HONDROS BIO 117 FINAL EXAM WITH 391 QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS 2024 ( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED)
1. allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left atrium to bypass
pulmonary circulation: foramen ovale
2. carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava; allows some blood
to bypass the liver: ductus venosus
3. atrial contraction; systole; p wave: atrial depolarization
4. max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal inhalation: vital
capacity
5. allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the descending aorta to
bypass the pulmonary circulation: ductus arteriosus
6. ventricular relaxtion; diastole; t wave: ventricular repolarization
7. most important stimulus for the release of aldosterone: renin
8. volume of air in lungs following maximal inhalation: total lung capacity
9. provides oxygenated blood to brain: circle of willis
10. aorta; left pulmonary veins; left atrium; left ventricle; bicuspid: structures that
carry oxygenated blood (left heart)
11. pulmonary arteries; vena cava; right atrium; right ventricle; tricuspid:
structures that carry unoxygenated blood (right heart)
12. transport unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta: umbilical arteries
13. transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus: umbilical vein
14. volume of air that remains in lung after forceful exhalation: residual volume
15. ventricular contraction; systole; qrs complex: ventricular depolarization
16. located between left ventricle and left aorta: aortic semilunar valve
17. located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery: pulmonic semilunar
18. two semilunar valves: pulmonary and aortic
19. pushes blood out of the heart into the pulmonary trunk-lungs: right ventricle
20. decreases thoracic and lung volume and increases pressure in the lungs:
exhalation
21. space between the vocal cords: glottis/rima glottidis
22. vagus nerve effects: sa node
.
,23. pacemaker of the heart: SA node
24. right heart pumps blood to the: pulmonary circulation
25. acetylcholine; rest; decrease temp; hyperkalemia; hypocalcemia;
parasympathetic nervous system: factors that decrease heart rate
26. norepinephrine; epinephrine; stress; increase in temp; anticholinergic drugs;
hypokalemia; hypercalcemia: factors that increase heart rate
27. Left AV valve: Bicuspid
28. what substance is secreted in urine to decrease bloods ph: bicarbonte
HCO3
29 what substance is secreted in urine to increase bloods ph: hydrogen ions
30 plasma protein albumin is produced by: liver
31 volume of blood pumped from one ventricular of the heart with each beat:
stroke volume
32. volume of blood being pumped by heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle
in the time of one minute: cardiac output
33. vagus nerve: decreases heart rate
34. Right AV valve: Tricuspid
35. septum between right and left atria: foramen ovale
36. eliminated when we have acidosis: hydrogen ions
37. only structure of respiratory tract that is part of digestive system: pharynx
38. protein inside red blood cells that carry oxygento cells and carbon dioxide to
the lungs: hemoglobin
39. loss of negative intrapleural pressure: collapses lung
40. measured during normal quiet breathing: tidal volume
41. coronary arteries and veins are part of: systemic circulation
42. located between right atrium and right ventricle: right av
43. Lower chambers of the heart and pump blood out of the heart: ventricles
44. muscles of respiration relax and allow the ribs and diaphragm to return to
their original positions: exhalation
45. left heart pumps blood to the: systemic circulation
46. pushes blood out of the heart into the aorta-body: left venteicle
47. small hole in septum: foramen ovale
.
, 48. collects nutrient rich, deoxygenated blood to the liver: hepatic portal vein
49. excess sodium in the blood and is result of excess water loss: hypernatremia
50. stimulates the reabsorption of sodium and water; stimulates the excretion of
potassium; acts primarily on the distal tubule: aldosterone
51. forward movement of food is caused by: peristalsis
52. partially surround the trachea for its entire length and serve to keep it open: c-
shaped rings of cartilage
53. located behind the oral cavity and between the nasal cavities and the larynx:
pharynx
54. causes bronchodilation: sympathetic ~ Epinephrine/Norepinephrine
55. water soluble vitamins: B and C
56. relaxation of internal sphincter: involuntary
57. protein is digested: stomach and duodenum
58. enzyme that breaks down starch: amylase
59. caused by closing of semilunar valves: 2nd heart sound
60 caused by closing of the av valves: 1st heart sound
61 Causes bronchoconstriction: Parasympathetic-acetylcholine
62 lower than normal amount of potassium in the blood: hypokalemia
63. chemical alteration of food: chemical digestion
64. breakdown of large food particles into smaller pieces: mechanical digestion
65. controls the diaphragm: phrenic nerve
66. chief muscle of inspiration: diaphragm
67. enzyme that digests fat: lipase
68. excess potassium in the blood: hyperkalemia
69. decrease in the concentration of plasma sodium: hyponatremia
70. fluid located in the intracellular space: cytoplasm
71. Lowers calcium levels: Calcitonin
72. stimulates the reabsorption of water: ADH
73. pharynx is superior to the: larynx
74. digests, absorbs, secrets hormones and digestive enzymes: functions of small
intestine
75. arteries have higher blood pressure than: veins
.
