Lecture 2 - Research in Medical Science
exam with complete solutions
State the benefits of scientific research.
Scientific research plays a very important role in our efforts to maintain health and
combating diseases.
Research helps us create new knowledge and develop proper tools for the use of
existing knowledge.
Not only does it enable health care providers to diagnose and treat diseases, research
also provides evidence for policies and decisions on health and development.
State the skills that are developed from undertaking scientific research.
- Searching and critically appraising the medical literature.
- Independent continued learning.
- Writing research papers (or coursework)
- Communication skills
- Perseverance
- Planning and organisation
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State the evaluations must be considered when undertaking scientific research.
- Research design / experimentation
- Results and their implications
- The objective of the research sought
- Anticipated benefits / dangers
- Potential uses / abuses of the experiment and its results
- Ensuring the safety of human life
Explain the different types of medical research.
, Medical research is classified into primary and secondary research.
Clinical / experimental studies are performed in primary research.
Secondary research consolidates available studies as reviews, systematic reviews and
meta-analyses.
Three main areas in primary research are:
- Basic medical research
- Clinical research
- Epidemiological research
In almost all studies, at least one independent variable is varied, whereas the effects on
the dependent variables are investigated.
Clinical studies include observational studies and interventional studies.
There are many subclassifications of each type.
Define the term 'observational studies'.
Studies in which the investigator observes individuals without manipulation or
intervention.
Observational clinical study is a study in which knowledge from treatment of persons
with drugs is analysed using epidemiological methods.
In these studies, the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring are performed exclusively
according to medical practice and not according to a specified study protocol.
Meaning there in no change to the patients health care provisions when in the study
Define the term 'interventional study'.
A type of clinical study in which participants are assigned to groups that receive one or
more intervention/treatment (or no intervention) so that researchers can evaluate the
effects of the interventions on biomedical or health-related outcomes.
Interventional clinical study is performed with the purpose of studying or demonstrating
clinical or pharmacological properties of drugs/devices, their side effects and to
establish their efficacy or safety.
They also include studies in which surgical, physical or psychotherapeutic procedures
are examined
Studies on drugs / devices are subject to legal and ethical requirements
What artefact is the oldest example of medicine in art?
exam with complete solutions
State the benefits of scientific research.
Scientific research plays a very important role in our efforts to maintain health and
combating diseases.
Research helps us create new knowledge and develop proper tools for the use of
existing knowledge.
Not only does it enable health care providers to diagnose and treat diseases, research
also provides evidence for policies and decisions on health and development.
State the skills that are developed from undertaking scientific research.
- Searching and critically appraising the medical literature.
- Independent continued learning.
- Writing research papers (or coursework)
- Communication skills
- Perseverance
- Planning and organisation
Previous
Play
Next
Rewind 10 seconds
Move forward 10 seconds
Unmute
0:00
/
0:15
Full screen
Brainpower
Read More
State the evaluations must be considered when undertaking scientific research.
- Research design / experimentation
- Results and their implications
- The objective of the research sought
- Anticipated benefits / dangers
- Potential uses / abuses of the experiment and its results
- Ensuring the safety of human life
Explain the different types of medical research.
, Medical research is classified into primary and secondary research.
Clinical / experimental studies are performed in primary research.
Secondary research consolidates available studies as reviews, systematic reviews and
meta-analyses.
Three main areas in primary research are:
- Basic medical research
- Clinical research
- Epidemiological research
In almost all studies, at least one independent variable is varied, whereas the effects on
the dependent variables are investigated.
Clinical studies include observational studies and interventional studies.
There are many subclassifications of each type.
Define the term 'observational studies'.
Studies in which the investigator observes individuals without manipulation or
intervention.
Observational clinical study is a study in which knowledge from treatment of persons
with drugs is analysed using epidemiological methods.
In these studies, the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring are performed exclusively
according to medical practice and not according to a specified study protocol.
Meaning there in no change to the patients health care provisions when in the study
Define the term 'interventional study'.
A type of clinical study in which participants are assigned to groups that receive one or
more intervention/treatment (or no intervention) so that researchers can evaluate the
effects of the interventions on biomedical or health-related outcomes.
Interventional clinical study is performed with the purpose of studying or demonstrating
clinical or pharmacological properties of drugs/devices, their side effects and to
establish their efficacy or safety.
They also include studies in which surgical, physical or psychotherapeutic procedures
are examined
Studies on drugs / devices are subject to legal and ethical requirements
What artefact is the oldest example of medicine in art?
