Sukara Fernandes
Mrs. Jones
AP World History Modern
August 3, 2023
Unit 1 Vocabulary Terms
Song Dynasty: (960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil
administration, industry, education, and arts other than military.
Confucianism: The system of ethics, education, and statesmanship taught by Confucius and his
disciples, emphasizing proper relationships, virtue, hierarchy, ancestor worship, filial piety, and
harmony in thought and conduct. Begins c.
Filial Piety: In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's
parents and ancestors.
Neo-Confucianism: A philosophy that emerged in Song-dynasty China; it revived Confucian
thinking while adding in Buddhist and Daoist elements
Theravada Buddhism: "Way of the Elders" branch followed in Sri Lanka/much of Southeast
Asia. Theravada, close to the original principles of Buddha. downplays the importance of gods
and emphasizes austerity and the individual's search for enlightenment. individual freedom from
suffering and reincarnation.
Mahayana Buddhism: "Great Vehicle" branch of Buddhism followed in China, Japan, and
Central Asia. The focus is on reverence for Buddha and for bodhisattvas, enlightened persons
who have postponed nirvana to help others attain enlightenment.
Tibetan Buddhism: A Buddhist doctrine that includes elements from India that are not Buddhist
and elements of preexisting shamanism, a tradition of Buddhism that teaches that people can use
special techniques to harness spiritual energy and can achieve nirvana in a single lifetime.
Champa Rice: Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season.
Originally introduced into Champa from India, it was later sent to China as a tribute gift by the
Champa state (as part of the tributary system.
Grand Canal: The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi
Rivers, linking Northern and Southern China, completed during the Sui Empire.
Flying Money: a type of paper negotiable instrument used during China's Tang dynasty invented
by merchants but adopted by the state.
Seljuk Empire: The Middle East, 11th-12th centuries
, Sukara Fernandes
Mrs. Jones
AP World History Modern
August 3, 2023
-Turkic empire ruled by sultans in Persia and modern-day
Iraq
-Established Turks as a major ethnic group carrying Islam
across Eurasia, along with Arabs and Persians
-Demonstrated weakness of Abbasid caliphate in its later years; sultans held real power in the
empire
-Helped to spread the influence of Islam throughout the region
Delhi Sultanate: a Muslim kingdom that ruled parts of India from the 13th to the 16th centuries.
Abbasid Caliphate: Third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The rulers who built
their capital in Baghdad after overthrowing the Umayyad caliphs. It started in 750 CE. It
flourished for two centuries but slowly went into decline with the rise to power of the Turkish
army it had created, the Mamluks. In the 13th century, the Mongols displaced them.
House of Wisdom in Baghdad: a major Abbasid public academy and intellectual center in
Baghdad or to a large private library belonging to the Abbasid Caliphs during the Islamic Golden
Age.
Bhakti Movement: a major Abbasid public academy and intellectual center in Baghdad or to a
large private library belonging to the Abbasid Caliphs during the Islamic Golden Age.
Sufism: Islamic mystics who often placed more emphasis on inspirational and emotional
qualities of faith than strictly following the rules. Often working as merchants, their devotion
helped to spread Islam among many non-Arab peoples.
Feudalism: A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to
their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live
on the land.
Vassal: a person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he has vowed homage and fealty
Serf: a person who is forced to work on a plot of land,
Manorialism: Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient
farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land. trade was local and relied on bartering.
Mrs. Jones
AP World History Modern
August 3, 2023
Unit 1 Vocabulary Terms
Song Dynasty: (960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil
administration, industry, education, and arts other than military.
Confucianism: The system of ethics, education, and statesmanship taught by Confucius and his
disciples, emphasizing proper relationships, virtue, hierarchy, ancestor worship, filial piety, and
harmony in thought and conduct. Begins c.
Filial Piety: In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's
parents and ancestors.
Neo-Confucianism: A philosophy that emerged in Song-dynasty China; it revived Confucian
thinking while adding in Buddhist and Daoist elements
Theravada Buddhism: "Way of the Elders" branch followed in Sri Lanka/much of Southeast
Asia. Theravada, close to the original principles of Buddha. downplays the importance of gods
and emphasizes austerity and the individual's search for enlightenment. individual freedom from
suffering and reincarnation.
Mahayana Buddhism: "Great Vehicle" branch of Buddhism followed in China, Japan, and
Central Asia. The focus is on reverence for Buddha and for bodhisattvas, enlightened persons
who have postponed nirvana to help others attain enlightenment.
Tibetan Buddhism: A Buddhist doctrine that includes elements from India that are not Buddhist
and elements of preexisting shamanism, a tradition of Buddhism that teaches that people can use
special techniques to harness spiritual energy and can achieve nirvana in a single lifetime.
Champa Rice: Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season.
Originally introduced into Champa from India, it was later sent to China as a tribute gift by the
Champa state (as part of the tributary system.
Grand Canal: The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi
Rivers, linking Northern and Southern China, completed during the Sui Empire.
Flying Money: a type of paper negotiable instrument used during China's Tang dynasty invented
by merchants but adopted by the state.
Seljuk Empire: The Middle East, 11th-12th centuries
, Sukara Fernandes
Mrs. Jones
AP World History Modern
August 3, 2023
-Turkic empire ruled by sultans in Persia and modern-day
Iraq
-Established Turks as a major ethnic group carrying Islam
across Eurasia, along with Arabs and Persians
-Demonstrated weakness of Abbasid caliphate in its later years; sultans held real power in the
empire
-Helped to spread the influence of Islam throughout the region
Delhi Sultanate: a Muslim kingdom that ruled parts of India from the 13th to the 16th centuries.
Abbasid Caliphate: Third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The rulers who built
their capital in Baghdad after overthrowing the Umayyad caliphs. It started in 750 CE. It
flourished for two centuries but slowly went into decline with the rise to power of the Turkish
army it had created, the Mamluks. In the 13th century, the Mongols displaced them.
House of Wisdom in Baghdad: a major Abbasid public academy and intellectual center in
Baghdad or to a large private library belonging to the Abbasid Caliphs during the Islamic Golden
Age.
Bhakti Movement: a major Abbasid public academy and intellectual center in Baghdad or to a
large private library belonging to the Abbasid Caliphs during the Islamic Golden Age.
Sufism: Islamic mystics who often placed more emphasis on inspirational and emotional
qualities of faith than strictly following the rules. Often working as merchants, their devotion
helped to spread Islam among many non-Arab peoples.
Feudalism: A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to
their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live
on the land.
Vassal: a person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he has vowed homage and fealty
Serf: a person who is forced to work on a plot of land,
Manorialism: Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient
farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land. trade was local and relied on bartering.
