Class X (Semester - 1)
Text Book Development Committee
Sri Praveen Prakash IAS Sri. S. Suresh Kumar IAS
Principal Secretary to Government Commissioner of School Education , AP
Department of School Education, AP
Sri. B. Srinivasa Rao IAS Sri. K. Ravindranath Reddy MA., B.Ed.
State Project Director, Samagra Shiksha, AP Director, Government Textbook Press, AP
Dr. B. Pratap Reddy MA., B.Ed., Ph.D.
Director, SCERT, AP
Programme Co-ordinators
Dr. G. Kesava Reddy, MSc, MSc, MEd, MPhil, PhD
Prof. C&T, SCERT, AP
Subject Co-ordinators
Sri Malempati Somasekhara Brahmanandam, M.Sc., M.Ed.
Faculty, SCERT, AP
Technical Co-ordinator
Dr. Ch.V.S. Ramesh Kumar
Faculty, SCERT, AP
State Council of Educational Research & Training
Andhra Pradesh
Published by Samagra Shiksha, Government of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati.
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, © Government of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati
First Published - 2024
All rights reserved
No part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means
without the prior permission in writing of the
publisher, nor be otherwise circulated in any
form of binding or cover other than that in
which it is published and without a similar
condition including this condition being
imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
The copy right holder of this book is the
Commissioner of School Education,
Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh.
This book has been printed on 70 G.S.M. SS Maplitho
Title Page 200 G.S.M. White Art Card
Free distribution by Samagra Shiksha, Government of Andhra Pradesh
Printed in India
at the A.P. Govt. Textbook Press
Amaravati
Andhra Pradesh
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, Translators
Dr.Chennamsetti. Ramesh, S.A. Sri Gabgalapudi Bhasker, S.A.
MPUPS, Mamillapalli, Guntur Dt. ZPHS, Vadlamopuru, Dakkili(M), TirupatiDt.
Sri. Kandula.Mallikarjuna Reddy, S.A. Smt. K.Vahini, S.A.
GSR MC HS, Vijayawada, NTR Dt. ZPHS,Kosuru,Movva(M),Krishna Dt.
Sri T. Samba Siva Rao, S.A. Sri G.V. Subrahmanya Sastry, S.A.
ZPHS,Nidubrolu,Ponnuru(M),Guntur Dt. ZPHS, Kommuvalasa,L.N.Peta (M)
Sri G.V. Krishna Mohan, S.A. Smt P. Anjani Kumari, PGT.
ZPHS, Karavadi, Prakasam Dt. APMS, Dechavaram, Palnadu Dt.
Sri. Md. Nazeer Hussain, S.A. Sri Y.L. Sreenivasulu, S.A.
Samagra Shiksha, A.P. GHS, Tangutur, Prakasam Dt.
Sri Kadiyala. Mallikarjuna, S.A. Sri. Donepudi.Venkateswara Rao, S.A.
ZPHS, Enumalapalli, Puttaparthi (M)S S S Dt. MPUPS, Kanimerla, Mylavaram (M), NTR Dt.
Sri Turpati. Lakshmu Naidu, S.A. Sri. P. Nagendra Naik, S.A.
ZPHS, Thimma raju peta, Anakapalli Dt. GHS, Yerragondapalem, Prakasam Dt.
Smt Majji. Sandhya Rani, CRT. Sri. Siyyadri Yellajiyamma, S.A.
KGBV, Gurla (M), Vizianagaram Dt. MPUPS, Gopalapatnam, Anakapalli Dt.
Smt. T. Vijaya Kumari, HM. Smt. Yasam. Jaya Bharati, S.A.
ZPHS, Lavanur, Kondapuram (M), Kadapa Dt. ZPGHS, Giddalur, Prakasam Dt.
Editors for Translation
Sri S.Satish, Sri Kesiraju Srinivas,
Faculty, SCERT, A.P Faculty, SCERT, A.P
Sri K.Satish Babu, MEO-2, Sri M. Somasekhar.B.,
Yarravari Palem, Tirupati Dt. Faculty, SCERT, A.P
Designing & Page Layout : Stock Assortment, Bapatla.
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