PATHO Quiz 1 Questions with Correct Verified Answers and 2024

The action of the platelet derived growth factor is to stimulate the production of which cells - Connective tissue cells. in action potential: When a resting cell is stimulated through voltage-regulated channels, the cell membranes be-come ??? . - more permeable to Na + in action potential: A net Na + moves into the cell, and the membrane potential ??? , from a negative value (in millivolts) to zero. - de-creases, or moves forward in action potential: The Na + gates open, and Na + rushes into the cell, causing the membrane potential to ??? - reduce to zero and then be-come positive (depolarization). 28) Why is it possible for potassium to diffuse easily into and out of cells - The resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium Because the resting plasma membrane is more ??? can easily dif-fuse from its area of higher concentration in the ICF to its area of lower concentration in the ECF. - permeable to K + than to Na + , K + Because Na + and K + are both cations, the net result is an excess of anions inside the cell, resulting in the ??? - resting membrane potential. 29) The cellular uptake of the nutrient cholesterol depends on which process - Receptor-mediated endocytosis The cellular uptake of nutrients, such as cholesterol, for example, depends on receptor-medi-ated ???. - endocytosis Nutrients are not transported via the other options 30) What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential to initiate an action potential - Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane po-tential from negative to positive 5) Free radicals cause cell damage by - Giving up an electron, which causes injury to the chemical bonds of the cell membrane. A free radical is an electrically uncharged atom or group of atoms having an unpaired electron. Having one unpaired electron makes the molecule Un stable, thus to stabilize, the molecule gives up an electron to another molecule or steals one. Therefore it is capable of forming injurious chemical bonds with proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates---Key molecules in membranes and nucleic acid's. 21) Which method of transport uses transmembrane proteins with receptors with a high degree of specificity for substance being transported? - Mediated. Mediated transport- passive and active- involves integral or transmembrane proteins with receptors having a high degree of specificity for the substance being transported. Inorganic anions and cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, bicarbonate, and charged an uncharged organic compounds such as amino acids and sugars, require specific transport systems to facilitate movement through different cellular membranes 5) What is the sequence of steps in the development of digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cells? - 1- transcribed from DNA to RNA in nucleus 2-to ribosomes for synthesis 3-Transported in secretory vesicles to cell membrane