N150A FUNDAMENTALS OF PROFESSIONAL
NURSING I + LAB COMPONENT. NURSING STUDY
MATERIAL. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
2024/2025
1. pulse: 60 to 100 bpm, regular and strong
2. Respirations: 12 to 20 breaths/min, deep and regular
3. 3. blood pressure: systolic 1 19 mmHg diastolic 79
mmHg pulse pressure: 30 to 50 mmHg
4. Oxygen saturation: 95% - 98% (lower than 86% = emergency, less
than 70% is life-threatening)
5. temperature range: Average
96.8-100.4 degrees F
(36-38 degrees C)
-Average Oral/tympanic - 37 degrees C or 99.5
-Average Rectal- 99.5 +1
-Average Axillary - 97.7 36.6 degrees C
6. End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETC02): normal 35-45 mmHg 7.
Temperature measurement sites: temporal artery, tympanic membrane,
oral, esophageal, axillary, pulmonary artery, urinary bladder
8. Nursing interventions for patients with fever: MD Order Obtain
blood cultures
(before beginning antibiotics or fever reducing drugs) , sputum, urine
Minimize heat production reduce frequency of activities that increase
oxygen demand such as excessive turning and ambulation; allow rest
periods; limit physical activity. Maximize heat loss reduce blankets
without causing shivering; keep patient, clothing, and bed linen dry.
Provide supplemental oxygen to improve delivery to body cells;
stimulate appetite and offer well-balanced meals; provide fluids (8-
10 [8 oz] glasses) to replace lost fluids through insensible water loss
& sweating.
Promote patient comfort oral hygiene, control environmental
temperature, damp cloth to forehead
1/7
, N150A FUNDAMENTALS OF PROFESSIONAL
NURSING I + LAB COMPONENT. NURSING STUDY
MATERIAL. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
2024/2025
Monitor trends Identify onset & duration of fever spikes
Health teaching Provide patient and family teaching with plan of care
Control environmental temperature to 21 0 to 27 o c (70 0 to 80 0 F
9. Acceptable
Ranges of Heart Rate: Infant 120-160
Toddler 90-140
Preschooler 80-1 10
School-age child 75-100
Adolescent 60-90
Adult 60-1 OO
10. decreased blood volume: hypovolemia l l . .
12. acceptable ranges of respiritory rate: Newborn 30-60
Infant (6 months) 30-50
Toddler (2 years) 25-32
Child 20-30
Adolescent 16-20
Adult 12-20
13. Average optimal blood pressure for age: Newborn
40 (mean) mmHg
1 month 85/54 mmHg
1 year 96/65 mmHg
6 years 105/65 mmHg
10-13 years 1 10/65 mmHg
14-17 years 1 19/75 mmHg
18 years and older 1 19/79 mmHg
2/7
NURSING I + LAB COMPONENT. NURSING STUDY
MATERIAL. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
2024/2025
1. pulse: 60 to 100 bpm, regular and strong
2. Respirations: 12 to 20 breaths/min, deep and regular
3. 3. blood pressure: systolic 1 19 mmHg diastolic 79
mmHg pulse pressure: 30 to 50 mmHg
4. Oxygen saturation: 95% - 98% (lower than 86% = emergency, less
than 70% is life-threatening)
5. temperature range: Average
96.8-100.4 degrees F
(36-38 degrees C)
-Average Oral/tympanic - 37 degrees C or 99.5
-Average Rectal- 99.5 +1
-Average Axillary - 97.7 36.6 degrees C
6. End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETC02): normal 35-45 mmHg 7.
Temperature measurement sites: temporal artery, tympanic membrane,
oral, esophageal, axillary, pulmonary artery, urinary bladder
8. Nursing interventions for patients with fever: MD Order Obtain
blood cultures
(before beginning antibiotics or fever reducing drugs) , sputum, urine
Minimize heat production reduce frequency of activities that increase
oxygen demand such as excessive turning and ambulation; allow rest
periods; limit physical activity. Maximize heat loss reduce blankets
without causing shivering; keep patient, clothing, and bed linen dry.
Provide supplemental oxygen to improve delivery to body cells;
stimulate appetite and offer well-balanced meals; provide fluids (8-
10 [8 oz] glasses) to replace lost fluids through insensible water loss
& sweating.
Promote patient comfort oral hygiene, control environmental
temperature, damp cloth to forehead
1/7
, N150A FUNDAMENTALS OF PROFESSIONAL
NURSING I + LAB COMPONENT. NURSING STUDY
MATERIAL. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
2024/2025
Monitor trends Identify onset & duration of fever spikes
Health teaching Provide patient and family teaching with plan of care
Control environmental temperature to 21 0 to 27 o c (70 0 to 80 0 F
9. Acceptable
Ranges of Heart Rate: Infant 120-160
Toddler 90-140
Preschooler 80-1 10
School-age child 75-100
Adolescent 60-90
Adult 60-1 OO
10. decreased blood volume: hypovolemia l l . .
12. acceptable ranges of respiritory rate: Newborn 30-60
Infant (6 months) 30-50
Toddler (2 years) 25-32
Child 20-30
Adolescent 16-20
Adult 12-20
13. Average optimal blood pressure for age: Newborn
40 (mean) mmHg
1 month 85/54 mmHg
1 year 96/65 mmHg
6 years 105/65 mmHg
10-13 years 1 10/65 mmHg
14-17 years 1 19/75 mmHg
18 years and older 1 19/79 mmHg
2/7
