internal structures • Anatomy and physiology are the bedrock of the health
using X-rays sciences
3
• Morphology – shape or form of a structure
Regional Anatomy Study of multiple organ systems
at once in a given region of the • The textbook uses ‘functional morphology’ – not just
body (i.e., head or arm) the structure of organs but the functional reasons
behind it
Systemic Anatomy Study of one organ system at
one time
Medical mistakes cost the U.S. $20 billion, and over one hundred thousand lives a year
, Methods of Study – Techniques Used to Stu
the Human Body
Inspection or observation – looking at Dissection – excellent; cutting and Palpation – feeling a structure w
surface appearance separating tissues to reveal their fingertips (i.e., palpating a lymp
structural relationships taking a pulse)
Percussion - like palpation; tapping on body Exploratory Surgery – replaced by medical Auscultation - more specific list
surfaces and listening to sounds produced imaging; old method listening to the sounds that bod
for abnormalities (ie. pockets of fluid, or air) structures make; most make no
stethoscope
Medical Imaging – methods of viewing the ASK YOURELF THESE QUESTIONS:
inside of the body without surgery • IS IT INVASIVE?
• IS IT HARMFUL TO THE BODY?
• IS IT EXPENSIVE?
Human
Anatomy
Dr. Flood
ZOOL 2320
Course Textbook: Chapter 1
1
,Objectives for Chapte
1
1. Define anatomy and some of its subdisciplines;
2. List and describe the methods of medical imaging;
3. Explain the levels of organization found in the human body from
organelles to organ systems;
4. Name the 11 organ systems including what organs are involved
system;
5. Explain normal anatomic position (NAP) and include the anatom
planes;
6. Distinguish between the directional terms;
7. Describe the major body regions, cavities and abdominal quadr
8. List the names and location of the serous membranes including
associated structures.
, SUBDISCIPLINES OF ANATOMY
Gross Anatomy Study of body structures visible
to the naked eye The Scope of
Microscopic Anatomy
(histology)
Observing structures under the
microscope
Human
Ultrastructural Anatomy Structures at the subcellular to
molecular level
Anatomy
• Anatomy – study of the structural basis of body
Surface Anatomy External structure of the body
function; the language of medicine; provides an
(during patient physical exam) essential foundation to understand physiology
• Physiology – the functional relevance of that structure
Radiological Anatomy Study of internal structures • Anatomy and physiology are the bedrock of the health
using X-rays sciences
3
• Morphology – shape or form of a structure
Regional Anatomy Study of multiple organ systems
at once in a given region of the • The textbook uses ‘functional morphology’ – not just
body (i.e., head or arm) the structure of organs but the functional reasons
behind it
Systemic Anatomy Study of one organ system at
one time
Medical mistakes cost the U.S. $20 billion, and over one hundred thousand lives a year
, Methods of Study – Techniques Used to Stu
the Human Body
Inspection or observation – looking at Dissection – excellent; cutting and Palpation – feeling a structure w
surface appearance separating tissues to reveal their fingertips (i.e., palpating a lymp
structural relationships taking a pulse)
Percussion - like palpation; tapping on body Exploratory Surgery – replaced by medical Auscultation - more specific list
surfaces and listening to sounds produced imaging; old method listening to the sounds that bod
for abnormalities (ie. pockets of fluid, or air) structures make; most make no
stethoscope
Medical Imaging – methods of viewing the ASK YOURELF THESE QUESTIONS:
inside of the body without surgery • IS IT INVASIVE?
• IS IT HARMFUL TO THE BODY?
• IS IT EXPENSIVE?
