BIO 210 Exam 1 Chapters 1 4 questions
with best solutions
cytology - answersStudy of body cells and internal structure
histology - answersStudy of tissues
pathology - answersInvestigates the cause of disease based on laboratory analysis of
bodily fluids and tissues
pathophysiology - answersInvestigates the relationship between the functioning of an
organ system and disease or injury
characteristics of living things - answers1. Exhibit complex organization and order
2. Engage in metabolism
3. Grow and develop
4. Exhibit responsiveness
5. Exhibit regulation and homeostasis
6. Reproduce
Body's Level of Organization from Simplest to Complex (Cherries Can Taste Odd On
Onions) - answers1. Chemical (atoms, molecules, macromolecules or DNA, organelles
2. Cellular (cells)
3. Tissue (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous)
4. Organ (two or more tissue types performing functions
5. Organ System (related organs working together)
6. Organismal (All body functions working interdependently in an organism, or the living
being)
Integumentary Organ System - answersSkin, hair nails
Protection, body coverings, sensation, Vitamin D production
Skeletal System - answersBones and joint
Protection, support, movement, blood cell production, mineral storage
Calcium storage
,Muscular System - answersSkeletal muscles
Movement, posture maintenance, heat production
Nervous System - answersBrain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, spinal nerves
Control system of the body; maintains homeostasis, coordination of muscles
Endocrine System - answersHypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid and parathyroid
glands, ovaries, testes, pancreas, thymus, adrenal glands
Secrete hormones that regulate the functions of other cells in the body
Cardiovascular System - answersHeart, blood vessels
Heart serves as a pump to constantly circulate blood throughout the body
Transport O2 into the body and CO2 out. Transport nutrients
Lymphatic System - answerscontains the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, lymph vessel
and tonsils
transport and filters lymph
Respiratory System - answersNasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
Absorption of Oxygen into the blood and removal carbon dioxide from the blood
Urinary System - answersKidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
Filters the blood to form urine, stores and transports urine for excretion of the waste out
of the body regulates fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance
Digestive System - answersEsophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, gallbladder
Breaks down and absorbs food, absorbs water and electrolytes, eliminates indigestible
substances
Reproductive System - answersOvaries, uterus, vagina; testes, ductus deferens, penis
Production of offspring
anatomic position - answersstandard reference position used for describing locations
and directions on the human body; upright stance, feet parallel and flat, upper limbs at
sides of body, palm face anteriorly (toward front), head is level, eyes look forward
coronal plane - answersseparates into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections,
also called frontal.
transverse plane - answersSuperior (top), inferior (bottom), also cross-sectional
midsagittal plane - answersDividing into equal left and right
anterior - answersIn front of; toward the front surface
, posterior - answersIn back of; toward the back surface
dorsal - answersToward the back/spine
ventral - answerstoward the belly side
proximal - answersA part is closer to the trunk of the body
refers to the arms and legs
distal - answersFarther from trunk of the body
refers to the arms and legs
superior - answersCloser to the head
inferior - answersCloser to the feet, away from the head
medial - answersToward the midline of the body
lateral - answersAway from the midline of the body
cranial - answersAt the head
caudal - answersdescribes a position below or lower than another part of the body
proper; near or toward the tail (in humans, the coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal
column); also referred to as inferior
deep - answersOn the inside
superficial - answersOn the Outside
vertebral canal - answersFormed by bones of vertebral column (houses spinal cord)
parietal layer - answersLines the internal surface of body wall
visceral layer - answersCovers external surface of organs (viscera) within that cavity
serous fluid - answersSecreted from membranes; liquid that serves as a lubricant;
reduces friction caused by movement of organs against body wall
pericardial cavity - answersHeart and major blood vessels.
