TEST BANK For Biology: Science for Life with
Physiology, 6th Edition by Belk & Maier
What must occur for an organism to pass its genetic information on to its offspring?
A. The parental chromosome must be given to the offspring.
B. The parent must copy its own DNA and provide a copy to its offspring.
C. A novel DNA chromosome must be made by the parent cell and given to its
offspring.
D. The host chromosome must be degraded. - ANSWER: B
The process of copying DNA prior to cell replication is known as _____________.
A. RNA replication.
B. DNA synthesis.
C. DNA replication.
D. DNA translation.
E. DNA transcription. - ANSWER: C
What is meant by semiconservative replication?
A. Both the new DNA molecules are made up of new DNA.
B. Both the DNA & parental DNA remain connected during
DNA replication.
C. The newly made DNA strand is made entirely of new
DNA, while the parental DNA is conserved.
D. The new copies of DNA contain one original strand of DNA and one new strand of
DNA. - ANSWER: D
What serves as the template for DNA replication?
A. each of the original DNA strands
B. proteins that are associated with DNA replication
C. the new DNA strands
D. RNA from the cell - ANSWER: A
What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?
A. DNA helicase stabilizes the single strands of DNA during replication.
B. DNA helicase synthesizes new strands of DNA.
C. DNA helicase uses the energy from ATP to break the hydrogen bonds between
two DNA strands, thereby "unzipping" the molecule.
D. DNA uses DNA to get energy from ATP. - ANSWER: C
The replication fork __________________.
A. Is the point where stabilizing proteins bind the single strands of DNA.
B. is the point where DNA helicase is "unzipping" the double-stranded DNA
molecule.
,C. is what results if the DNA strands begin to degrade.
D. is another term for DNA replication. - ANSWER: B
What is the function of stabilizing proteins?
A. They form the replication fork.
B. They synthesize new strands of DNA.
C. They use ATP to break the hydrogen bonds between the strands of DNA.
D. They hold the separated strands apart and prevent their degredation. - ANSWER:
D
The replication fork moves ___________.
A. toward the stabilizing proteins.
B. away from the direction of newly synthesized DNA.
C. opposite the direction of the DNA helicase.
D. ahead of the newly synthesized DNA. - ANSWER: D
Which enzyme(s) can synthesize new strands of DNA?
A. primase
B. DNA polymerase
C. ligase
D. #1 and #2
E. all of the above - ANSWER: B
Why is primase essential for DNA replication?
A. It provides the RNA that is an essential part of the newly copied chromosome.
B. It removes the RNA left from the DNA replication process.
C. It provides a 3' end of the newly synthesized strand, allowing DNA polymerase to
begin copying DNA.
D. It repairs the gaps between DNA fragments during lagging strand synthesis. -
ANSWER: C
DNA synthesis occurs in which direction?
A. From 5' to 3' on the lagging strand and 3' to 5' on the leading strand.
B. From 3' to 5' on both the leading and lagging strands.
C. From 5' to 3' on the leading strand and 3' to 5' on the lagging strand.
D. From 5' to 3' on both the leading and lagging strands. - ANSWER: B
How does the DNA polymerase know which nucleotide triphosphate to add to the
growing strand?
A. It does not; it is a random process that results in genetic diversity for the offspring.
B. It hydrogen-bonds the nucleotide to the parental strand, pairing adenines to
thymines and guanines to cytosines.
C. It hydrogen-bonds the nucleotide to the parental strand, pairing adenines to
cytosines and guanines to thymines.
D. It hydrogen-bonds the nucleotide to the RNA primer made by primase, pairing
adenines to thymines and guanines to cytosines. - ANSWER: B
, What might happen if the cell does not have RNAse?
A. DNA polymerase would not have a 3' to begin DNA synthesis.
B. The newly made chromosome would consist of DNA and RNA molecules.
C. There would be gaps of missing DNA throughout the newly synthesized DNA.
D. The hydrogen bonding between the DNA strands would all be broken. - ANSWER:
B
Which of the following statements concerning DNA replication is true?
A. The leading strand of DNA replication requires only one RNA primer.
B. The lagging strand of DNA replication requires multiple RNA primers.
C. The lagging strand of DNA replication requires only one RNA primer.
D. The leading strand of DNA replication does not require an RNA primer. - ANSWER:
A, B
What is the function of the connector proteins?
A. They allow DNA synthesis to occur from the 3' to 5' direction.
B. They enable one parental DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand to
be held together.
C. They produce the Okazaki fragments.
D. They link the leading strand DNA polymerase and the lagging strand DNA
polymerase together. - ANSWER: D
Which of the following statements regarding Okazaki fragments are true?
A. They are found on the leading strand of DNA replication.
B. They are composed of RNA.
C. They are found on the lagging strand of DNA replication.
D. They are typically 1000 nucleotides in length. - ANSWER: c, d
Place the following events of lagging strand DNA synthesis in order: (1) DNA
polymerase synthesizes new DNA strand in the 3' to 5' direction. (2) Primase adds an
RNA primer. (3) Okazaki fragments are joined together. (4) RNAse removes the RNA
primer.
A. 2, 1, 3, 4
B. 1, 2, 3, 4
C. 1, 2, 4, 3
D. 2, 1, 4, 3 - ANSWER: D
Which of the following is a product of transcription?
(A) mRNA
(B) rRNA
(C) tRNA
(D) all of the above
(E) none of the above - ANSWER: A
The role of transcription is ___________________.
(A) to copy DNA prior to cell division.
(B) to copy the information stored in DNA into RNA.