& ANSWERS 2024 ( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED)
1. allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left atrium to bypass
pulmonary circulation: foramen ovale
2. carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava; allows some blood
to bypass the liver: ductus venosus
3. atrial contraction; systole; p wave: atrial depolarization
4. max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal inhalation: vital
capacity
5. allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the descending aorta to
bypass the pulmonary circulation: ductus arteriosus
6. ventricular relaxtion; diastole; t wave: ventricular repolarization
7. most important stimulus for the release of aldosterone: renin
8. volume of air in lungs following maximal inhalation: total lung capacity
9. provides oxygenated blood to brain: circle of willis
10. aorta; left pulmonary veins; left atrium; left ventricle; bicuspid: structures that
carry oxygenated blood (left heart)
11. pulmonary arteries; vena cava; right atrium; right ventricle; tricuspid:
structures that carry unoxygenated blood (right heart)
12. transport unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta: umbilical arteries
13. transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus: umbilical vein
14. volume of air that remains in lung after forceful exhalation: residual volume
15. ventricular contraction; systole; qrs complex: ventricular depolarization
16. located between left ventricle and left aorta: aortic semilunar valve
17. located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery: pulmonic semilunar
18. two semilunar valves: pulmonary and aortic
19. pushes blood out of the heart into the pulmonary trunk-lungs: right ventricle
20. decreases thoracic and lung volume and increases pressure in the lungs:
exhalation
21. space between the vocal cords: glottis/rima glottidis
22. vagus nerve effects: sa node
.
,23. pacemaker of the heart: SA node
24. right heart pumps blood to the: pulmonary circulation
25. acetylcholine; rest; decrease temp; hyperkalemia; hypocalcemia;
parasympathetic nervous system: factors that decrease heart rate
26. norepinephrine; epinephrine; stress; increase in temp; anticholinergic drugs;
hypokalemia; hypercalcemia: factors that increase heart rate
27. Left AV valve: Bicuspid
28. what substance is secreted in urine to decrease bloods ph: bicarbonte
HCO3
29 what substance is secreted in urine to increase bloods ph: hydrogen ions
30 plasma protein albumin is produced by: liver
31 volume of blood pumped from one ventricular of the heart with each beat:
stroke volume
32. volume of blood being pumped by heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle
in the time of one minute: cardiac output
33. vagus nerve: decreases heart rate
34. Right AV valve: Tricuspid
35. septum between right and left atria: foramen ovale
36. eliminated when we have acidosis: hydrogen ions
37. only structure of respiratory tract that is part of digestive system: pharynx
38. protein inside red blood cells that carry oxygento cells and carbon dioxide to
the lungs: hemoglobin
39. loss of negative intrapleural pressure: collapses lung
40. measured during normal quiet breathing: tidal volume
41. coronary arteries and veins are part of: systemic circulation
42. located between right atrium and right ventricle: right av
43. Lower chambers of the heart and pump blood out of the heart: ventricles
44. muscles of respiration relax and allow the ribs and diaphragm to return to
their original positions: exhalation
45. left heart pumps blood to the: systemic circulation
46. pushes blood out of the heart into the aorta-body: left venteicle
47. small hole in septum: foramen ovale
.
, 48. collects nutrient rich, deoxygenated blood to the liver: hepatic portal vein
49. excess sodium in the blood and is result of excess water loss: hypernatremia
50. stimulates the reabsorption of sodium and water; stimulates the excretion of
potassium; acts primarily on the distal tubule: aldosterone
51. forward movement of food is caused by: peristalsis
52. partially surround the trachea for its entire length and serve to keep it open: c-
shaped rings of cartilage
53. located behind the oral cavity and between the nasal cavities and the larynx:
pharynx
54. causes bronchodilation: sympathetic ~ Epinephrine/Norepinephrine
55. water soluble vitamins: B and C
56. relaxation of internal sphincter: involuntary
57. protein is digested: stomach and duodenum
58. enzyme that breaks down starch: amylase
59. caused by closing of semilunar valves: 2nd heart sound
60 caused by closing of the av valves: 1st heart sound
61 Causes bronchoconstriction: Parasympathetic-acetylcholine
62 lower than normal amount of potassium in the blood: hypokalemia
63. chemical alteration of food: chemical digestion
64. breakdown of large food particles into smaller pieces: mechanical digestion
65. controls the diaphragm: phrenic nerve
66. chief muscle of inspiration: diaphragm
67. enzyme that digests fat: lipase
68. excess potassium in the blood: hyperkalemia
69. decrease in the concentration of plasma sodium: hyponatremia
70. fluid located in the intracellular space: cytoplasm
71. Lowers calcium levels: Calcitonin
72. stimulates the reabsorption of water: ADH
73. pharynx is superior to the: larynx
74. digests, absorbs, secrets hormones and digestive enzymes: functions of small
intestine
75. arteries have higher blood pressure than: veins
.