Includes thymus & esophagus
pleural cavity - answersTwo layered serous membrane associated with lungs
peritoneum - answersTwo layered serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity
1. Parietal peritoneum: outer layer lining of abdominopelvic cavity
with best solutions
cytology - answersStudy of body cells and internal structure
histology - answersStudy of tissues
pathology - answersInvestigates the cause of disease based on laboratory analysis of
bodily fluids and tissues
pathophysiology - answersInvestigates the relationship between the functioning of an
organ system and disease or injury
characteristics of living things - answers1. Exhibit complex organization and order
2. Engage in metabolism
3. Grow and develop
4. Exhibit responsiveness
5. Exhibit regulation and homeostasis
6. Reproduce
Body's Level of Organization from Simplest to Complex (Cherries Can Taste Odd On
Onions) - answers1. Chemical (atoms, molecules, macromolecules or DNA, organelles
2. Cellular (cells)
3. Tissue (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous)
4. Organ (two or more tissue types performing functions
5. Organ System (related organs working together)
6. Organismal (All body functions working interdependently in an organism, or the living
being)
Integumentary Organ System - answersSkin, hair nails
Protection, body coverings, sensation, Vitamin D production
Skeletal System - answersBones and joint
Protection, support, movement, blood cell production, mineral storage
Calcium storage
,Muscular System - answersSkeletal muscles
Movement, posture maintenance, heat production
Nervous System - answersBrain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, spinal nerves
Control system of the body; maintains homeostasis, coordination of muscles
Endocrine System - answersHypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid and parathyroid
glands, ovaries, testes, pancreas, thymus, adrenal glands
Secrete hormones that regulate the functions of other cells in the body
Cardiovascular System - answersHeart, blood vessels
Heart serves as a pump to constantly circulate blood throughout the body
Transport O2 into the body and CO2 out. Transport nutrients
Lymphatic System - answerscontains the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, lymph vessel
and tonsils
transport and filters lymph
Respiratory System - answersNasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
Absorption of Oxygen into the blood and removal carbon dioxide from the blood
Urinary System - answersKidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
Filters the blood to form urine, stores and transports urine for excretion of the waste out
of the body regulates fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance
Digestive System - answersEsophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, gallbladder
Breaks down and absorbs food, absorbs water and electrolytes, eliminates indigestible
substances
Reproductive System - answersOvaries, uterus, vagina; testes, ductus deferens, penis
Production of offspring
anatomic position - answersstandard reference position used for describing locations
and directions on the human body; upright stance, feet parallel and flat, upper limbs at
sides of body, palm face anteriorly (toward front), head is level, eyes look forward
coronal plane - answersseparates into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections,
also called frontal.
transverse plane - answersSuperior (top), inferior (bottom), also cross-sectional
midsagittal plane - answersDividing into equal left and right
anterior - answersIn front of; toward the front surface
, posterior - answersIn back of; toward the back surface
dorsal - answersToward the back/spine
ventral - answerstoward the belly side
proximal - answersA part is closer to the trunk of the body
refers to the arms and legs
distal - answersFarther from trunk of the body
refers to the arms and legs
superior - answersCloser to the head
inferior - answersCloser to the feet, away from the head
medial - answersToward the midline of the body
lateral - answersAway from the midline of the body
cranial - answersAt the head
caudal - answersdescribes a position below or lower than another part of the body
proper; near or toward the tail (in humans, the coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal
column); also referred to as inferior
deep - answersOn the inside
superficial - answersOn the Outside
vertebral canal - answersFormed by bones of vertebral column (houses spinal cord)
parietal layer - answersLines the internal surface of body wall
visceral layer - answersCovers external surface of organs (viscera) within that cavity
serous fluid - answersSecreted from membranes; liquid that serves as a lubricant;
reduces friction caused by movement of organs against body wall
pericardial cavity - answersHeart and major blood vessels.
Includes thymus & esophagus
pleural cavity - answersTwo layered serous membrane associated with lungs
peritoneum - answersTwo layered serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity
1. Parietal peritoneum: outer layer lining of abdominopelvic cavity