Physiology, 6th Edition by Belk & Maier
What must occur for an organism to pass its genetic information on to its offspring?
A. The parental chromosome must be given to the offspring.
B. The parent must copy its own DNA and provide a copy to its offspring.
C. A novel DNA chromosome must be made by the parent cell and given to its
offspring.
D. The host chromosome must be degraded. - ANSWER: B
The process of copying DNA prior to cell replication is known as _____________.
A. RNA replication.
B. DNA synthesis.
C. DNA replication.
D. DNA translation.
E. DNA transcription. - ANSWER: C
What is meant by semiconservative replication?
A. Both the new DNA molecules are made up of new DNA.
B. Both the DNA & parental DNA remain connected during
DNA replication.
C. The newly made DNA strand is made entirely of new
DNA, while the parental DNA is conserved.
D. The new copies of DNA contain one original strand of DNA and one new strand of
DNA. - ANSWER: D
What serves as the template for DNA replication?
A. each of the original DNA strands
B. proteins that are associated with DNA replication
C. the new DNA strands
D. RNA from the cell - ANSWER: A
What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?
A. DNA helicase stabilizes the single strands of DNA during replication.
B. DNA helicase synthesizes new strands of DNA.
C. DNA helicase uses the energy from ATP to break the hydrogen bonds between
two DNA strands, thereby "unzipping" the molecule.
D. DNA uses DNA to get energy from ATP. - ANSWER: C
The replication fork __________________.
A. Is the point where stabilizing proteins bind the single strands of DNA.
B. is the point where DNA helicase is "unzipping" the double-stranded DNA
molecule.
,C. is what results if the DNA strands begin to degrade.
D. is another term for DNA replication. - ANSWER: B
What is the function of stabilizing proteins?
A. They form the replication fork.
B. They synthesize new strands of DNA.
C. They use ATP to break the hydrogen bonds between the strands of DNA.
D. They hold the separated strands apart and prevent their degredation. - ANSWER:
D
The replication fork moves ___________.
A. toward the stabilizing proteins.
B. away from the direction of newly synthesized DNA.
C. opposite the direction of the DNA helicase.
D. ahead of the newly synthesized DNA. - ANSWER: D
Which enzyme(s) can synthesize new strands of DNA?
A. primase
B. DNA polymerase
C. ligase
D. #1 and #2
E. all of the above - ANSWER: B
Why is primase essential for DNA replication?
A. It provides the RNA that is an essential part of the newly copied chromosome.
B. It removes the RNA left from the DNA replication process.
C. It provides a 3' end of the newly synthesized strand, allowing DNA polymerase to
begin copying DNA.
D. It repairs the gaps between DNA fragments during lagging strand synthesis. -
ANSWER: C
DNA synthesis occurs in which direction?
A. From 5' to 3' on the lagging strand and 3' to 5' on the leading strand.
B. From 3' to 5' on both the leading and lagging strands.
C. From 5' to 3' on the leading strand and 3' to 5' on the lagging strand.
D. From 5' to 3' on both the leading and lagging strands. - ANSWER: B
How does the DNA polymerase know which nucleotide triphosphate to add to the
growing strand?
A. It does not; it is a random process that results in genetic diversity for the offspring.
B. It hydrogen-bonds the nucleotide to the parental strand, pairing adenines to
thymines and guanines to cytosines.
C. It hydrogen-bonds the nucleotide to the parental strand, pairing adenines to
cytosines and guanines to thymines.
D. It hydrogen-bonds the nucleotide to the RNA primer made by primase, pairing
adenines to thymines and guanines to cytosines. - ANSWER: B
, What might happen if the cell does not have RNAse?
A. DNA polymerase would not have a 3' to begin DNA synthesis.
B. The newly made chromosome would consist of DNA and RNA molecules.
C. There would be gaps of missing DNA throughout the newly synthesized DNA.
D. The hydrogen bonding between the DNA strands would all be broken. - ANSWER:
B
Which of the following statements concerning DNA replication is true?
A. The leading strand of DNA replication requires only one RNA primer.
B. The lagging strand of DNA replication requires multiple RNA primers.
C. The lagging strand of DNA replication requires only one RNA primer.
D. The leading strand of DNA replication does not require an RNA primer. - ANSWER:
A, B
What is the function of the connector proteins?
A. They allow DNA synthesis to occur from the 3' to 5' direction.
B. They enable one parental DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand to
be held together.
C. They produce the Okazaki fragments.
D. They link the leading strand DNA polymerase and the lagging strand DNA
polymerase together. - ANSWER: D
Which of the following statements regarding Okazaki fragments are true?
A. They are found on the leading strand of DNA replication.
B. They are composed of RNA.
C. They are found on the lagging strand of DNA replication.
D. They are typically 1000 nucleotides in length. - ANSWER: c, d
Place the following events of lagging strand DNA synthesis in order: (1) DNA
polymerase synthesizes new DNA strand in the 3' to 5' direction. (2) Primase adds an
RNA primer. (3) Okazaki fragments are joined together. (4) RNAse removes the RNA
primer.
A. 2, 1, 3, 4
B. 1, 2, 3, 4
C. 1, 2, 4, 3
D. 2, 1, 4, 3 - ANSWER: D
Which of the following is a product of transcription?
(A) mRNA
(B) rRNA
(C) tRNA
(D) all of the above
(E) none of the above - ANSWER: A
The role of transcription is ___________________.
(A) to copy DNA prior to cell division.
(B) to copy the information stored in DNA into RNA.
